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Anatomy > UE: Clavicle, Pectoral Girdle, Upper Arm > Flashcards

UE: Clavicle, Pectoral Girdle, Upper Arm Flashcards

1
Q

Most commonly fx bone in body

A

Clavicle

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2
Q

First bone to ossify

A

Clavicle

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3
Q

Weakest point of clavicle

A

Middle and outer third

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4
Q

Closed clavicular fx mx

A

Conservative

Figure of 8 splint

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5
Q

Defective intramembranous ossification

Agenesis of clavicle and skull cap

A

Cleidocranial dysostosis

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6
Q

Fetal stage bone is

A

cartilagenous

Then undergoes intramem ossification

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7
Q

Mesenchymal tissue to cartilage or bone

A

intramembranous ossif

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8
Q

Superior angle of scapula landmark

A

2nd rib

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9
Q

Spine of scap landmark

A

3rd rib

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10
Q

Inferior angle of scap

A

7th rib

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11
Q

Where suprascapular nerve exists

A

Suprascapular foramen

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12
Q

Scapula spans

A

2nd to 7th rib

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13
Q

Only True joint of UE and axial skeleton

Saddle type

A

SC joint

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14
Q

The thumb is a type of

A

saddle joint

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15
Q

Stabilizes the AC joint

A

Acromioclavicular lig

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16
Q

Shoulder separation (2)

A

AC joint dislocation
Coracoclavicular ligament tear

Ex
Tackling in football
Fall on tip of shoulder

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17
Q

The head of humerus is

A

1/3 of sphere

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18
Q

Most frequently fractured site of humerus

A

surgical neck

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19
Q

Surgical neck contains

A

Axillary nerve

Posterior humeral circumflex artery

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20
Q

Midshaft or spiral groove of humerus (2)

A

Radial nerve and profunda brachii (deep brachial artery)

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21
Q

Bicipital or intertubercular groove of humerus

A

Long head of biceps brachii

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22
Q

Fracture at spiral groove or midshaft of humerus damages

A

Radial nerve

Wrist drop

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23
Q

Deepens glenoid cavity

A

Glenoid labrum

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24
Q

Weakest area of the shoulder joint

A

Inferior

No support

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25
Q

Most common direction of shoulder dislocation

A

Anterior

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26
Q

Most common dislocation of elbow

A

Posterior

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27
Q

Anterior shoulder dislocation the humeral head

A

Humeral head in subcoracoid position

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28
Q

Posterior dislocation of shoulder

A

Humeral head in subglenoid position

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29
Q

Shoulder dislocation may impinge (2)

A

Axillary nerve

Radial nerve

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30
Q

Medial epicondyle of ulna has

A

Ulnar nerve

Flexor tendons

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31
Q

Lateral epicondyle

A

Extensor tendons

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32
Q

Abduction of 1st 15deg

A

Supraspinatus

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33
Q

Acts as strut that links chest with UE

A

Clavicle

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34
Q

Clavicle ossified via

A

intramembranous ossification

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35
Q

Inferior surface of clavicle houses this groove

A

Subclavian

subclavius

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36
Q

Dysplasia cleidocranial

A

Marie Sainton disease

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37
Q

Point of shoulder

A

Acromion

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38
Q

Anatomical neck of humerus lies

A

Around the rim of the head

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39
Q

Supports humeral head tl glenoid

A

Rotator cuff

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40
Q

Rotator cuff muscles

A

Supraspinatus
Infraspinatus
Teres minor
Subscapularis

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41
Q

Supraspinatus

Action
Innervation

A

First 15 deg of abduction

Suprascapular nerve

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42
Q

Infraspinatus

Action
Inn

A

External rotation

Suprascapular nerve

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43
Q

Teres minor

Action
Innervation

A

External rotation

AXILLARY nerve

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44
Q

Subscapularis

Action
Innervation

A

Internal rotation

Upper subscapular nerve

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45
Q

Deltoid

Innervation

A

Axillary nerve

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46
Q

Quandrangular space contents

A

Axillay nerve

Posterior circumflex humeral vessel

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47
Q

Triangular interval

A

Radial nerve

Profunda brachii artery

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48
Q

Triangular space content

A

Scapular circumflex vessel

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49
Q

Boundaries of quadrangular space

A

Superior: Subscapularis, Teres Minor
Lateral: Surgical neck of humerus
Inferior: Teres Major
Medial: Long head of triceps

