UE muscles (with pictures)

Question 1

Give the origin, insertion, action, and innervation of the muscle pictured

Answer 1

• *Trapezius**
• *Innervation (all):** Cranial nerve XI (accessory nerve) & Ventral rami C2-C4
• *I (descending)**
• *Origin**: Occipital bone (sup nuchal line) & Upper Cervical Spinous Processes (SP) (C1-C3)
• *Insertion**: Lateral 1/3 of clavicle
• *Action**: Up rotation scapula, Elevation scapula, Add / Retraction scapula, Ipsilat Lat Flex Cervical Spine, Contra Rot Cervical spine
• *II (descending)**
• *Origin**: Lower Cervical SP (C4-C7) (via nuchal ligament)
• *Insertion**: Acromion
• *Action**: Same as I

III (transverse)
Origin: Upper Thoracic SP (T1-T4)
Insertion: Scapular spine
Action: Add / Retraction scapula

• *IV (ascending)**
• *Origin**: Lower Thoracic SP (T5-T12)
• *Insertion**: Medial scapular spine
• *Action**: Up rotation scapula, Depress scapula, Add / Retraction scapula

Question 2

Give the origin, insertion, action, and innervation of the muscle pictured

Answer 2

Rhomboid major

Origin: Upper Thoracic SP (T1-T4)

Insertion: Medial border scapula (below scapular spine)

Action: Add / Retraction scapula, Elevate scapula, Down Rotation Scapula

Innervation: Dorsal scapular nerve

Question 3

Give the origin, insertion, action, and innervation of the muscle pictured

Answer 3

Rhomboid minor

Origin: Lower Cervical SP (C6, C7)

Insertion: Medial border scapula (above scapular spine)

Action: Add / Retraction scapula, Elevate scapula, Down Rotation Scapula

Innervation: Dorsal scapular nerve

Question 4

Give the origin, insertion, action, and innervation of the muscle pictured

Answer 4

Levator scapulae

Origin: Upper Cervical Transverse processes (TP) (C1-C4)

Insertion: Superior angle scapula

Action: Elevate scapula, Downward Rotation Scapula

Innervation: Dorsal scapular nerve

Question 5

Give the origin, insertion, action, and innervation of the muscle pictured

Answer 5

Sternocleidomastoid

Origin: Manubrium & Medial 1/3 clavicle

Insertion: Mastoid process, Superior nuchal line

Action: Ipsilat Lat Flex Cervical Spine, Contra Rot Cervical spine Extension (bilateral)

Innervation: Cranial nerve XI (accessory nerve) & Ventral rami C1-C2

Question 6

Give the origin, insertion, action, and innervation of the muscle pictured

Answer 6

Subclavius

Origin: Superior Surface 1st Rib (chondro-osseous jcn)

Insertion: Inf. surface clavicle (lat 1/3)

Action: Stabilizes clavicle

Innervation: Subclavius Nerve, Direct branches from (C5-6)

Question 7

Give the origin, insertion, action, and innervation of the muscle pictured

Answer 7

Pectoralis minor

Origin: Ant Surface Ribs 3-5

Insertion: Coracoid process scapula

Action: Ant tipping scapula, Abd / Protraction Scapula, Downward Rotation Scapula, Depression

Innervation: Medial and lateral pectoral nerves

Question 8

Give the origin, insertion, action, and innervation of the muscle pictured

Answer 8

Serratus anterior

(Superior)

Origin: Lat Surface Ribs 1-5

Insertion: Medial border scapula (Superior angle)

Action: Abd / Protraction Scapula, Down Rotation, Stabilize medial border, Elevation

Innervation: Long thoracic nerve

Inferior

Origin: Lat Surface Ribs 5-9

Insertion: Medial border scapula (Inferior angle)

Action: Abd / Protraction Scapula, Up Rotation, Stabilize medial border, Depression

Innervation: Long thoracic nerve

Question 9

Give the origin, insertion, action, and innervation of the muscle pictured

Answer 9

Supraspinatus

Origin: Supraspinous fossa

Insertion: Greater tuberosity humerus

Action: Abd GH

Innervation: Suprascapular nerve

Question 10

Give the origin, insertion, action, and innervation of the muscle pictured

Answer 10

Infraspinatus

Origin: Infraspinous fossa

Insertion: Greater tuberosity humerus

Action: ER GH, Horiz Abduct GH

Innervation: Suprascapular nerve

Question 11

Give the origin, insertion, action, and innervation of the muscle pictured

Answer 11

Teres minor

Origin: Lateral border scapula

Insertion: Greater tuberosity humerus

Action: ER GH, Horiz Abduct GH

Innervation: Axillary nerve

Question 12

Give the origin, insertion, action, and innervation of the muscle pictured

Answer 12

Subscapularis

Origin: Subscapular fossa scapula

Insertion: Lesser tuberosity humerus

Action: IR GH

Action: Horiz Adduct GH

Innervation: Upper & Lower Subscapular nerve(s)

