Uk Physical Geography Flashcards
Where is the prevailing wind direction in the uk?
Prevailing wind direction is in the south west of England so more long shore drift occurs there
What is solution?
Solution is when dissolved particles are carried along with the flow
What is mechanical weathering?
Mechanical weathering, the most common one is freeze thaw this is when water gets in cracks in the rock and freezes the water expands. When the ice melts the pieces of rock fall off
Where was England glaciated up to?
England was glaciated from the north down to London, but the areas south of London were still frozen
What are faults?
Larger cracks in rock which are exploited to create stacks,stumps,arches etc.
What causes v shaped valleys?
Water erodes v shaped valleys between two mountainous areas
What is traction?
Traction is the movement of boulder rolled along the coast by the waves
What are joints?
Small cracks in rock
What are coniferous trees?
Coniferous trees are evergreen with thin needles e.g pine, cedar and yew trees
What are the characteristics of hard rock?
Hard rocks are impermeable are resistant to all types of weathering, form rugged platforms like headlands, wave cut platforms, caves, stacks, stumps and arches
What is saltation?
Saltation is the movement of smaller sand and rock along the coast with the flow of the water
What are the characteristics of soft rock?
Soft rock is susceptible to all types of weathering and form soft rock landscapes such as bays
What is backwash?
Backwash is the destructive wave that caries sand and gravel at 90 degrees to the coast due to the force of gravity
What is swash?
Swash is the constructive wave that moves sediment along the coast in the same angle
How are u shaped valleys formed?
Since England underwent glaciation glacial processes formed u shaped valleys
What are deciduous trees?
Deciduous trees are trees that drop leaves and grow dormant during winter (the UK is mainly deciduous trees). For example elm trees and maple trees
What is biological weathering?
Biological weathering is the weathering due to living organisms e.g roots get in cracks of rock and as they grow the cracks get bigger.
How is sediment transported?
Sediment is transported vis traction,saltation, suspension and solution
What is chemical weathering?
Chemical weathering is when the makeup of the rock is changed e.g feldspar in granite becomes soft clay minerals and carried along by the flow. Calcium carbonate or limestone is weathered by carbonation whereby carbon dioxide in the air reacts with the limestone to make calcium bicarbonate which is carried away by the water as solution
What is the difference between weathering and erosional processes?
Weathering occurs in situ whereas erosional process have to physically come into contact with water
