UE MMT Flashcards
Shoulder flexion
Primary M: anterior delt, supraspinatus
Secondary M: long head of biceps
Grade 2: side lying
Comp patterns: shoulder elevation, elbow flexion
Shoulder extension
Primary M: posterior delt, latissisimus dorsi Secondary M: long head triceps Grade 5: prone with PALM FACING UP Grade 2: side lying Comp patterns: shoulder abduction
Shoulder Abduction
Primary M: middle delt, supraspinatus
Secondary M: long head biceps
Grade 2:
Comp patterns:
*would want to assess scapular abduction and upward rotation (serratus anterior) before test
Shoulder ER
Primary M: infraspinatus, teres minor Secondary M: posterior deltoid Grade 5: prone w tool underneath humerus Grade 2: seated with arm on the table Comp patterns:
Shouler IR
Primary M: subscapularis, teres major
Secondary M: pectoralis major
Grade 2: seated with arm on table
Comp patterns:
Shoulder horizontal adduction
Primary M: pectoralis major Secondary M: latissimus dorsi Grade 2: seated Grade 5: supine Comp patterns: protraction
*you can bias sternal and clavicular heads
Shoulder horizontal abduction
Primary M: posterior delt Secondary M: supraspinatus Grade 2: seated Grade 5: prone Comp patterns: shoulder extension/adduction combo, ER or IR
Scapular abduction and upward rotation (protraction)
Primary M: serratus anterior
Secondary M: pectorals minor
Grade 2: scapula moves towards the spine
Grade 5: seated, raise arm and push down just above elbow
Comp patterns:
Scapular elevation
Primary M: upper trap, levator scap Secondary M: rhomboids Grade 5: seating Grade 2: prone Comp patterns:
Scapular adduction (retraction)
Primary M: middle trap, rhomboid major Secondary M: upper and lower trap Grade 2: prone w supported arm Grade 5: prone Comp patterns:
- *posterior delt considerations, should be at least a grade 3
- if posterior delt is a 2 or less apply pressure proximally
Scapular depression and adduction
Primary M: lower and middle traps Secondary M: latissimus dorsi Grade 2: prone w arm supported. can complete full scapular ROM w out weight of the arm Grade 5: prone Comp patterns:
Scapular retraction and downward rotation
Primary M: rhomboid major and minor Secondary M: levator scap Grade 2: prone, can complete scapular ROM towards spine Grade 5: prone with arm behind back Comp patterns:
*can do Kendall method for grades 4 and 5
Scapular depression, Shoulder extension
Primary M: latissimus dorsi Secondary M: Grade 5: prone, head turned away. apply resistance above wrist out and down Grade 2: partial ROM Comp patterns:
Elbow Flexion
Primary M: biceps brachii, bracioradialis
Secondary M: pronator teres
Grade 5: sitting
Grade 2: sitting with arm horizontal and supported
Comp patterns:
Elbow Extension
Primary M: triceps brachii Secondary M: anconeus Grade 5: supine with arm up in air Grade 2: seated with arm in horizontal plane and supported Comp patterns:
Pronation
Primary M: pronator teres, pronator quadratus
Secondary M: flexor carpi radialis
Grade 5: seated with elbow flexed, start in supination, as pt try to pronate, push into supination
Grade 2: seated with arm bent up “turn palm away from face”
Comp patterns:
Supination
Primary M: biceps brachia and supinator
Secondary M:
Grade 5: seated with elbow flexed, pt begins in pronation, as they try to supinate push them back into pronation
Grade 2: seated w arm bent up “turn palm towards your face”
Grade 1: grade 5 position, palpate distal to radius on back of forearm
Comp patterns:
Wrist Flexion
Primary M: flexor carpi ulnaris and radialis Secondary M: palmaris longus Grade 5: sitting with arm on table Grade 2: brachium is side lying Comp patterns:
- to bias flexor carpi ulnaris go into slight ulnar deviation
- to bias flexor carpi radialis go into slight radial devision
Wrist Extension
Primary M: extensor carpi radialis (longus and brevis), extensor carpi ulnaris
Secondary M: extensor digitorum
Grade 5: sitting with brachium resting on table
Grade 2: brachium is side lying
Comp patterns:
MCP Flexion
Primary M: palmar interossei, lumbericals
Secondary M: flexor digitorum
Grade 5: brachium in supination, have pt bent at MCP joint
Grade 2: partial ROM
Comp patterns: flexion at DIP and PIP, wrist flexion
MCP Extension
Primary M: extensor digitorum
Secondary M: extensor indicis, extensor digiti minimi
Grade 5: allow IP joints to be in slight flexion to isolate MCP
Grade 2: partial ROM
Comp patterns: wrist extension
Finger abduction
Primary M: dorsal interossei Secondary M: Grade 5: forearm pronated and wrist in neutral "dont let me push your fingers together Grade 2: partial ROM Comp patterns:
Finger adduction
Primary M: palmar interossei
Secondary M: flexor pollicis brevis, adductor pollicis
Grade 5: brachium in pronation “dont let me pull your fingers apart”
Grade 2: partial ROM
Comp patterns:
PIP Flexion
Primary M: flexor digitorum superficialis
Secondary M: abductor digiti minimi, flexor digiti minimi
Grade 5: arm supinated, stabilize proximal phalanx and bend at PIP (do each finger individually)
Grade 2: partial ROM
Comp patterns:
PIP Extension
Primary M: lumbricals
Secondary M: dorsal inerossei, palmar interossei
Grade 2: partial ROM
Comp patterns:
DIP Flexion
Primary M: flexor digitorum profundus Secondary M: Grade 5: brachium in supination, isolate DIP Grade 2: partial ROM Comp patterns:
DIP Extension
Primary M: lumbricals
Secondary M: dorsal and palmar interossei
Grade 2: partial ROM
Comp patterns:
Combined PIP and DIP flexion
Primary M:
Secondary M:
Grade 2:
Comp patterns:
First MCP flexion
Primary M: flexor pollicis longus and brevis
Secondary M:
GRade 5: brachium in supination, “bring thump across hand w out bending other joints”
Grade 2: Partial ROM
Comp patterns:
First MCP extension
Primary M: extensor pollicis longus and brevis Secondary M: Grade 5: "lift thumb towards ceiling" Grade 2: Partial ROM Comp patterns:
First IP flexion
Primary M: flexor pollicis longus Secondary M: Grade 5: just distal portion of thumb, stabilize MP joint. brachium resting on ulnar surface Grade 2: partial ROM Comp patterns:
First IP extension
Primary M: extensor pollicis longus Secondary M: Grade 5: just distal portion of thumb, stabilize MP joint. brachium resting on ulnar surface. Grade 2: partial ROM Comp patterns:
Thumb abduction
Primary M: abductor pollicis longus and brevis
Secondary M:
Grade 5: forearm supination, “move thumb towards ceiling”
Grade 2: full ROM in horizontal plane
Comp patterns: radial deviation
Opposition
Primary M: opponent pollicis, opponens digiti minimi
Secondary M: abductor pollicis brevis
Grade 5: “make an O w tip of thumb and pinky” resistance applied to opponent pollicis
Grade 2: partial ROM
Comp patterns: wrist flexion
Thumb adduction
Primary M: adductor pollicis
Secondary M: flexor pollicis brevis
Grade 5: forearm pronated with thumb out, try to push it out
Grade 2: full ROM with forearm side lying
Comp patterns: wrist extension
