Uk Changing Economy Flashcards
What is a post industrial economy?
Where the manufacturing industry declines and is replaced by the service sector and developments in the quaternary sector.
What is an example of a post industrial economy
Uk
How is the Uk moving towards a post industrial economy?
IT, Finance, Research and Development, Science/Business Parks are growing rapidly
By 2015 how many people in the Uk were employed in the tertiary sector?
78%
What does internet allow people to do>
Work from home
What is finance important for?
The growing service sector
London is the worlds leading centre for financial services
How many people are employed in the quaternary sector?
250,000
What does Google do?
Organise the worlds information and make it accessible to all
Must have a background in IT
Jobs include software engineer,HR, innovation lead etc.
Have pensions, sick leave, life insurance
Earn $124,000 a year
Hace a 8 hr work policy where you can’t spend to long working - have to explore
What do BAS (British Antarctic Survey) do?
Conduct polar research enabling better research of global issues
Nee full apprenticeship and NUQ in icy terrain
Jobs include biologist, chemist, electrician, it, chef, engineer
What do the BBC do?
The are a British public service broadcaster
Earn 37,000 a year + free international travel
What do Marks an Spencer do?
Retailer of goods, clothes and household items
In tertiary sector
What’s a science park?
A group of scientific and knowledge based businesses located in one area
What’s a business park?
Area of land occupied by many different businesses
What are the benefits of Surrey research park?
Excellent links to the A3 - encourages businesses to locate and share expertise
Linked to university of Surrey - provide academic talent
Attractive woodland- improves well-being supports heath while reducing things like flooding
Assists economic growth as it provides jobs and means TNCs invest in education
Howe is the Uk economy changing ?
Significant shift from primary sector (agriculture) to tertiary (service) and quaternary (education and information) sector
Why has the uk economy changed?
Deindustrialisation, government policies and globalisation
Why has de-industrialisation occurred?
Modern technology has replaced people
Other countries can produce goods more cheaply (cheaper labour))
Lack of investment from the government- high labour costs make production expensive
What was Clement Attlee’s government policy?
Nationalism - when government buy and run a business for the benefit of the country
What was Margaret Thatcher’s government policy
Privatisation- when businesses owned by the government are sold to individuals to run - promotes a competitive business environment
What is Boris Johnson’s government policy/
Rebalancing - diversifying the economy so we are less dependant on just one industry
What is globalisation?
Creating a more connected world with international movement of people, goods and Ideas
What has globalisation helped?
The development of communications and transport eg. The internet
The growth of the quaternary sector- many working on global brands and products
Boosted trade and allowed one to be imported - causes manufacturing to decline
Give an example of a modern industrial development which is becoming more sustainable?
Nestle, Fawdon
What does Nestle manufacture ?
Confectionary like rollos, fruit pastilles and munchies
Where is Nestle located ?
In north east England in Newcastle upon Tyne
What is an anaerobic digester?
Uses waste products from manufacturing- add bacteria to produce biogas to generate electricity’
How much of the factories energy does biogas produce ?
6%
How many solar panels does Nestle have?
1970
How much of he sites total energy do the solar panels produce
1.5% which is the equivalent of powering 125 homes
What is Nestles Carbon reduction target?
40%
What do Nestle encourage?
Use of Electric Vehicles
What have their partnership with Nissan done?
Created EV charging points and gives them a discount
Is south Cambridgeshire an area of rural decline or growth?
Rural growth
Is Outer Hebrides an area of rural decline or growth?
Rural decline
What South Cambridgeshire’s population increase?
+21.3%
What Outer Hebrides’s population decrease?
-40.4%
What are the 4 factors affecting rural areas?
European migration
Ageing Population
Economic Changes
Counter Urbanisation
How does European migration affect rural areas?
People move into the uk from abroad
Fro example 1 million migrants from Poland entered the uk in 1 year
What do European migrants look for?
Low skilled jobs - as there is little competition
What effect has Brexit had on European migrants?
It’s driven out immigrants due to a labour shortage
Why are European migrants important?
They aid economic productivity
What are economic changes and how are they impacting rural areas?
There has been a reduction in the primary sector so more people move out of rural areas into urban areas looking fro work in the tertiary or quaternary sector
What can economic changes do?
Some areas are invigorated de to globalisation and improved communications allowing for people to work from home