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50
Q

Abduction of shoulder joint degrees

A

180

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51
Q

Shoulder joint contributes this much movement of abduction

A

120

Supraspiantus initiating
Deltoid completing after first 15

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52
Q

Scapula contributes this movement for shoulder abduction

A

60 degrees

Serratus anterior
Trapezius

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53
Q

Aka subacromial bursitis, pericapsulitis

Painful arc

A

Supraspinatus tendinitis

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54
Q

Painful arc of abduction in subacromial bursitis

A

50-130

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55
Q

Ill-fitted crutches nerve injury

A

Radial

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56
Q

Subclavian artery is divided into 3 parts by

A

anterior scalenes

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57
Q

First part of subclavian artery

Medial to scalenes

A

Vertebral
Thyrocervical trunk
Internal thoracic

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58
Q

Second part of subclavian artery under scalene

A

Costocervical

59
Q

Third part of subclavian artery

Most superficial portion containing subclavian triangle

A

Dorsal scapular artery

Lev scap and rhomboids

60
Q

Axillary sheath contents

Extension of prevertebral layer of deep cervical fascia

A

Axillary vessels

Brachial plexus

61
Q

Axillary artery is divided into 3 parts by this muscle

A

Pectoralis minor

62
Q

1st part of axillary artery

A

Superior thoracic artery

63
Q

2nd part of axillary artery

A

Thoracoacromial artery

Lateral thoracic artery

64
Q

3rd part of axillary artery

A

Subscapular artery (largest branch)
Anterior circumflex humeral
Posterior circumflex humeral

65
Q

Continuous with the axillary artery at lower border of the teres major

A

Brachial artery

66
Q

Profunda brachii related to the nerve and this part of humerus

A

Radial nerve at midshaft or spiral groove through triangular interval to the posterior compartment

67
Q

Triangular interval boundaries

A

Superior: teres major
Medial: long head of triceps brachii
Lateral: humerus

68
Q

Groove for radial nerve and profunda brachii

A

Musculospiral groove

69
Q

Radial artery gives rise to

A

Deep palmar arch

70
Q

Ulnar artery gives rise to

A

Common interosseous artery

Superficial palmar arch

71
Q

Test prior to radial artery cannulation and bypass surgery

Should return in 7 seconds

A

Allen test

72
Q

Superficial veins of UE forms the dorsal venous arch:

A

Cephalic vein: lateral
Basilic vein: medial
Median cubital vein

73
Q

Deep veins of UE

A

Venae commitantes

74
Q

Axillary vein tributaries

A

ABC
Accompanying brachial vein
Basilic vein
Cephalic vein

75
Q

Veins of choice for central venous catheterization

A

Basilic vein
Median cubital vein

Bec they increase in diameter from cubital fossa to axillary vein
In direct line with axillary vein

76
Q

Anterior compartment of the arm

A

Flexor

Innervated by musculocutaneous

77
Q

Posterior compartment of arm

A

Extensor

Innervated by radial nerve

78
Q

Anterior compartment of forearm

A

Flexor

Innervated by median nerve

79
Q

Posterior compartment of forearm

A

Extensor

Innervated by radial nerve

80
Q

Lateral compartment of forearm innervated by

A

Radial nerve (deep)

81
Q

Adducts and flexes arm

A

Coracobrachialis

82
Q

Main flexor of forearm

A

Brachialis

83
Q

Flexes and supinates forearm

A

Biceps brachii

84
Q

Extensor of forearm

A

Triceps

85
Q

All muscles of the anterior compartment of the forearm (flexor) are innervated by median nerve except

A

Flexor carpi ulnaris
Flexor digitorum profundus

FCU
FDP median half

86
Q

All extensor muscles of forearm and arm are supplied by

A

Radial nerve

87
Q

Flexor of wrist in midposition of forearm

A

Brachioradialis

88
Q

5 cm above flexor retinaculum, median nerve emerges to the hand between

A

FCR (laterally) median nerve FDS (medially)

