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SF1-3 > UL 5 Anterior And Posterior Forearm > Flashcards

UL 5 Anterior And Posterior Forearm Flashcards

1
Q

Anterior view of the carpal bones proximal row, medial to lateral
SLTP

A 
SLTP
Scaphoid 
Lunate
Triquetrum
Pisiform
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2
Q

Anterior view of carpal bones medial to lateral

distal row

A 
TTCH
Trapezium
Trapezoid
Capitate
Hamate
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3
Q

Which is greater adduction of the hand or abduction

A

Adduction is greater due to the longer length of the radius than the ulna

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4
Q

Scaphoid fracture

Clinical correlate

A

Fracture through the middle of the scaphoid disrupts blood supply to the proximal half of the scaphoid resulting in ischemic necrosis

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5
Q

Contents of the carpal tunnel

A

FDS,
Medial nerve
FDP
FPL

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6
Q

Adduction of the hand

A

Medial movement of the hand

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7
Q

Abduction of the hand at the wrist joint

A

Lateral movement of the hand

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8
Q

Flexion of the hand at the wrist joint

A

Anterior movement of the hand

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9
Q

Extension of the hand at the wrist joint

A

Posterior movement of the hand

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10
Q

What are the 4 superficial muscles of the anterior compartment of the arm
And what is their common attachment

A
  1. Pronator teres
  2. Flexor Capri radiallis
  3. Palmaris longus
  4. Flexor Capri ulnaris

All attach to the medial epicondyle of the humerus

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11
Q 
Pronator teres
O
I
A
N
A

O: medial epicondyle of the humerus and the coronoid process of the ulna
I: lateral radius mid shaft
A: pronate the forearm
N: median nerve

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12
Q 
Flexor carpi radialis
O
I
A
N
A

O: medial epicondyle of the humerus
I: base of the 2nd metacarpal and sometimes the 3rd
A: flex and abduct the wrist joint
N: median nerve

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13
Q 
Palmaris longus
O
I
A
N
Absent in about 15% of the population
A

O: medial epicondyle of the humerus
I: palmar aponeurosis
A: flexes the wrist
N: median nerve

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14
Q 
Flexor carpi ulnaris
O
I
A
N
A

O: medial epicondyle of the humerus
I: pisiform, hook of hamate, base of the 5th metacarpal
A: flex and adduct wrist joint
N: ulnar nerve

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15
Q 
Anterior forearm intermediate group
Flexor digitorum superficialis
O
I
A
N
A

Travels through the carpal tunnel
O: medial epicondyle of the humerus and the radius
I: sides of the middle phalanges of digits 2-5 and each tendon splits into two slips
A: flexes wrist, MCP, PIP joints of digits 2-5
N: medial nerve

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16
Q

Anterior forearm deep group

What 3 muscles and which ones pass through the carpal tunnel

A
  1. Flexor digitorum profundus
  2. Flexor policies longus
  3. Pronator quadratus

And the FDP and FPL pass through the carpal tunnel

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17
Q 
Flexor digitorum profundus
O
I
A
N
A

O: ulna and the IO membrane
I: distal phalanges of digits 2-5 and each tendon goes through the splits of FDS
A: flex wrist, MCP, IP, and DIP joints of digits 2-5
N: median nerve(lateral) ulnar nerve (medial)

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18
Q 
Flexor policis longus
O
I
A
N
A

O: midshaft of the radius and the IO membrane
I: distal phalanges of thumb
A: flex MCP and IP joints of the thumb
N: median nerve

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19
Q

What muscles have a digital synovial sheath covering their tendons

A

FDS and FDP

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20
Q

The FDP passes through the split tendons of what muscle

A

FDS

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21
Q 
Pronator quadratus
O
I
A
N
A

O: distal ulna
I: distal radius
A: pronate the hand
N: median nerve

22
Q

What 1.5 muscles does the ulnar nerve innervate in the anterior compatment

A

Flexor carpi ulnaris and the medial half of the flexor digitorum profundus

23
Q

Course of the median nerve in the forearm

A
  1. Passes bt the 2 heads of pronator teres
  2. Passes between FDS and FDP and innervates most muscles of the anterior compartment.
  3. Anterior interosseus muscle is a branch that supplies deep muscles
  4. Located between flexor carpi radialis and FDS covered by palmaris longus at the wrist
  5. Gives off the palmar cutaneous branch to the proximal lateral 2/3 of the palm
  6. Passes through the carpal tunnel to enter the palm
24
Q

Relation of the median nerve to the tendons of the proximal wrist

A

Located below the flexor retinaculum, medial to the flexor policus longus, and lateral to the flexor digitorum superficialis

25
Q

Course of the ulnar nerve in the forearm

A
  1. Passes post to the medial epicondyle of the humerus
  2. Passes bt the 2 heads of flexor carpi ulnaris
  3. Innervates medial 1.5 muscles of the anterior forearm
  4. Gives off a dorsal cutaneous branch to dorsi of the medial 1/3 of the hand
  5. Passes superficial to the flexor retinaculum at the wrist and lateral tot he pisiform
  6. Gives off a palmar cutaneous branch to innervate the proximal 1/3 of the palm of the hand
  7. Enters the palm of the hand
26
Q

Look at slide 29 on the forearm lecture

A

Look at slide 29 on the forearm lecture

27
Q

What is the site of the radial pulse?

