UK Urban Areas Flashcards
Population Density
The number of people per square kilometre
What caused city populations to change?
Change of industry Migration Tourism Natural Increase Opportunities (or lack of) Industrial decline (UK steel industry) Services (or lack of)
Birmingham Location
West midlands
Near the geographic centre of England
Crossing points of the national railway and motorway systems.
110 miles NW of London
Architecture
Capital of UK modern architecture
recognition of the area
Library, Grand Central Station, Selfridges
Shopping
£150 million- 50,000 shoppers each day
34 million people each year
more than 60 new shops and 1000 new jobs
Shopping built around transport hubs
Tourism
37.2 million people visit each year
The Mailbox is popular
Rise of 9.4% in people count since 2016
Transport
New Street Station
Midland Metro (zero emission tram system)
International airport, more destinations than any other in the UK
How much did HSBC invest in the headquarters in the UK and where is it located?
£200 million
Centenary Square
Impacts of Migration
Cultural Diversity
Resources, Traditional clothing, Food, Services, etc.
Business chains such as the Balti Triangle
Race Riot
2005 between Asian and Afro-Caribbean in the Lozells area
Negative Impacts of migration
racism prejudice persecution segregation High crime rate Additional services required Fill the lower value housing, increase homelessness Translators may be needed
Urban Change In Birmingham
Changes to the demographic in Birmingham created social opportunities.
Derelict grounds being utilised, increase in jobs
Service sector jobs- more industry, more jobs
Better transport
Cultural Diversity
Recreation and Entertainment
Library
Restaurants
Symphony Hall
Integrated Transport System
M6, M5 and M42, improvements to junctions
Midland Metro- link to airport and major suburban areas (Solihull)
New cyclist routes
Train tram
20,000 jobs from HS2
Environmental Opportunities: Urban Greening
Green walls- plants planted on metal sheets surrounding structures Conversion of brownfield sites All green areas provide habitats Vegetated areas reduce flood risk Try to link green spaces with hedgerows Green roofs
Tram
Opened in 1999, made using existing links
reducing congestion in the city centre
5 million journeys made in 2011 and 2012
Trains
3 major stations
New Street has undergone £600 million in redevelopment.
300,000 people each day
Birmingham Big City Plan
Eastside City Park Reduce Flood Risk Synergistic-work together connected green areas Urban brook courses
Edgbaston
Sparkbrook
better quality housing
worse quality housing- 78% non-white British ethnicity
Growth of Birmingham
5 times faster
Only 780 houses were built in 2013
bringing the total to 430,000. Only a 0.18% rise from 2015-16.
Population grew by 10,000
Dereliction
The state of having been abandoned and became dilapidated.
Brownfield
A previously developed piece of land now available for re-development
Greenfield
An undeveloped piece of land with proposed first time development.
