Ligaments

Question 0

Give the proximal attachment , distal attachment, and the action(s) that the transverse ligament limits.

Answer 0

proximal: anterior horns of meniscus
distal: anterior horns of other meniscus
limits: prevents anterior horns from separating

limits.

Question 1

Give the proximal attachment , distal attachment, and the action(s) that the coronary ligament limits.

Answer 1

Proximal: Outer edges of menisci
Distal: tibia
Limits: prevents menisci from detaching from tibia

Question 2

Give the proximal attachment , distal attachment, and the action(s) that the intercondylar ligaments limits.

Answer 2

proximal: intercondylar eminence
distal: horns of menisci
Limits: prevents too much lateral translation of menisci

Question 3

Give the proximal attachment , distal attachment, and the action(s) that the posterior meniscofemoral ligaments limits.

Answer 3

Proximal: interior surface of medial femoral condyle (toward
intercondylar notch)
Proximal: posterior horn of lateral meniscus
Limits: prevents lateral meniscus from sliding past tibia

Question 4

Give the proximal attachment and distal attachment of the patellar ligament.

Answer 4

Proximal: patella
Distal: tibial tuberosity

Question 5

Give the proximal attachment , distal attachment, type of ligament, and the action(s) that the medial collateral ligament limits.

Answer 5

proximal: medial epicondyle of femur
Distal: medial aspect of proximal tibia (slopes anterior)
Limits: resists valgus stress
Type: capsular

Question 6

Give the proximal attachment , distal attachment, type of ligament, and the action(s) that the lateral collateral ligament limits.

Answer 6

Proximal: lateral condyle of femur
Distal: posterior fibular head (runs posteriorly under the biceps femoris attachment)
Limits: resists varus stress (primary function), prevents external rotation of tibia, prevents posterior tibial displacement
Type: extrinsic

Question 7

Give the proximal attachment, distal attachment, type of ligament, and the action(s) that the iliotibial band limits.

Answer 7

Proximal: formed by TFL and gluteus maximus
Distal: lateral tibial condyle
Limits: resists varus stress, resists posterior displacement of femur (in flexion), resists tibial internal rotation (in flexion)
Type: Not ligament

Question 8

Give the proximal attachment, distal attachment, type of ligament, and the action(s) that the oblique popliteal ligament limits.

Answer 8

proximal: lateral condyle of femur
distal: medial condyle of tibia
limits: limits hyperextension (primary function)
limits internal rotation of femur
limits external rotation of tibia
type: capsular

Question 9

Give the proximal attachment, distal attachment, type of ligament, and the action(s) that the arcuate ligament limits.

Answer 9

proximal: lateral condyles of femur and tibia
distal: fibular head
limits: limits hyerextension, limits varus stress
type: capsular

Question 10

Give the proximal attachment, distal attachment, type of ligament, and the action(s) that the anterior cruciate ligament limits.

Answer 10

Proximal: medial aspect of lateral femoral condyle
Distal: anterior intercondylar fossa
limits: resists anterior tibial translation (primary)
resists internal tibial rotation (primary)
limits varus and valgus stress
type: intrinsic but extrasynovial

Question 11

Give the proximal attachment, distal attachment, type of ligament, and the action(s) that the posterior cruciate ligament limits.

Answer 11

Proximal: medial surface of medial femoral condyle
Distal: posterior intercondylar fossa (tibia)
Type: resists posterior translation of tibia (primary)
resists anterior translation of femur (primary)
resists varus and valgus stress
Type: instrinsic but extrasynovial

Question 12

Give the proximal attachment, distal attachment, type of ligament, and the action(s) that the iliofemoral ligament limits.

Answer 12

proximal: AIIS and acetabulum rim
distal: intertrochanteric line
action: limits hyperextension
limits adduction
Type: Capsular

Question 13

Give the proximal attachment, distal attachment, type of ligament, and the action(s) that the pubofemoral ligament limits.

Answer 13

proximal: superior pubic ramus (above acetabular rim)
distal: inferior neck
limits: limits hyperextension
limits abduction
Type: Capsular

Question 14

Give the proximal attachment, distal attachment, type of ligament, and the action(s) that the ischiofemoral ligament limits.

Answer 14

Proximal: ischial acetabular rim	 
Distal: intertrochanteric line	
Limits: limits hyperextension 
limits internal (medial) rotation
Type: Capsular

Question 15

Give the proximal attachment, distal attachment, type of ligament, and the action(s) that the ligamentum teres limits.

