ultimate power in the UK remains with the Westminister parliament

Question 1

Parliamentary Sovereignty

Answer 1

Rwanda Bill 2024

The Miller I (2017) Parliament muist vote for Brexit

Question 2

Devolved Powers Are Statutory, Not Sovereign

Answer 2

Scotland Act 1998 gave powers to Holyrood, but sovereignity remains with westminister

Westminster intervened in NI abortion law and same-sex marriage during Stormont’s suspension in 2019.

Question 3

Control Over the Constitution

Answer 3

Parliament passed the Fixed-term Parliaments Act (2011), then repealed it in 2022

Question 4

International Obligations Limit Parliament’s Freedom

Answer 4

Brexit agreements like the Northern Ireland Protocol bind the UK to EU regulations in certain areas, regardless of Parliament’s wishes.

Human rights laws via the European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR)

Question 5

Devolution Has Shifted Real Power

Answer 5

Scotland controls key areas like health, education, and justice.

During COVID-19, Scotland had its own lockdown rules, separate from Westminster. (locklowns were longer, took a more cautious approach)

Question 6

Growing Judicial Oversight

Answer 6

Miller 1 (pass Brexit using royal prerogative) and 2 (suspend parliament for 5 weeks before brexit) rulings showed that executive power (acting on Parliament’s behalf) is not above legal challenge.