Uk In The 21st Century Flashcards
How is population density a characteristic of the uk
-Predicted to reach 70million by 2030
-high life expectancy
-more immigration, natural increase is high
How is land use a characteristic of the uk
-Variety of land, most for farming
-Arable farmland 20%, south east, dry climate
-Urban areas, urban sprawl, population growth
How is rainfall and relief a characteristic of the uk
-Most rainfall in north west, mountainous terrain
-Relief rainfall forces moist air upwards, released as rainfall
-Rain shadow on other side of mountain
How do the UKs characteristics cause water stress
-More rainfall in north and west, high demands in south east
- Water transfer schemes and resivoirs are expensive
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How does the UKs characteristics cause housing shortages
-240,000 houses needed only half are being built
-Prices are rising
-Green belt areas are a restriction and land price is increasing
Demographic Transition Model (DTM)
1- high birth rate, death rate changes
2- high birth rate, death rate falls, natural increase
3- birth rate and death date fall, change is rapid
4- low birth and death rate, little change
5- low birth rate, high death rate, natural decrease
Uk is in stage 4, economically developed
Distribution of an ageing population in the uk
-18% population over 65
-high in coastal areas east and south west
- low in cities
Causes of an ageing population in the uk
-lots of people born after ww2, now old
-improved healthcare, lifestyle, longer life
Effects of an ageing population in the uk
-cost of healthcare increases, older people more to treat
-shortages of spaces in care homes
-older people spend money on travel, boost economy
Responses to an ageing population in the uk
-government pension bonds, older people save money, benefit from interest
-pensioners receive financial support with heating and transport
-more immigration provides workforce needed
Joe population and ethnic diversity had changed in a city since 2001
-london, 37% of population born in another country increasing since
-driven by Caucasian, Asian and African communities
How have political priorities caused economic changes since 2001
-until 2007 economy increased, investment in education and technology
-after uk entered recession, focus on decreasing debt in 2010 elections
How does the change in employment sectors change the economy
-increase in quaternary sector, decrease in secondary
-increase in professional and technical jobs
-manufacturing decreased, cheap labour abroad
How have working hours changed the economy
- 3rd highest working hour figure in eu
- fathers work fewer hours to care for children
- mothers in full time work has increased
What’s a pattern about cote uk economic hubs
-areas of economic and innovative success near universities
