Uk And London - Urbanisation Flashcards
Why does the population density in the uk vary
Reasons for High Density :
London in the SE attracts workers
Costal towns like Brighton attract retired people
Conurbations form as cities grow
South wales is populated because it bas lots of natural resources
Sparsely populated:
Low density in the Scottish highlands - cold weather
Mountainous areas have infertile soil and are difficult to traverse
Low density in east anglia as the fertile soil is too important for urban cities
Where is London
London is the capital of England and is located in the South East on the river Thames
England is a part of the UK which can be found in the North west if europe
What is London’s importance to the uk
12.5% if the uks population is in london, while london takes up 0.6% of the uks land
Generates 23.6% of the Uks GDP
5.2 million jobs in london (as of 2017)
What is London’s importance to the rest of the world
2 of the top 10 (in the world) universities are found in london
10th largest capital city
Over 300 languages spoken
Heathrow airport carried 80 million in 2019
Impacts of migration on London
Positive -
More people employed in London + rely on less tax benefits
Contributed £20 billion to UK finances since 2000
More food and cultural variety
Negative -
Friction between host and migrant groups
Lots of overcrowding
1600 racially motivated crimes in 2019
What are some opportunities in London
Employment - 5.2 million people employed in london in 2017 - improves cities productivity - more tax to spend
Transport - 25% of journeys rely on public transport - easy way into work and reduces carbon emissions creating a cleaner and nicer environment
Recreation and entertainment opportunities - over 18,000 restaurants.
Provides people with a place to relax and enjoy thenskeves or even to celebrate with friends.
However many of these are fast food chains which are unhealthy and take away from ither buisness
What are some challenges in London
Unemployment - 4% in bexley → 7% in westminster. This is a problem as it means more people rely on government funding and they are paying less tax
Atmospheric pollution → Pm2.5 concentration in london is 15.7 kg/m3 almost 3X the normal amount. Over 5000 die in london from air pollution each year
Urban sprawl
London has a 1% rate of urbanisation → increases by 1% in size each year. Overtime this will reduce green space and increase overcrowding
Sustainable strategies - energy conservation
Aim for all electricity to be carbon neutral by 2030
Mayor and TFL want greater renewable energy (such as solar and wind)
Sustainable strategies - waste reduction
High recycling rates (Bexley 54%).
Schemes for free drinking water
Foodsave → reducing food and general waste to save money
Protects the environment
Not all waste can be recycled
Sustainable strategies - water conservation
£1 million is invested by Thames water to protect pipes and prevent any problems before they happen.
By saving water there will be more for future generation
Very expensive
Sustainable strategies - urban greening
Greenbelts are areas of land where local authorities choose to restrict buildings
Many cities have designated areas of open space (parks, playing fields etc)
↓amount of space for build
↑Quality of life