Question 13

Give the origin, insertion, action, and innervation of the muscle pictured

Answer 13

• *Deltoid**
• *Innervation (all):** Axillary nerve

Anterior

Origin: Lateral 1/3 clavicle

Insertion: Deltoid tuberosity humerus

Action: Add GH <60° abd, Abd GH >60° abd, Flex GH, IR GH, Horiz Adduct GH

Middle Deltoid

Origin: Acromion

Insertion: Deltoid tuberosity humerus

Action: Abd GH

Post Deltoid

Origin: Scapular spine

Insertion: Deltoid tuberosity humerus

Action: Add GH (<60° abd), Abd GH (>60° abd), Ext GH, ER GH, Horiz Abduct GH

Question 14

Give the origin, insertion, action, and innervation of the muscle pictured

Answer 14

Latissimus dorsi

Origin: Lower Thoracic SP (T7-T12)

Insertion: Thoracolumbar fascia, Medial border bicipital groove

Action: Add GH, Ext GH, IR GH, Horiz Abduct GH, Retract Scapula, Down Rotate Scapula, Depress Scapula

Insertion: Thoracodorsal nerve

Question 15

Give the origin, insertion, action, and innervation of the muscle pictured

Answer 15

Teres major

Origin: Inferior angle scapula

Insertion: Medial border bicipital groove

Action: Add GH, Ext GH, IR GH, Horiz Abduct GH

Innervation: Lower Subscapular

Question 16

Give the origin, insertion, action, and innervation of the muscle pictured

Answer 16

• *Pectoralis major
  (clavicular) **

Origin: Medial ½ clavicle

Insertion: Lateral border bicipital groove

Action: IR GH, Flex GH, Horiz ADD GH, ADD GH if <90, ABD GH if > 90, Med & Lat Pect NN

(sternal)

Origin: Sternum, Ribs 2-6

Insertion: Lateral border bicipital groove

Action: Extend GH if > 30° flex, Flex GH if hyperextend, IR GH, Horz ADD GH, ADD GH, Protract Scapula, Down Rotate Scapula

Innervation: Med & Lat Pect NN

Question 17

Give the origin, insertion, action, and innervation of the muscle pictured

Answer 17

Coracobrachialis

Origin: Coracoid process scapula

Insertion: Humerus

Action: Flex GH, Add GH, Horz Adduction GH

Innervation: Musculocutaneous n.

Question 18

Give the origin, insertion, action, and innervation of the muscle pictured

Answer 18

Triceps Brachii Long Head

Origin: Infraglenoid tubercle scapula

Insertion: Olecranon

Action: Ext elbow, Ext GH

Innervation: Radial Nerve

Question 19

Give the origin, insertion, action, and innervation of the muscle pictured

Answer 19

Triceps brachii
Med head

Origin: Post surf humerus

Insertion: Olecranon

Action: Ext elbow

Innervation: Radial Nerve

Question 20

Give the origin, insertion, action, and innervation of the muscle pictured

Answer 20

Triceps Brachii
Lateral Head

Origin: Post surf humerus

Insertion: Olecranon

Action: Ext elbow

Question 21

Give the origin, insertion, action, and innervation of the muscle pictured

Answer 21

Anconeus

Origin: Lateral epicondyle humerus

Insertion: Olecranon

Action: Ext elbow

Innervation: Radial nerve

Question 22

Give the origin, insertion, action, and innervation of the muscle pictured

Answer 22

Brachialis

Origin: ant humerus

Insertion: Ulnar tuberosity

Action: Flex elbow

Innervation: Musculocutaneous n.

Question 23

Give the origin, insertion, action, and innervation of the muscle pictured

Answer 23

• *Biceps Brachii:**
• *Innervation (all):** Musculocutaneous n.

