UKs PHYSICAL evolving landscape Flashcards
Geology
Rock type
Carbon dating
Uses radioactive testing to find the age of rocks which contained living material
Erosion
Wearing away the landscape
Upland
Mountainous/hilly landscape mostly consisting of igneous and metamorphic rocks what are older and more resistant
Lowland
Flatter landscapes mostly consisting of younger and less resistant sedimentary rocks
Abrasion
The scratching and scraping of a river bed and banks by the stones and sand in a liver
Antecedent rainfall
The amount of moisture already in the ground before rainfall
Arch
a curved passage through a headland created when a cave which was
eventually broken througn by erosion
Attrition
the wearing
away of particles of debris by the action of other
particles, such as river or beach pebbles
Backwash
the flow of water back to the sea after waves break on a beach
Bar
an accumulation of sediment that grows across the mouth of a bay,
caused by longshore dritt
Beach profile
the shape of a beach resulting from how waves break
Berm
Deposited sand formation
Channel
The bed and banks of a river
Concordant
coasts) follow the ridges and valleys of the land, so the rock strata
is parallel to the coastline
Constructive waves
build beaches by pushing sand and pebbles further up the beach
Cost benefit area
looking at all the costs of a project, social and environmental as
well as economic, and deciding whether it is worth going ahead
Class profile
shows a cross section of a river’s channel and valley at certain points in the river’s course
Delta
a low-lying area at the mouth of a river where a river deposits so
much sediment it extends beyond the coastline
Destructive waves
waves which erode beaches
Discharge
the volume of water flowing in a river, measured in cupic metres
per second
Discordant
(coasts) alternate between bands of hard rocks and soft rocks, so
Dissipate
means to reduce wave eneroy, which is absorbed as waves pass
througn, or over, sea delences
Dredging
througn, or over, sea delences
digging out drainage ditches and rivers to make them artificially
deeper
Dry valley
Valleys where rivers once’s flowed
Estuary
Where the river meets the sea
Fetch
the length of water over which the wind has blown, affecting the
size and strength of waves
Flood plain
flat land around a river that gets flooded when the river overflows
Glaciated
Formed or once covered by glaciers or ice sheets