UE Muscle Chart Flashcards
Trapezius III
O: T1-T4 spinous processes
I: Scapular spine
A: Adduct/retract scapula
S: Cranial nerve XI, ventral rami C2-C4
Trapezius IV
O: T5-T12 spinous processes
I: Medial scapular spine
A: scapula: up rotate, depress, adduct
S: Cranial nerve XI, ventral rami C2-C4
Rhomboid major & minor
Minor: from lower cervical C6-C7 SP to med border scapula above spine
Major: upper thoracic T1-T4 SP TO med border scapula below scapular spine
A: Scapula- adduct, elevate, down rotate
S: Dorsal scapular N
Levator scapulae
O: C1-C4 transverse processes
I: superior angle scapula
A: elevate, down rotate scapula
S: dorsal scapular N
Sternocleidomastoid
O: Manubrium, medial clavicle
I: Mastoid process, superior nuchal line
A: C-spine- Ipsilaterally flexes, Contralat rotates, Bilaterally extend
S: Cranial nerve XI, ventral rami C1-C2
Subclavius
O: superior surface rib 1
I: Inferior lateral surface of clavicle
A: Stabilize clavicle
S: Subclavius N (C5-C6)
Pectoralis minor
O: Ant surface ribs 3-5
I: Coracoid process scapula
A: Scapula- ant. tip, ABD, down rotate, depress
S: Med & lat pectoral nerves
Serratus anterior (superior)
O: Lat surface ribs 1-5
I: Med border scapula, superior angle
A: scapula- ABD, down rotate, elevate, stabilize medial border
S: long thoracic N
Serratus anterior (inferior)
O: lat surface ribs 5-9
I: med border scapula, inferior angle
A: scapula- ABD, up rotate, depress, stabilize medial border
S: long thoracic N
Supraspinatus
O: Supraspinous fossa I: Greater tuberosity humerus A: ABD GH (ER GH) S: suprascapular N (rotator cuff)
Infraspinatus
O: Infraspinous fossa
I: greater tuberosity humerus
A: ER, Horizontal ABD glenohumeral
S: suprascapular N
Teres Minor
O: Lat border scapula
I: greater tuberosity humerus
A: ER, Horizontal ABD glenohumeral (and Add)
S: Axillary N
Subscapularis
O: subscapular fossa scapula
I: lesser tuberosity humerus
A: IR, Horizontal ABD glenohumeral
S: Upper and lower subscapular N’s
Anterior deltoid
O: lat clavicle
I: deltoid tuberosity humerus
A: GH- Add at 60º abd, Flex, IR, Horiz adduct
S: Axillary N
Middle deltoid
O: Acromion
I: deltoid tuberosity humerus
A: ABD GH
S: Axillary N
Posterior deltoid
O: Scapular spine
I: Deltoid tuberosity humerus
A: GH- Add at 60º abd, Extend, ER, Horiz ABDuct
S: Axillary N
Latissimus dorsi
O: T7-T12 spinous processes, thoracolumbar fascia, post. iliac crest, ribs 9-12, inferior angle scapula
I: med border bicipital groove
A: GH- Add, Ext, IR, Horiz ABDuct
Scapula- Retract/Add, down rotate, depress
S: Thoracodorsal N
Teres major
O: Inferior angle scapula
I: Medial border bicipital groove
A: GH- Add, Ext, IR, Horiz ABDuct
S: Lower subscapular N
Pectoralis major (clavicular)
O: Medial clavicle
I: Lat border bicipital groove
A: GH- IR, Flex, Horiz Add, Add if 90º
S: Med and lat pectoral N’s
Pectoralis major (sternal)
O: Sternum, costal cartilages ribs 2-6 I: Lat border bicipital groove A: GH- Ext if >30º flexed, Flex if hyperextended, IR, Horiz add, Add Scapula- protract, down rotate S: med and lat pectoral N
Coracobrachialis
O: coracoid process scapula
I: medial humerus
A: GH- Flex, Add, Horiz Add (IR)
S: Musculocutaneous N
Triceps brachii long head
O: Infraglenoid tubercle, scapula
I: Olecranon
A: Ext elbow. Ext GH (Add GH)
S: Radial N
Triceps brachii- medial and lateral heads
O lateral: proximal posterior surface humerus
O medial: distal posterior surface humerus
I: Olecranon (ulna)
A: Ext elbow
S: Radial n
Anconeus
O: Lat epicondyle humerus
I: Olecranon
A: Ext elbow
S: Radial nerve
Brachialis
O: Distal anterior humerus
I: Ulnar tuberosity
A: Flex elbow
S: Musculocutaneous N
Biceps brachii
O long head: Supraglenoid tubercle scapula
O short head: Coracoid process scapula
I: Radial tuberosity
A: Flex elbow, supinate radio-ulnar, Flex GH (ABD GH, IR GH)
S: Musculocutaneous N
Scapular up-rotation caused by (4)
Trapezius I, II, and IV (not III)