Answer 15

Proximal: acetabular fossa
Distal: fovea capitis
Limits: protects foveolar artery
Type: intrinsic

Question 16

Give the proximal attachment, distal attachment, type of ligament, and the action(s) that the transverse ligament limits.

Answer 16

Proximal: spans acetabular notch
Distal: spans acetabular notch
Limits: protects foveolar artery
Type: instrinsic

Question 17

Give the proximal attachment, distal attachment, type of ligament, and the action(s) that the anterior sacroiliac ligaments limit.

Answer 17

Proximal: auricular margins of sarum
Distal: auricular surfaces of ilium
Limits: reinforce SI capsule anteriorly
Type: capsular

Question 18

Give the proximal attachment, distal attachment, type of ligament, and the action(s) that the posterior sacroiliac ligaments limit.

Answer 18

Proximal: PSIS and auricular margins of sacrum
Distal: PSIS and auricular margins of ilium
Limits: reinforce SI capsule posteriorly
Type: capsular

Question 19

Give the proximal attachment, distal attachment, type of ligament, and the action(s) that the sacrospinous ligament limits.

Answer 19

proximal: anterior sacrum
distal: ischial spine
limits: prevent anterior tilting of pelvis, reinforce sacroiliac joint (defines greater and lesser foramina)
Type: extrinsic

Question 20

Give the proximal attachment, distal attachment, type of ligament, and the action(s) that the sacrotuberous ligament limits.

Answer 20

proximal: anterior sacrum
distal: ischial tuberosity
limits: prevents anterior tilting of pelvis, reinforces sacroiliac joint (defines greater and lesser foramina)
type: extrinsic

Question 21

Give the proximal and distal attachments of the anterior ligaments of the fibular head.

Answer 21

Proximal: superior lateral tibia
Distal: fibular head

Question 22

Give the proximal and distal attachments of the posterior ligaments of the fibular head

Answer 22

Proximal: superior lateral tibia
Distal: fibular head

Question 23

Give the proximal and distal attachments of the posterior ligaments of the fibular head

Answer 23

proximal: distal lateral tibia
distal: distal fibula

Question 24

Give the proximal and distal attachments of the posterior tibiofibular ligament

Answer 24

proximal: distal lateral tibia
distal: distal fibula

Question 25

Give the proximal and distal attachments of the anterior talofibular ligament

Answer 25

Proximal: distal anterior fibula
Distal: talus

Question 26

Give the proximal and distal attachments of the calcaneofibular ligament.

Answer 26

Proximal: distal fibular
Distal: calcaneus

Question 27

Give the proximal attachment, distal attachment, and the action(s) that the posterior talofibular ligament limits.

Answer 27

Proximal: distal posterior fibula
Distal: talus
Limits: strongest lateral ligament, limits inversion

Question 28

Give the proximal attachment, distal attachment, type of ligament, and the action(s) that the deltoid ligament (anterior tibiotalar, tibionavicular, tibiocalcanean, posterior tibiotalar) limits.

Answer 28

proximal: medial malleolus
distal: navicular, talus(anterior and posterior attachments), calcaneus
limits: limits eversion
type: extrinsic

Question 29

Give the proximal attachment, distal attachment, and the action(s) that the interosseus talocalcaneal ligament limits.

Answer 29

Proximal: inferior talus
Distal: superior calcneus
Limits: major supporter of subtalar joint

Question 30

Give the proximal attachment, distal attachment, and the action(s) that the interosseus plantar calcaeonavicular
ligament (aka spring ligament) limits.

Answer 30

Proximal: calcaneus
Distal: navicular
Limits: supports talonavicular joint, longitudinal arch, transverse tarsal joint

Question 31

Give the proximal attachment, distal attachment, and the action(s) that the long plantar ligament limits.

Answer 31

Proximal: inferior calcaneus
Distal: distal cuboid and base of lateral metatarsals
Limits: supports calcanealcuboid joint

Question 32

Give the proximal attachment, distal attachment, and the action(s) that the plantar calcaneocuboid ligament (short plantar) limits.

Answer 32

Proximal: calcaneus
Distal: proximal cuboid

Question 33

Give the proximal attachment, distal attachment, and the action(s) that the plantar aponeurosis limits.

Answer 33

Proximal: proximal calcaneus
Distal: proximal phalanges
Limits: supports longitudinal arch, plantar muscles (prevents bowstringing)