Soft tissue injury

Question 1

what are the stages of wound healing?

Answer 1

inflammation

proliferation (epithelialisation, formation of granulation tissue, wound contraction, angiogenesis

remodelling

Question 2

what are the types of soft tissue injury?

Answer 2

Question 3

what is wound debridement?

Answer 3

cutting away the ragged edges of a wound

Question 4

what is the treatment for a laceration?

Answer 4

wound debrideement

wound washout

reapir any damged structure

wound clsoure

Question 5

describe the management ladder of ttissue loss

Answer 5

• Laceration/incised wound
  
  • Primary closure (stitch)
• Skin loss
  
  • Secondary intention (granulation and epithelialisation healing)
  • Skin graft
• Involvement muscle/tendon/bone
  
  • Skin graft
  • Flap

Question 6

why might we alloa. wound to heal by seconday intention?

Answer 6

wound will heal itself as the peithelila cells move in from edges

in older patients may not want to do surgery (co-morbidiites)

Question 7

what is the differeence between a skin graft and skin flap

Answer 7

gaft- skin mvoed from one site to another- picks up a new blood suppyl at recipeient site so requires a vascularised bed

flap- brinds its own supply of blood- used to cover noon vascualrised tissue- boen and tenodn

Question 8

What is compartmnt syndrome?

Answer 8

increased pressure within muscle comparemtn due to fracture, crush or reperfusion

bleeding, sweleing, pain

leg may become pulseness, pallor and paraesthesis

need to release the fascia surrodungin the leg

Question 9

how are tendonds repaired?

Answer 9

stiching

Question 10

what are the symptoms of a ruptured achilles tendon?

Answer 10

sudden pain

difficulty walking

snapping pain

signs- loss of plantar flexion- unabelt o stand on toes

Question 11

Femoral nerve Damage ? cause and sensory and motor deficit?

Answer 11

injury- psoteriro hip dislocation, hip surgeyr, laceration

sensation- anterior thigh, medial leg (saphenous nerve)

Motor- quadrricpes (knee extnsion)

Question 12

Sciatic nerve cause of injury? sesnation and motor deficits as a resulkt?

Answer 12

injury- posteriro hip dislcoartion ,laceration, hip surgery

sesnroy- non sensory branches to the thigh

motor- hip extesnion/ knee flexion (back of le muscles)

Question 13

causes of inury to the tibial nerve (or compression)- result to snesory and motor?

Answer 13

injruy- fractures- dislcoation to knee or ankle, compression baker cuyst or tarsal tunnel

Sensory- loss of sensation to sole of foot

motor- ankle planta flexion- toe flexion

tibia nevre is a branch of sciatic nerve along with common peoneal nerve

Question 14

most common injury that leads to damage to the Peroneal nerve in the leg? what motor / snesoyr deficits result from dmaage to peroneal nerve?

Answer 14

fracutre to head of fibular

sensation- 2 thrisd of lateral leg, Dorsum of foot (excpet first web space)

Motor- ankle eversion

Question 15

what sensosry and motor deficit sill result from damage to to the deep peroneal nerve?

Answer 15

sensory- drosum of ffoot- 1st webspace

motor- ankle dorsiflecion, toe extension

result- stub toe, foot drop

Question 16

what is meralgia parathetica?

Answer 16

common in lateral cutaneous nerve of thigh- numbness tingling and burning in the anterio lateral of the thigh

compression or diopathic

external- seat belt, pregnancy, obesity, tool belt

Question 17

what is tarsal tunnel sydnrome

Answer 17

tarsal tunnel covered by flexor retinaculum

Posteriro tibial nerve compression

sensation to sole of foot changes (tingling or pain