UK Glaciated Upland Area — Lake District

Question 1

National Park

Answer 1

18.41 million visitors/year;
27.19 million tourist days;
Visitors spend £1.3 billion

Question 2

Natural Attractions

Answer 2

Lake Windermere: Largest national freshwater lake

Question 3

Cultural Attraction

Answer 3

Beatrix Potter’s house, waterspouts (eg, kayaking)

Question 4

Social Impacts of Tourism

Answer 4

• Local residents vs National Park Authority (change windows to double-glazed but cannot to preserve traditional appearance);
• Tourists vs Local residents (noise, congestion, traffic);
• Tourists vs Farmers (footpath erosion, leaving gates open)

Question 5

Economic Impacts of Tourism

Answer 5

+ Locals earn income from tourist shops and B&Bs;
+ More jobs and employment in area;
- Tourists buy second houses which increase house prices for locals who cannot afford them;
- Basic necessities for locals become too expensive

Question 6

Environmental Impacts of Tourism

Answer 6

• Tourists litter, and more cars = more pollution;
• Water sports disrupting aquatic habitats;
• Tourists stray off footpaths, damaging crops and disrupting habitats and wildlife

Question 7

Strategies to Manage Impacts of Tourism

Answer 7

+ National Trust: restore and maintain footpaths (sub-soiling - hard-wearing, low maintenance, cost effective, no transport of materials - rocks);
+ Public transport —> reduce congestion, pollution, noise;
+ Restricted parking zones —> minimize environmental impact;
+ Management = more jobs
- Estimated in 1999, £5 million to restore all 145 footpaths — take 10 years;
- Expensive and time-consuming;
- Sub-soiling requires experience, skilled drivers, special machinery