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SF1-3 > UL1 Pectoral/introduction To Axilla > Flashcards

UL1 Pectoral/introduction To Axilla Flashcards

1
Q

What are the confines of the mammary glands

A

Superficial fascia and into the the axilla/armpit

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2
Q

What do the suspensory ligaments do

A

Act as walls to sepparate the breast into 15-20 lobes that contain milk glands

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3
Q

How does milk drain

Duct

A

Via the lactiferous duct

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4
Q

What is a lobectomy

A

A procedure to remove a single lobe

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5
Q

What is the retromammary space

Clinical relavence

A

A layer of loose connective tissue separating the breast from the deep fascia that allows for movement of the breast

Tumors can invade the deep fascia and pastoralists major leading to fixation of the breast to the thoracic wall

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6
Q

What is the blood supply to the mammary gland

A
  1. Internal thoracic artery (from the subclavian)
  2. Lateral thoracic artery (axillary artery)
  3. Thoracoacromial artery (axillary artery)
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7
Q

Lymph drainage tot he mammary gland:

Anterior and Parasternal nodes

A

Anterior nodes drain the lateral breast and receive 75% of the lymph from the breast

Parasternal Nodes: drain the medial breast and receive 25% of the lymph from the breast

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8
Q 
Pectoralis major
O
I
N
A
A

O:
clavicular head=clavicle
Sternocostal head=sternum and costal cartilages 1-6
I: lateral lip of the bicipital groove (intertubercular sulcus of humerous)
N: lateral+medial pectoral nerves (from brachial plexus)
A: medially rotate arm/adduct arm

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9
Q 
Pecroralis minor
O
I
A
N
A

O: 3-5th ribs near cartilages
I: corocoid process of the scapula
A: depresses scapula: elevates ribs of origin to assist in respiration when the shoulder is fixed
N: medial pectoral

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10
Q 
Serratus anterior
O
I
A
N
A

O: upper 8 ribs
I: medial border of the scapula
A: rotates scapula: draws scapula forward around the thoracic wall: holds the scapula against the thoracic wall
N: long thoracic (nerve to the serratus anterior)

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11
Q 
Subclavius
O
I
A
N
A

O: 1st costal cartillage
I: inferior surface of the clavicle
A: anchors and depresses clavicle during upper limb movements

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12
Q

Winged scapula

Clinical correlation

A

Results from damage to the long thoracic nerve and the serratus anterior no longer holds the scapula to the thoracic wall

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13
Q

What does the claviopectoral fascia do

A
  1. Invests pectoralis minor and subclavius muscles

2. Protects underlying nerves of brachial plexus and axillary vessels

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14
Q

What structures pierce the claviopectoral fascia

A
  1. Cephalic vein
  2. Thoracoacromial artery
  3. Lateral pectoral nerve
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15
Q

Claviopectoral triangle contents, borders, and what protects it

A

Contents: cephalic vein and tip of the coracoid process of scapula
Borders: deltoid, pectoralis major, and the clavicle
Protected by: pectoral fascia

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16
Q

Posterior border of the axilla

A
  1. Scapula
  2. Subscapularis
  3. Insertion of latissimus dorsi
  4. Teres major
17
Q

Lateral border of the axilla

A
  1. Intertubercular groove of he humerous
18
Q

Medial border of the axilla

A
  1. Upper 4-5 ribs
  2. Intercostal muscles
  3. Serratus anterior muscle
19
Q

Anterior border of the axilla

A
  1. Pectoralis major

2. Pectoralis minor

20
Q

Axillary artery 3 divisions

A

1st: begins at the lateral margin of rib 1
2nd part lies underneath the pectoralis minor
3rd part ends at inferior margin of teres major

21
Q

Branches of the axillary artery

1st part 1 branch

A

1st part branch 1: superior thoracic artery

22
Q

Branches of the axillary artery

2nd part 2 branches

A

2nd part 1st branch: thoracoacromial artery

2nd part 2nd branch: lateral thoracic artery

23
Q

Branches of the axillary

3rd part has 3 branches

A

3 part first branch
Subscapular artery which branches to the
1 circumflex scapular artery
2 thoracodorsal artery

2nd branch: anterior circumflex numeral artery

3rd branch: posterior circumflex numeral artery

24
Q

Axillary vein location and branches

A

Located medial to the axillary artery
Branches into cephalic vein
Becomes the basilic vein in the arm

25
Q

What do the humeral nodes drain

A

The upper arm

26
Q

What do the subscapular nodes drain

A

Posterior wall of the axilla

27
Q

What do the pectoral nodes drain

A

Drain the anterior wall of the axilla including the lateral breast

28
Q

What do the central nodes do

A

Receive lymph from the humeral, subscapular, and pectoral nodes

29
Q

What do the apical nodes do

A

Receive lymph from the central nodes

30
Q

What do the apical nodes drain to

A

Subclavicual nodes

31
Q

What do the subclavian nodes drain to

A

The subclavian lymph trunk

SF1-3 (6 decks)

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