UK government policy and regeneration Flashcards
What was the regeneration policy between 1950 and 1980?
Regional Policy and New Towns.
Grants were directed at depressed regions, supported by new road development and the movement of government jobs out of London into the regions. New towns were built as inner city slums were cleared.
What was the regeneration policy between 1980 and 2000?
Urban Development Corporations (UDCs) and Single Regeneration Budget (SRB).
Focus on inner-city regeneration in deindustrialised areas in northern cities and London, led by quangos which were free from local council control and many normal planning regulations.
What was the regeneration policy between 1998 and 2010?
Regional Development Agencies (RDAs)
Regeneration was led by RDAs which decided how to spend government grants within large regions, like the North East and South West.
What is the regeneration policy since 2010?
Local Enterprise Partnerships (LEPs)
A much more local policy, focused on regeneration and job creation in specific small areas. There were about 40 LEPs in England in 2015.
What is a quango?
A quango (quasi-autonomous non-governmental organisation) is an organisation given the task that might be expected to be done by government. They are government funded, but act independently.
What is the North-South divide?
The North-South divide is the difference in wealth between the industrial North, Midlands and North West and the more prosperous South and East of the UK.
How has national infrastructure investment try to reduce the North-South divide?
The UK motorway network,begun in the 1950s, has attempted to reduce road travel times between regions.
The proposed High Speed Rail network between London, Birmingham, Liverpool, Manchester and Leeds is a planned attempt to connect the poorer regions to the economic core in London and the South East.
Since the 1960s, there has been considerable investment in regional airports like Newcastle, Manchester and Glasgow.
What are planning policies?
Planning policies are laws that regulate what can be built and where. They aim to prevent random, unplanned development that would harm the natural environment and create transport chaos.
What are affordable homes?
Affordable homes are those, usually for rent, which can be afforded by families on low incomes.
What was the shortage of homes in the UK in 2016?
About 500,000
How many homes have to be built per year to meet the current demand in the UK?
240,000
What could be the causes of the shortage of homes in the UK?
Immigration
Deregulation
Second homes and holiday homes
How has immigration led to a shortage of homes?
Large-scale immigration from the EU, especially since 2004, contributed to increasing the UK population from 59 million in 2001 to 63 million in 2011.
How has deregulation led to a shortage of homes?
The UK is very open to foreign investment, including foreign people and companies buying property. In 2016, the Guardian estimated that 40,000 London properties were owned by offshore tax havens. These properties may not be lived in, or even rented.
How have second homes and holiday homes increase shortage of homes?
There are few restriction in the UK on people buying houses to rent out. In some rural areas a large percentage of houses may not be available to local people.
