Ultrasound

Question 1

Explain what substances are highly reflective and what is low relective to give ultrasound B mode image (whats white whats grey ,blakc, etc)

Answer 1

Denser material will send back stronger image- WHITE- hihgly reflective (bone)

Less dense tissue is less relfective will appear grey (tissue)

fluid is black, dark grey

Question 2

what is the use of gel in ultrasound

Answer 2

want to avoid air between the transducer and the patient use gel

allows ultrasound waves to pass into bodyw iuthout being reflected off air

reduce acousitic impedeand cand reflection of air

Question 3

what is a Efast scan?

Answer 3

Extended focused assessment sonography trauama

look for bleeding as a consquence of bleeding (fluid will appear black on ultrasound and will mvoe to the lowest point)

Question 4

What are we seeing here? why is it importantn?

Answer 4

long bone femur fractutre

can slide the ultrasound scanner along the lenght of the femur to check for fracture

rapdily before any xray

quicker treatment - splint to reduce any potential spaces to prevmt blood loos

Question 5

what pathology can u see below

Answer 5

can see a sternum fractutre

Question 6

how can ultrasound be used to gain acess to peripheral veisn in patient in shock?

Answer 6

when pressure is applied they collapse easily- VEIN

during shock cveisn may close up to make palpating evins difficult

Question 7

can ultrasound be used to asses muscles and tendons?

Answer 7

Yes use in secondary survery

ultraosund can be sued on muscles (rotator cuff)

achilles tednon (can check for ruptures

Question 8

what pathology can we see here on the achilles tendon

Answer 8

Rupture

Question 9

what is better to diagnose elbow haemarthrosis- Xray or ultrasound

Answer 9

dififcult to asses elbow haemarthrossi on an Xray-

with ultrasound- scann back of the elbow - in haemarthrosis we wont see the bright fat pad (posterior)- due to joint efusion