Serratus anterior inferior
Scapular down rotation caused by (7)
Rhomboids- major and minor Levator scapulae Pectoralis minor Serratus anterior superior Latissimus dorsi Pec major (sternal)
Muscles that elevate the scapula
Trapezius I and II
Rhomboid major and minor
Levator scapulae
Serratus anterior superior
Muscles that depress the scapula
Trapezius IV (ascending)
Pectoralis minor
Serratus anterior inferior
Latissimus dorsi
Muscles that Adduct (retract) scapula
Trapezius- all (I, II, III, IV)
Rhomboids- major and minor
Latissimus dorsi
Muscles that ABDuct (protract) scapula
Pectoralis minor
Serratus anterior- superior and inferior
Pectoralis major- sternal
Muscles that anteriorly tip scapula (1)
Pectoralis minor
Muscles that flex the arm (GH) - 4
Anterior deltoid
Pectoralis major- clavicular (and sternal if hyperextended)
Coracobrachialis
Biceps brachii
Muscles that extend the arm (GH) - 5
Posterior deltoid Latissimus dorsi Teres major Pectoralis major- sternal (if >30º flexion) Triceps brachii- long head
External rotators of arm (GH) - 4
Infraspinatus
Teres minor
Posterior deltoid
(Supraspinatus)
Internal rotators of arm (GH)
Subscapularis Anterior deltoid Latissimus dorsi Teres major Pectoralis major- sternal and clavicular (Coracobrachialis, Biceps brachii)
ABDuctors of arm (GH)- 4ish
Supraspinatus
Deltoid- middle always, ant and post if >60º ABD
Pectoralis major- clavicular if >90º ABD
(Biceps brachii)
Horizontal ABDuctors of arm (GH)- 5
Infraspinatus Teres minor Posterior deltoid Latissimus dorsi Teres major
Horizontal Adductors of arm (GH)- 4
Subscapularis
Anterior deltoid
Pectoralis major- both
Coracobrachialis
Adductors of arm (GH)
Latissimus dorsi
Teres major
Coracobrachialis
Anterior and posterior deltoid (If
Trapezius I and II
Trap I: FROM Occipital bone, C1-C3 spinous processes TO lateral clavicle
Trap II: from C4-C7 spinous processes TO acromion
A: Scapula- up rotate, elevate, Adduct. Ipsilaterally flex C-spine, contralaterally rotate C-spine
S: Cranial nerve XI & ventral rami C2-C4
Pronator Teres
O: Med epicondyle humerus, coronoid process ulna
I: lat surface radius
A: Pronate RU
S: Median N
Flexor Carpi Radialis
O: Med epicondyle humerus
I: Base 2nd MC
A: Flex wrist, radially deviate
S: Median N
Palmaris Longus
O: Med epicondyle humerus
I: palmar aponeurosis
A: flex wrist
S: median N
Flexor Carpi Ulnaris
O: med epicondyle humerus, olecranon
I: pisiform, hook of hamate
A: flex wrist, ulnar deviate
S: ***Ulnar N
Flexor digitorum profundus
O: Prox. ant. ulna, IO membrane
I: DP 2-5
A: Flex: wrist, MCP, PIP, DIP 2-5
S: 2-3 Anterior Interosseous (Median) N, 4-5 Ulnar N**
Pronator Quadratus
O: dist ant ulna
I: dist ant radius
A: pronate RU
S: Ant IO N (Median)
Flexor Pollucis Longus
O: ant radius, IO membrane
I: DP 1
A: Flex: wrist, 1st CMC, MCP, IP
S: Ant IO N (Median)
Lumbricals (1-4)
O: Radial sides of FDP tendons
I: dorsal digital expansions 2-5
A: Flex MCP, extend IP
S: 1-2 Median N / 3-4 Deep Ulnar N
Dorsal Interossei (4)
O: 2 heads, adjacent sides of MC’s 1-5
I: base PP 2-4, dorsal digital expansion
A: ABD MCP 2-4
S: Deep Ulnar N
Plantar Interossei (3)
O: 1-ulnar side MC 2. 2- radial side MC 4. 3- radial side MC 5
I: Base PP 2, 4, 5, dorsal digital expansions
A: Add MCP 2, 4, 5 toward middle finger
S: Deep Ulnar N
Brachioradialis
O: Lat supracondylar ridge humerus
I: Styloid process radius
A: Flex elbow, pronate/supinate to neutral
S: Radial N
Extensor carpi radialis longus
O: Lat supracondylar ridge humerus
I: Base MC 2
A: Ext, radial dev wrist
S: Deep radial N
Extensor carpi radialis brevis
O: Lat epicondyle humerus
I: Base MC 3
A: Ext, radial dev wrist
S: Deep radial N
Supinator
O: Lat epicondyle humerus, supinator crest ulna
I: Lat radius
A: Supinate RU
S: Deep radial N
Extensor digitorum
O: Lat epicondyle humerus
I: MP + DP 2-5
A: Ext: wrist, MCP, IP 2-5
S: Post interosseous N (radial)
Extensor digiti minimi
O: Lat epicondyle humerus
