Uk's evolving physical landscape

Question 1

NATIONAL PARK

Answer 1

it is protected.

Question 2

The Upland landscape of the Yorkshire Dales results from 3 main factors:

Answer 2

Geology (rock type)
Past Tectonic Processes
Glaciation (ice)

Question 3

Sedimentary Rock

Answer 3

Formed of small particles that have been eroded, transported and deposited in layers. Vary in resistanceMillstone Grit
Carboniferous Limestone 
Chalk 
Sandstone
Clay

Question 4

Igneous

Rock

Answer 4

Created by volcanic activity when magma or lava cools, forming rocks made of crystals that are usually hard. ResistantGranite
Basalt

Question 5

Metamorphic Rock

Answer 5

These are existing rocks that have been changed by extreme pressure or heat. They are usually comprised of layers or bands of crystals and are very hard. Fairly resistant. Slate
Schists
Gneiss
Marble

Question 6

To the North and West of this line are the older, generally harder rocks includingigneousandmetamorphic rocks. The areas to the north and west of the line also have a generally wetter climate because the land is upland.

Answer 6

To the south and east of the line, the landscape, whilst not always flat is certainly lower in altitude with softer, younger sedimentary rocks.

Question 7

After the last Ice Age:

Answer 7

The North and West of the UK:
Glaciers ‘bulldozed’ V shaped valleys into U-shaped valleys between mountains of North Wales, the Lake District and the Scottish Highlands, forming today’s upland glacial landscapes. Glaciers melted to form Ribbon Lakes and Waterfalls

The East of England:
When the last Ice Age ended 11,700 years ago the ice retreated, leaving behind deposits of clay and boulders in lowland areas like East Anglia (Norfolk and Suffolk)

Question 8

What human activities can change and shape a landscape?

Answer 8

Agriculture (farming)
Crops and animals

Forestry

Building settlements and infrastructure

Question 9

Ae, Scotland – Forestry

- what is the impact of human activity

Answer 9

Jobs created, money spent in local area, community created, habitats created in the woodland
Coniferous trees are not the indigenous trees, not a large range of ways to make money, young people may leave (brain drain)

Question 10

Yorkshire Dales, Pennines (Upland area) – sheep farming, tourism, quarrying and settlements

Answer 10

Money/jobs created from a wide range of jobs, farming and settlements create a beautiful landscape for tourism (creates further income)
Tourism, settlements and quarrying create traffic issues on narrow country roads, some people may not want to work in these industries so leave the area. Second home ownership make increase ouse prices and locals cant afford it.

Question 11

East Anglia (Lowland area) – crop farming, settlements

Answer 11

Farming creates a pretty landscape for many to enjoy, farming creates habitats
Hedgerows can be removed to make the fields larger but habitats lost. Chemicals can be used in farming which affects wildlife and local streams.

Question 12

Explain how human activity has influenced the UK’s physical landscapes? (4 marks)

Answer 12

Need to give two types of human activity, and explain how they have influenced the landscapes seen.
Max. of 3 marks if there is no specific detail

Human activities could include:
Agriculture
Forestry
Settlement
Mining
Tourism

e.g. In the Pennines –located detail one human activity is agriculture. The limestone there, on the valley sides made excellent building stone, so did the boulders and rocks left by the river of melting glaciers in the valley bottoms (1) –stated the human activity. By clearing stones from the valley bottom, the settlers improved the land for farming, and built dry stone walls as field boundaries (2) -explained human influence