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DH: Principles I > Exam 3 Anesthesia Machines (Workstations) (7/8/24) > Flashcards

Exam 3 Anesthesia Machines (Workstations) (7/8/24) Flashcards

1
Q

What 5 things should an anesthesia machine provide?

A
  1. Accurate and safe gas delivery
  2. A means for ventilating patients (Primary method)
  3. Electrical Outlets
  4. A housing for monitoring devices
  5. Storage/Shelving
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2
Q

If the Master power switch has been turned off, electrical functions will be disabled except for:

A
  • Battery Charger
  • Electrical Outlets
  • Oxygen flush valve
  • Auxillary oxygen flowmeter
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3
Q

True or False:
Other appliances (not intended for anesthesia monitoring) should be plugged in to the anesthesia machine outlets in order to save wall space.

A

FALSE:

Other appliances should be plugged into hospital main

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4
Q

If requirements exceed outlet, this happens:

A

Circuit breaker will activate and entire machine will fail.

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5
Q

What are the 3 parts to the pneumatic system?

A
  1. High Pressure
  2. Intermediate Pressure
  3. Low Pressure
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6
Q

The machine receives gases from the cylinders at high, variable pressures of about ___ psi and reduces them down to ___ psi.

A

2200 psi

45 psi

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7
Q

What is utilized by the anesthesia machine to reduce/provide a more constant pressure once gases are received from the cylinders?

A

A Pressure (1st Stage) Regulator

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8
Q

What is this an image of?

A

A Hanger Yoke

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9
Q

What are the functions of the Hanger Yoke?

A
  • Orients and supports the cylinder
  • Provides a gas-tight seal
  • Ensures a unidirectional flow (safety valves inside)
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10
Q

We are required to have at least 1 Hanger yoke for which of the following?

Oxygen
Medical Air
Nitrous

A

Oxygen and Nitrous

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11
Q

For each of the following, label the name of what each part of the hanger yoke is responsible for:

Tightening the cylinder
Area where gas enters the machine
Prevents attachment of an incorrect cylinder
Forms seal between the cylinder and yoke
Ensures unidirectional flow

A

Tightening the cylinder: Retaining Screw
Area where gas enters the machine: Nipple
Prevents attachment of an incorrect cylinder: Index Pins
Forms seal between the cylinder and yoke: Washer
Ensures unidirectional flow: Check valve assembly

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12
Q

What does the check valve assembly prevent?

A

Prevents gas from exiting machine when there is no cylinder in the yoke

Prevents gas from being transferred from a cylinder with higher pressure to one with lower pressure

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13
Q

What are the names of the tubes found in the cylinder pressure indicator?
Describe the look of these tubes.

A

Bourdon Tubes

Curved and Hollow

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14
Q

The cylinder pressure indicator/gauge is required to be calibrated in which of the following two units?

A. Newtons
B. PSI
C. Pascals
D. Joules
E. Kilopascals (kPa)

A

B. PSI
E. Kilopascals (kPa)

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15
Q

How is gas introduced into the Intermediate portion of the pressure system?

A

Receives gases from the pressure regulator or pipeline
(45 psi 1st stage regulator) (50-55 psi pipeline)

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16
Q

The intermediate pressure system includes these 6 things:

A
  1. Pneumatic part of master switch
  2. Pipeline inlet connections and indicators
  3. Piping
  4. Oxygen pressure failure devices
  5. Oxygen flush valve
  6. Flow control valves
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17
Q

How are the pipeline inlet connections fitted?

A

Via the DISS (Diameter Index Safety System)

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18
Q

Are the top or bottom pressure indicators reading the pressures from the wall or from the cylinders?

A

Top: Wall
Bottom: Cylinder

19
Q

In the intermediate pressure system, the piping must be able to withstand ___ the intended pressure.
It must also not allow leaks to exceed ___ inside the machine.

A

4x intended pressure

25 ml/min inside the machine

20
Q

When will the oxygen failure safety device alarm?

A

If oxygen pressure is reduced to 30 psi

21
Q

How long will it take for an alarm to sound if there is complete oxygen failure?