Long Head

Origin: Supraglenoid tubercle scapula

Insertion: Radial tuberosity

Action: Flex elbow, Supinate RU, Flex GH

Short Head

Origin: Coracoid process scapula

Insertion: Radial tuberosity

Action: Flex elbow, Supinate RU, Flex GH

Question 24

Give the origin, insertion, action, and innervation of the muscle pictured

Answer 24

Brachioradialis

Origin: Lat supracondylar ridge humerus

Insertion: Styloid process radius

Action: Flex elbow, pronate/supinate RU

Innervation: Radial nerve

Question 25

**Give the origin, insertion, action, and innervation of the muscle pictured**

Answer 25

**Extensor carpi radialis longus** **Origin**: Lateral supracondylar ridge humerus **Insertion**: Base 2nd MC **Action**: Ext & radial dev wrist **Innervation**: Deep Radial nerve

Question 26

**Give the origin, insertion, action, and innervation of the muscle pictured**

Answer 26

**Extensor carpi radialis brevis** **Origin**: Lateral epicondyle humerus **Insertion**: Base 3rd MC **Action**: Ext & radial dev wrist **Innervation**: Deep Radial nerve

Question 27

**Give the origin, insertion, action, and innervation of the muscle pictured**

Answer 27

**Supinator** **Origin**: Lateral epicondyle humerus, supinator crest ulna **Insertion**: Lat Radius **Action**: Supinate RU **Innervation**: Deep Radial nerve

Question 28

**Give the origin, insertion, action, and innervation of the muscle pictured**

Answer 28

**Extensor digitorum** **Origin**: Lateral epicondyle humerus **Insertion**: middle & distal phalange 2-5 **Action**: Ext 2-5 MCP & IPs, Ext wrist **Innervation**: Post interosseous

Question 29

**Give the origin, insertion, action, and innervation of the muscle pictured**

Answer 29

**Extensor digiti minimi** **Origin**: Lateral epicondyle humerus **Insertion**: 5th middle & distal phalange **Action**: Ext 5th MCP, PIP, DIP **Innervation**: Post interosseous

Question 30

**Give the origin, insertion, action, and innervation of the muscle pictured**

Answer 30

**Extensor carpi ulnaris** **Origin**: Lateral epicondyle humerus, Post Ulna **Insertion**: Base 5th MC **Action**: Ext & ulnar dev wrist **Innervation**: Post interosseous

Question 31

**Give the origin, insertion, action, and innervation of the muscle pictured**

Answer 31

**Abductor pollicis longus** **Origin**: Post Radius, Post Ulna **Insertion**: Base 1st MC **Action**: Abd 1st CMC jt **Innervation**: Post interosseous

Question 32

**Give the origin, insertion, action, and innervation of the muscle pictured**

Answer 32

**Extensor pollicis brevis** **Origin**: Post Radius **Insertion**: Base 1st proximal phalanx **Action**: Ext 1st CMC & MCP **Innervation**: Post interosseous

Question 33

**Give the origin, insertion, action, and innervation of the muscle pictured**

Answer 33

**Extensor pollicis longus** **Origin**: Post Ulna **Insertion**: Base 1st distal phalanx **Action**: Ext 1st CMC, MCP & IP **Innervation**: Post interosseous

Question 34

**Give the origin, insertion, action, and innervation of the muscle pictured**

Answer 34

**Extensor indicis** **Origin**: Post Ulna **Insertion**: 2nd mid and distal phalanges **Action**: Ext 2nd MCP, PIP, DIP, Ext wrist **Innervation**: Post interosseous

Question 35

**Give the origin, insertion, action, and innervation of the muscle pictured**

Answer 35

**Pronator teres** **Origin**: Medial epicondyle humerus, Coronoid process ulna **Insertion**: Lateral surface radius **Action**: Pronate RU **Innervation**: Median nerve

Question 36

**Give the origin, insertion, action, and innervation of the muscle pictured**

Answer 36

**Flexor digitorum superficialis** **Origin**: Medial epicondyle humerus, Coronoid process ulna **Insertion**: middle phalanges 2-5 **Action**: Flex 2-5 MCP + PIP, Flex wrist **Innervation**: Median nerve

Question 37

**Give the origin, insertion, action, and innervation of the muscle pictured**

Answer 37

**Flexor carpi radialis** **Origin:** Medial epicondyle humerus **Insertion**: Base 2nd MC **Action**: Flex wrist, Radial dev wrist **Innervation**: Median nerve

Question 38

**Give the origin, insertion, action, and innervation of the muscle pictured**

Answer 38

**Flexor carpi ulnaris** **Origin**: Medial epicondyle humerus, Olecranon **Insertion**: Pisiform, Hamate **Action**: Flex wrist, Ulnar dev wrist **Innervation:** Ulnar nerve

Question 39

**Give the origin, insertion, action, and innervation of the muscle pictured**

Answer 39

**Palmaris longus** **Origin**: Medial epicondyle humerus **Insertion**: Palmar aponeurosis **Action**: Flex wrist **Innervation**: Median nerve