I: MP + DP 5
A: Ext MCP, IP 5
S: Post interosseous (radial) N
Extensor carpi ulnaris
O: Lat epicondyle humerus, post ulna
I: Base MC 5
A: Ext, ulnar dev wrist
S: Post interosseous N (radial)
Abductor pollicis longus
O: Post radius, post ulna, IO memb
I: Base MC 1
A: ABD CMC 1
S: Post interosseous N (radial)
Extensor pollicis brevis
O: post radius, IO memb
I: base PP 1
A: Ext CMC, MCP 1
S: Post interosseous N (radial)
Extensor pollicis longus
O: Post ulna, IO memb
I: base DP 1
A: Ext CMC, MCP, IP 1
S: Post interosseous N (radial)
Extensor indicis
O: Post ulna, IO memb
I: MP + DP 2
A: Ext: wrist, MCP, PIP, DIP 2
S: Post interosseous N (radial)
Abductor pollicis brevis
O: Flexor retinaculum, scaphoid, trapezium
I: base PP 1
A: ABD CMC 1
S: recurrent median N
Adductor pollicis
Transverse O: MC 3 Oblique O: base MC 2, capitate I: base PP 1 A: Adduct CMC 1 (thumb) S: Deep ulnar N
Flexor pollicis brevis
O: flexor retinaculum, capitate, trapezium
I: base PP 1
A: Flex CMC 1
S: Recurrent median (ulnar)
Opponens pollicis
O: Trapezium
I: MC 1
A: Oppose CMC 1
S: Recurrent median N
Abductor digiti minimi
O: Pisiform
I: base PP 5
A: ABD MCP 5
S: Deep ulnar N
Flexor digiti minimi
O: Hook hamate, flexor retinaculum
I: Base PP 5
A: Flex MCP 5
S: Deep ulnar N
Opponens digiti minimi
O: Hook hamate
I: MC 5
A: Oppose 5th digit (MCP)
S: Deep ulnar N
Palmaris brevis
O: Palmar aponeurosis
I: skin hypothenar eminence
A: tense skin of palm
S: superficial ulnar N
Muscles attaching to base of proximal phalanges
1: APB, FPB, Add P, EPB
2-4: DABs, PADs to 2 and 4
5: 3rd PAD, FDM, ADM
Muscles attaching to hook of hamate (3)
Flexor carpi ulnaris (I)
Opponens digiti minimi (O)
Flexor digiti minimi (O)
Muscles attaching to 2nd MC (6)
Base: ECRL, FCR, Adductor pollicis oblique head
Sides: 2 DAB heads, 1 PAD
Muscles attaching to base of proximal phalanges
1: APB, FPB, Add P, EPB
2-4: DABs, PADs to 2 and 4
5: 3rd PAD, FDM, ADM
Muscles attaching to hook of hamate (3)
Flexor carpi ulnaris (I)
Opponens digiti minimi (O)
Flexor digiti minimi (O)
Muscles attaching to 2nd MC (6)
Base: ECRL, FCR, Adductor pollicis oblique head
Sides: 2 DAB heads, 1 PAD
Lateral epicondyle of humerus is the attachment for…
- Anconeus
- ECRB
- ED
- EDM
- ECU
- supinator
Medial epicondyle is attachment for…
- pronator teres
- FCR
- palmaris longus
- FDS
- FCU
Attachments to olecranon
- triceps
- anconeus
- flexor carpi ulnaris
Radiocarpal joint type and articulations
Synovial condyloid
Radius and triangular FC with scaphoid, lunate, (and triquetrum in ulnar dev)
Radial carpal collateral lig
Radial styloid process TO scaphoid, trapezium
- capsular, limits ulnar dev
Ulnar carpal collateral lig
Ulnar styloid process TO triquetrum, pisiform
- limits radial dev
Distal radius inclination
20º more distal radially (limits radial dev)
11º more distal dorsally (limits ext, more flexion)
Dorsal radiocarpal ligaments
dorsal radius TO triquetrum, lunate, scaphoid
capsular, limit wrist flexion
Palmar Radiocarpal Ligament
Styloid process radius TO capitate, lunate, scaphoid
- capsular, limit ext and ulnar dev
Palmar Ulnocarpal Lig
Styloid process ulna TO lunate, triquetrum
- limit ext, radial dev
Dorsal intercarpal ligaments
Between carpal bones, capsular reinforcement
Palmar intercarpal ligament
Between carpals, capsular
Floor of carpal tunnel
Carpometacarpal joint type
Synovial plane joints
2nd MC-trapezoid
3rd MC-capitate
4th and 5th MC- hamate
Palmar metacarpal ligaments
Between metacarpals, capsular
Palmar carpometacarpal ligaments
MC to carpals, capsular
Dorsal carpometacarpal ligaments
Dorsal metacarpal ligaments
what it sounds like
1st CMC joint type
Saddle joint
Trapezium to 1st MC, has separate JC
metacarpophalangeal (MCP) collateral ligaments
Triangular
lax in extension
taut in flexion, limit ABD
Volar Plates
MCP Palmar ligaments
- Fibrocartilage
- limits hyperext, prevents impingement of flexor tendons