A

5 seconds

22
Q

This device receives oxygen from pipeline inlet or cylinder pressure regulator and sends O2 to common gas outlet

A

Oxygen flush

23
Q

The oxygen flush must have a flow between ___ and ___.

A

35-75 L/min

24
Q

The use of the oxygen flush comes with hazards, including these two potential adverse effects patients may experience.

A

Barotrauma
Awareness (dilution of gas)

25
Q

Which flow knob must be fluted and larger than other gases so that it looks and feels different?

A

The oxygen flow knob

26
Q

The amount of pressure in the low pressure system should be:

A. Slightly above atmospheric pressure and constant
B. Slightly below atmospheric pressure and constant
C. Slightly above atmospheric pressure and variable
D. Slightly below atmospheric pressure and variable

A

C. Slightly above atmospheric pressure and variable

Depends on flow from flowmeters and backpressure from breathing circuit

27
Q

The low pressure system includes:

A

Flowmeters
Hypoxia prevention devices
Unidirectional valves
Pressure relief devices
Common gas outlet

28
Q

What kind of tubes are flowmeters?
Describe these tubes:

A

Thorpe Tubes

Smallest diameter at bottom = increases in diameter as you go up
Free floating indicator (flat on the top)
A stop at the top of tube

29
Q

The 2nd stage regulator is located in the ___ and maintains a psi of ___ - ___.

A

The 2nd stage regulator is located in the flowmeters and maintains a psi of 14-30.

30
Q

Standard requires oxygen flowmeter to be placed on which side of the machine?
Why?

A

Right Side! (closest to the patient)

If there is an oxygen leak and it was in the 1st or 2nd flow meter position = you lose ALL of the gases
If it is on the far right, a leak in the Nitrous and Air won’t cause a leak in the oxygen.

31
Q

Which of the following display the safest flowmeter sequence?

A

C and D
(Oxygen flow meter on the far right)

32
Q

What are the 2 hypoxia prevention devices in the low pressure system that were highlighted in lecture?

A
  • Mandatory Minimum Oxygen Flow
  • Minimum Oxygen Ratio
33
Q

When the master switch is turned on, the mandatory minimum oxygen flow will provide a minimum flow of ___.

A

50-250 ml/min

34
Q

What is the minimum oxygen ratio?
When does this kick in?

A

Mechanical linkage (ratio) when doing a case with nitrous that prevents us from giving ALL nitrous and no oxygen.

When oxygen concentration drops to 25%

35
Q

Where are the unidirectional valves located in the low pressure system?

A

Located between vaporizer and common gas outlet, upstream from the oxygen flush valve.

36
Q

What do the unidirectional valves aim to reduce?

A

Lessens back pressure from flush or breathing circuit.

37
Q

Where are the pressure relief devices located?
(Specifically in the low pressure system)

A

Near the common gas outlet

38
Q

Because the pressure relief devices open to the atmosphere and vents if preset pressure is exceeded, it has limited ability for ___.

A

Jet ventilation

39
Q

The common gas outlet should not be used to deliver ___.
Why?

A

Supplemental oxygen

  • Delay in emergencies
  • Potential delivery of inhalational agents
40
Q

What is the function of the alternative oxygen control?

A

Delivers oxygen in case of electronic power failure

41
Q

Correctly identify the primary location (High, Intermediate, Low pressure system) for all of the following components of the anesthesia machine.

Flowmeters:
Pipeline Inlets:
Cylinders:
Pressure relief valve:
Vaporizer:
Flow Control Valve:
Hanger Yoke:

A

Flowmeters: Low
Pipeline Inlets: Intermediate
Cylinders: High
Pressure relief valve: Intermediate AND Low
Vaporizer: Low
Flow Control Valve: Intermediate
Hanger Yoke: High

42
Q

This component of the anesthesia machine is found in all the pressure systems (mostly High and Intermediate):

A

Check Valves

43
Q

Which locations in the anesthesia machine are the “Filters” and “pressure gauges” most abundant?

A

High and Intermediate

44
Q

In which pressure system is the power outlet, oxygen flush and oxygen pressure alarm found?

A

Intermediate

DH: Principles I (50 decks)

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