Question 40

**Give the origin, insertion, action, and innervation of the muscle pictured**

Answer 40

Flexor digitorum profundus Origin: Ant Ulna Insertion: Distal phalanges 2-5 Action: Flex wrist, Flex MCP, PIP & DIP 2-5, Innervation Digits 2+3: Ant interosseous Innervation Digits 4+5: Ulnar nerve

Question 41

**Give the origin, insertion, action, and innervation of the muscle pictured**

Answer 41

**Flexor pollicis longus** **Origin**: Anterior Radius **Insertion**: Distal 1st phalanx **Action**: Flex 1st CMC, MCP, IP, Flex wrist **Innervation**: Ant interosseous

Question 42

**Give the origin, insertion, action, and innervation of the muscle pictured**

Answer 42

**Pronator quadratus** **Origin**: Distal ant surface ulna **Insertion**: Distal ant surface radius **Action**: Pronate RU **Innervation**: Ant interosseous

Question 43

**Give the origin, insertion, action, and innervation of the muscle pictured**

Answer 43

**Lumbricals (1-4)** **Origin**: tendons of flexor digitorum profundus **Insertion**: Dorsal digital expansions 2-5 **Actions**: Flex MCP, Extend IP **Innervation** **1st & 2nd lumbricals:** Median nerve **Innervation 3rd & 4th lumbricals:** Deep Ulnar nerve

Question 44

**Give the origin, insertion, action, and innervation of the muscle pictured**

Answer 44

**Dorsal interossei (1-4)** **Origin**: first through fifth metacarpals **Insertion**: Base of the 2nd, 3rd, 4th proximal phalange **Action**: Abduct 2-4 MCP **Innervation**: Deep Ulnar nerve

Question 45

**Give the origin, insertion, action, and innervation of the muscle pictured**

Answer 45

**Palmar interossei (1-3)** **Origin First interosseus:** ulnar side of the second metacarpal **Origin Second interosseus:** radial side of the fourth metacarpal **Origin Third interosseus:** radial side of the fifth metacarpal **Insertion**: Base of the (associated) 2nd, 4th & 5th proximal phalange **Action**: Adduct 2, 4 & 5 MCP **Innervation**: Deep Ulnar nerve

Question 46

**Give the origin, insertion, action, and innervation of the muscle pictured**

Answer 46

**Abductor pollicis brevis** **Origin**: Flexor retinaculum **Insertion**: Base of 1st proximal phalanx **Action**: Abduct thumb **Innervation**: Recurrent Median

Question 47

**Give the origin, insertion, action, and innervation of the muscle pictured**

Answer 47

**Adductor pollicis:** **Origin Adductor pollicis Transverse**: 3rd MC **Origin adductor pollicis oblique**: 2nd MC **Insertion**: Base 1st proximal phalanx **Action**: Adduct thumb **Innervation**: Deep Ulnar nerve

Question 48

**Give the origin, insertion, action, and innervation of the muscle pictured**

Answer 48

**Flexor pollicis brevis** **Origin**: Flexor retinaculum **Insertion**: Base 1st proximal phalanx **Action**: Flex thumb **Innervation**: Recurrent median

Question 49

**Give the origin, insertion, action, and innervation of the muscle pictured**

Answer 49

**Opponens pollicis** **Origin**: Trapezium **Insertion**: 1st MC **Action**: Opposition of thumb **Innervation**: Recurrent median

Question 50

**Give the origin, insertion, action, and innervation of the muscle pictured**

Answer 50

**Abductor digiti minimi** **Origin**: Pisiform **Insertion**: Base of 5th proximal phalanx **Action**: Abduct 5th MCP) **Innervation**: Deep Ulnar nerve

Question 51

**Give the origin, insertion, action, and innervation of the muscle pictured**

Answer 51

**Flexor digiti minimi** **Origin**: Hamate (Hook) **Insertion**: Base of 5th proximal phalanx **Action**: Flex 5th MCP **Innervation**: Deep Ulnar nerve

Question 52

**Give the origin, insertion, action, and innervation of the muscle pictured**

Answer 52

**Opponens digiti minimi** **Origin**: Hamate (Hook) **Insertion**: 5th MC **Action**: Opposition of 5th digit (MC) **Innervation**: Deep Ulnar nerve

Question 53

**Give the origin, insertion, action, and innervation of the muscle pictured**

Answer 53

**Palmaris brevis** **Origin**: Palmar aponeurosis **Insertion**: Skin of hypothenar eminence **Action**: Tenses skin of palm **Innervation**: Superficial Ulnar