UK Case Study

Question 1

What are the four employment sectors?

Answer 1

• Primary-Harvesting raw materials (Farming, Quarrying etc)
• Secondary-Processing the raw materials (Manufacturing,Milling etc)
• Tertiary-Service jobs (Restaurants,Shops)
• Quaternary-Tech jobs

Question 2

How has the UK economy changed?

Answer 2

-Decrease in primary and secondary and increase in tertiary and quaternary

Question 3

Why has the UK economy changed?

Answer 3

• Deindustrialisation
• Globalisation
• Government policy

Question 4

What is deindustrialisation?

Answer 4

-The decline in manufacturing and the growth of tertiary and quaternary sectors in response

Question 5

Why did deindustrialisation occur in the UK?

Answer 5

• Machines replacing people
• LIC’s with cheap labour
• Lack of investment prior

Question 6

What is globalisation?

Answer 6

-Growth and spread of ideas around the world

Question 7

What were the three eras of government policy and what did they entail?

Answer 7

• 1945-1975-State run,Not very profitable,Lots of strikes
• 1979-2010-Privatised,Jobs lost,Modern retail
• 2010 onwards-Rebalancing economy,rebuilding manufacturing,more investment

Question 8

What is a post-industrial economy?

Answer 8

-The economy of many economically developed countries where most employment is now in the service industry

Question 9

What caused the UK’s post-industrial economy?

Answer 9

• Development of IT
• Services and finances
• Research (especially in universities)

Question 10

What are business parks and science parks?

Answer 10

• Purpose built areas often on the edge of densely populated locations
• Science parks are often near university sites
• High tech industries are based there

Question 11

What activities occur in business and science parks?

Answer 11

• Development of IT
• Service industries
• Finance

Question 12

What companies does the Cambridge Business Park have?

Answer 12

HP, Siemens, Santander, P&G, Accenture, IBM and EE.

Question 13

What is Torr Quarry?

Answer 13

-A quarry which is set to be landscaped to be more environmentally friendly

Question 14

How is Torr Quarry going to be made more environmentally friendly?

Answer 14

• Wildlife lakes for recreation and water supply
• Limestone features will remain to keep it natural
• 200 acres around it to be landscaped with trees etc
• Regular monitoring of all forms of pollution
• Rail transport minimises disruption

Question 15

How have rural communities changed?

Answer 15

• Places on the edge of cities are becoming popular so people are moving to the rural areas
• Increases house prices
• Forces young people out of communities leaving an ageing population
• 80% UK car ownership

Question 16

What are two examples of rural change?

Answer 16

• South Cambridgeshire-Low agriculture employment,City migration etc
• Outer Hebrides-Less working-age people,main industry is sheep farming

Question 17

How has the UK’s travel infrastructure been developed?

Answer 17

• Road improvements such as the South West super highway
• Railway improvements such as London Crossrail
• Ports like Liverpool 2
• Airports such as Heathrow terminal 5

Question 18

How are airports important to the UK economy?

Answer 18

• Global Links
• Thousands of jobs and boosts economy
• 300,000 people employed
• 3.6% of UK’s GDP

Question 19

How have the roads in the UK been improved?

Answer 19

• £15.2 billion invested in over a hundred schemes
• Making the network safer contributing to a 40% decrease in deaths and serious injuries
• Supporting the smooth flow of traffic to keep it moving after accidents etc

Question 20

What is the North-South Divide?

Answer 20

-The cultural and economic differences in the North of England and the South

Question 21

What are three aspects that are different between the North and South?

Answer 21

• Government spending per person
• Life expectancy
• Economically successful towns and cities

Question 22

What are the four methods in an attempt to stop the North-South divide?

Answer 22

• Enterprise Zones
• Science parks in the North
• Transport improvement
• Reintroducing infrastructure

Question 23

What are Enterprise Zones and what is an example of one?

Answer 23

• Places with amenities such as discounts and fast broadband to encourage businesses to gather there.
• LANCASHIRE LEP- Created new business and over 50,000 jobs.Aims to set up 400 new businesses.

Question 24

How did Newcastle Helix bring change to the local area?

Answer 24

• Attracted new investment
• Brought high skilled workers
• More money put into the local area due to higher paid jobs.

Question 25

What is HS2?

Answer 25

-A high speed railway designed to connect around thirty million people going from Manchester and Leeds down to London

Question 26

What are the benefits of HS2?

Answer 26

• Capacity will take lorries off the road as more space is freed up for freight trains
• Bring more investment into the North
• Low carbon emissions

Question 27

What is the Toffee factory?

Answer 27

• Located in Newcastle
• Refurbished old factory into luxury offices
• Attracts more business and highly skilled enterprises
• Led to an increase in house prices in the area

Question 28

How is the UK important in the wider world?

Answer 28

• Commonwealth makes it a global trade and finance centre
• Trades a lot with the EU as well
• Maintains high levels of imports and exports

Question 29

What is a trade bloc?

Answer 29

An agreement between countries to reduce trade barriers with participating regions.