Ultrasound/Central Lines (Kane) Final Exam Flashcards
Who is credited with the early idea of using sound waves for “seeing” in nature; ie Bats and Dolphins?
A) Leonardo da Vinci
B) Lazzaro Spallanzani
C) Alexander Graham Bell
D) Thomas Edison
B) Lazzaro Spallanzani
1974
S3
In which decade did ultrasound become popular in medicine?
A) 1930s
B) 1940s
C) 1950s
D) 1960s
C) 1950s
S3
Ultrasound in the military is primarily associated with __________.
A) radar
B) satellites
C) submarines
D) aircraft
C) submarines
S3
One major advantage of ultrasound in medicine is that it involves no __________ radiation.
A) ionizing
B) electromagnetic
C) thermal
D) nuclear
A) ionizing
Not exposing people to unecessary radiation
S3
Advantages of using ultrasound include:
Select 3
A) Identifying anatomical structures
B) Increasing the complexity of procedures
C) Increasing accuracy of needle placement
D) Relationship of needle to tissues
A) Identifying anatomical structures
C) Increasing accuracy of needle placement
D) Relationship of needle to tissues
Visualizing “seeing” the spread of local anesthetic around the nerve sheath
S4
Ultrasound waves travel at a frequency range of __________.
A) 2-20 Hz
B) 20-20,000 Hz
C) 2-20 MHz
D) 20-200 MHz
C) 2-20 MHz
S5
The frequency range of audible sound is __________.
A) 2-20 Hz
B) 20-20,000 Hz
C) 2-20 MHz
D) 20-200 MHz
B) 20-20,000 Hz
Those are some big ears
S5
When ultrasound waves encounter a surface, they can be:
A) Transmitted
B) Reflected
C) Radiate
D) Scattered
A) Transmitted -When an ultrasound beam passes through body tissues
B) Reflected -the return of the sound wave energy back to the transducer
D) Scattered -When an ultrasound wave changes direction in a less orderly manner
*Kane- Waves leave the probe, get sent out and they either get absorbed by a structure, pass by the structure and miss it totally or get reflected back and that is what we see on the ultrasound screen. *
S5
Ultrasound waves that are __________ back to crystals create __________ recorded by the computer.
A) transmitted; image
B) reflected; impulses
C) absorbed; sound
D) reflected; data
B) reflected; impulses
S5
Match the type of sound wave with their medium and the definitions of what they look like on an ultrasound
A. Transmitted through - 3. Fluid - i. No signal = anechoic = dark
B. Between - 1. Soft tissue/tendon/muscles/fat - iii. Iso/hypo = shades of gray
C. Reflected - 2. Bones/stones - ii. Lots of signal = hyperechoic = bright
S6
What term describes tissues that reflect more sound waves and appear bright on an ultrasound?
A) Anechoic
B) Hypoechoic
C) Isoechoic
D) Hyperechoic
D) Hyperechoic
S7
What term describes tissues that reflect fewer sound waves and appear dark on an ultrasound?
A) Anechoic
B) Hypoechoic
C) Isoechoic
D) Hyperechoic
B) Hypoechoic
S7
True or False
Echogenesis refers to the property of tissues to reflect sound waves during an ultrasound examination.
True - It determines how different tissues appear on an ultrasound image based on their ability to reflect or transmit sound waves. The concept of echogenesis helps in differentiating various types of tissues and structures within the body.
S7
Which one is a Solid mass or a Cystic mass?
A. Solid Mass
B. Cystic Mass
Telling between these can tell doctors if its sebacious, malignant… can help determine what the surgeons will do
S8
Where are piezoelectric crystals located in an ultrasound transducer?
A) In the power supply
B) Inside the head of the transducer
C) In the computer system
D) In the ultrasound gel
B) Inside the head of the transducer
S9
Piezoelectric crystals change shape with __________ impulse and generate __________ waves.
A) electric; light
B) chemical; electrical
C) thermal; sound
D) electrical; sound
B) electrical; sound
This is an actual image of a piezoelectric crystal
S9
The __________ transducer is best for __________ due to its high frequency (7-15 MHz) and better resolution.
A) linear array; superficial depth imaging
B) curved array; deep tissue imaging
C) phased array; large area imaging
D) linear array; deep tissue imaging
A) linear array; superficial depth imaging
Mostly flat - the circled part on the transducer is the indicator
S10
The __________ transducer, with low frequency (2-5 MHz)
, is ideal for __________.
A) linear array; superficial structures
B) phased array; echocardiography
C) curved array; deep tissue imaging
D) sector array; vascular imaging
C) curved array; deep tissue imaging
S10
Match the Transducer and it’s primary use
A. Linear array - 3. IJ, A-line, PIV
B. Curved array - 1. Kidney, liver, spleen, bladder, assess NPO status
C. Phased array - 2. Echocardiography, TEE pictures, subxiphoid, through ribs
S10
Label the picture.
Axial
Saggital
Coronal
A. Coronal - divides the body into anterior and posterior parts
B. Saggital -plane that divides the body into right and left halves
C. Axial - * plane that divides the body into upper and lower parts*
Slide 11
True or False
The dot or indicator on the ultrasound screen is on the same side or orientation of the patient. If the dot is on the right side, that is the patient’s right side.
True!
Slide 11