A

The radial artery lateral to the tendon of the flexor carpi radialis muscle

28
Q

Posterior muscles of the superficial group

A
  1. Ext. carpi radialis longus
  2. Ext. carpi radialis brevis
  3. Extensor digitorum
  4. Extensor digiti minimi
  5. Extensor carpi ulnaris
  6. Anconeus
29
Q 
Brachioradialis 
O
I
A
N
And significance
A

O: lateral supercondylar ridge of the humerus
I: styloid process of the radius
A: flex elbow fro the mid-prone position
N: radial nerve

It is the lateral border between he anterior and posterior compartments

It is a forearm flexor but it is innervated by the ulna

30
Q 
Extensor carpi radialis longus
O
I
A
N
A

O: lateral supercondylar ridge of the humerus
I: base of the 2 metacarpal
A: extend and abduct wrist joint
N: radial nerve

31
Q 
Extensor carpi radialis brevis
O
I
A
N
A

O: lateral epicondyle of the humerus
I: base of the 3 metacarpal
A: extend and abduct the wrist
N: radial nerve

32
Q 
Extensor digitorum
O
I
A
N
Unique trait
A

O: lateral epicondyle of the humerus
I: dorsal digital expansion on the middle and distal phalanges of digits 2-5
A: extend wrist joint, extend digits 2-5 at MCP, PIP, and DIP joints
N: radial nerve

Tendons sprint into a central slip that inset os middle phalanx and two side slips that insert on the distal phalanx

33
Q

Mallet finger

A

Rupturing of the side slips of extensor digitorum that inserts on the distal phalanx of fingers due to hyperflexion of the DIP joint

34
Q

Boutonnière deformity

A

Result of hyperflexion of PIP joint and hyperextension of the DIP joint due to trauma of the Dortmund of the finger

Ruptured extensor expansion to the middle phalanx at the PIP joint

35
Q 
Extensor digiti minimi
O
I
A
N
A

O: lateral epicondyle of the humerus
I: tendon joins extensor expansion of the 5th finger to insert on the middle phalanx and central phalanx
A: extend wrist joint, extend digit 5 at the MCP, PIP, and DIP
N: radial nerve

36
Q 
Extensor carpi ulnaris
O
I
A
N
A

O: lateral epicondyle of the humerus
I: base of the 5th metacarpal
A: extend wrist joint and adduct the wrist
N: radial nerve

37
Q 
Aconeus
O
I
A
N
A

O: lateral epicondyle of the humerus
I: olecranon of the ulna
A: assist in the extension of the forearm
N: radial nerve

38
Q

Posterior forearm
Deep group
5 muscles

A
  1. Abductor policis longus
  2. Extensor policis brevis
  3. Extensor policis longus
  4. Extensor indices
  5. Supinator
39
Q 
Abductor policis longus
O
I
A
N
A

O: ulna and io membrane
I: base of the 1st metacarpal
A: abducts the thumb
N: radial nerve

40
Q 
Extensor policis brevis
O
I
A
N
A

O: interosseous membrane
I: base of the proximal phalanx of the thumb
A: extends the proximal phalanx of the thumb
N: radial nerve

41
Q 
Extensor policis longus
O
I
A
N
A

O: ulna and the IO membrane
I: base of the phalanx of the thumb
A: extends the distal phalanx of the thumb
N: radial nerve

42
Q 
Extensor indicis 
O
I
A
N
A

O: ulna and the IO
I: extensor expansion of index finger
A: extends the index finger
N: radial nerve

43
Q 
Supinator
O
I
A
N
A

O: lateral epicondyle of the humerus
I: upper lateral radius
A: supination of the forearm
N: radial nerve

44
Q

Terminal branches of the radial nerve

2 branches

A
  1. Superficial branch of the radial nerve
    -descends in the anterior forearm deep to the brachioradialis
    -passes laterally to the posterior compartment near the wrist
    -sensory only to dorsolateral hand and dorsal sides of proximal part of the lateral 3 digits
    (Lateral)
  2. Deep branch of the radial nerve
    -motor to most muscles of the posterior compartment
    (Medial)
45
Q

What i the radial nerve called once it passes between the two alters of the supinator muscles

A

The posterior interosseus nerve

46
Q

What is a landmark for the superficial branch of the radial nerve

A

It descends deep to the brachioradialis and is a sensory nerve only to dorsolateral hand and dorsal side of the proximal part of the lateral 3 digits

47
Q

Ulnar artery branches where and what does it become to supply the posterior portion of the forearm

A

Branches behind the interosseus membrane to become the posterior interosseus artery to supply the deep posterior forearm

48
Q

What makes up the anatomical snuffbox
3 borders
Contents

A
  1. Extensor pollicis longus
  2. Abductor pollicis longus
  3. Extensor pollicis brevis

Scaphoid and trapezium in the floor
Radial artery

49
Q

Fall on outstretched hand

FOOSH

A

Can fracture the scaphoid bone and clinically presents as pain, tenderness, and swelling in the anatomical snuffbox

50
Q

Damage to the radial nerve in the radial groove

A

Wrist drop

And sensory loss to the hand dorasally to the 1-3 digits

SF1-3 (6 decks)

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