89
Q

Biceps reflex

A

C5-C6

90
Q

Brachioradialis reflex

A

C5, C6, C7

91
Q

Triceps reflex

A

C7-C8

92
Q

Knee jerk reflex

A

L3-L4

93
Q

Ankle reflex

A

S1-S2

94
Q

Lateral compartment or mobile wad of forearm

A

Brachioradialis
ECRB
ECRL

95
Q

Boundaries of cubital fossa

A

Floor: Brachialis, Supinator
Roof: Skin, fascia and bicipital aponeurosis

96
Q

Contents of cubital fossa

A

Lateral to medial:

Deep, Superficial Radial nerve 
Biceps tendon
Brachial/Radial artery
Brachial/Radial vein 
Median nerve
97
Q

Structures near medial epicondyle

A

Ulnar nerve

Common flexor tendon

98
Q

Contents near lateral epicondyle

A

Common extensor tendon

99
Q

Gunstock deformity

Complication of

A

Cubitus varus

supracondylar fracture

100
Q

Complication of lateral condylar fracture

A

Cubitus valgus

101
Q

Permanent shortening of forearm muscles, hand and fingers

Artery injured

A

Volkmann ischemic contracture

Brachial artery

102
Q

Complication of supracondylar fracture

A

Volkman ischemic contracture

Median nerve injury

103
Q

Long head of biceps runs over the

and originates from the

A

Intertubercular sulcus

Supraglenoid tubercle continuous with labrum

104
Q

Subscapularis inserts at

A

lesser tubercle

105
Q

3 glenohumeral ligaments

A

Superior
Middle
Inferior

All attach to the lesser tubercle originating from margin of glenoid cavity

106
Q

attaches from the lesser tubercle to greater tubercle overlying long head of biceps tendon in the intertubercular sulcus

A

transverse humera ligament

107
Q

Supraspinatus originates from the

and inserts to the

Innervation

A

Supraspinous fossa

Greater tuberosity superior facet

Suprascapualr nerve

Abduction 15

108
Q

Infraspinatus originates from

and inserts to the

Innervation

A

Infraspinous fossa

Greater tuberosity middle facet

Suprascapular nerve (Sueprior trunk of brachial plexus)

ER

109
Q

Teres minor originates from the

and inserts to the

Innervation

A

Lateral scapular border

Greater tuberosity on the inferior facet

Axillary nerve

ER

110
Q

Subscapularis originates from the

and inserts to the

Innervation

A

Subscapular fossa

Lesser tuberosity of humerus

Largest and strongest of the muscles 50% of cuff strength

Subscapular nerve (upper and lower) from posterior cord

IR

111
Q

Deltoid originates from

and inserts to the

Inn

A

Lateral third of clavicle (anterior) Flex, IR
Acromion (lateral) Abd
Spine of scapula (posterior) Ext, ER

Deltoid tuberosity

Axillary nerve

112
Q

Pecs major originates from

and inserts to

Innervation

A

Clavicular head: anteromedial half of clavicle (Flexes shoulder)

Sternocostal head: anterior surface of sternum and costal cartilage of ribs 1-6, aponeurosis of external oblique (Extension of shoulder back to anatomical position)

Lateral lip of bicipital group/intertubercular sulcus

Combined action: ADD and IR

Medial (medial cord) and lateral (lateral cord) pectoral nerves

113
Q

Axillary becomes brachial at the level of

A

Teres major

114
Q

Brachial artery runs from

A

Lower border of teres major to neck of radius

115
Q

Brachial artery 4 branches

A

Profunda brachii (largest, supplies posterior arm)
Humeral nutrient artery
Superior ulnar collateral
Inferior ulnar collateral

116
Q

Ulnar artery supplies

A

medial half of index and 3, 4, 5

117
Q

Radial artery supplies

A

Thumb and 1/2 of index

118
Q

Laat bone to complete ossification at approximately 21 years of age

A

Clavicle

119
Q

Only long bone that is ossified intramembranously

A

Clavicle

120
Q

Calcification of superior transverse scapular ligament may trap or compress this nerve

Impairs the muscles

A

Suprascapular nerve

Supraspinatus
Infraspinatus

121
Q

Common insertion of SIT muscles

A

Greater tuberosity

122
Q

Accompanies posterior dislocation of shoulder joint

Insertion of subscapularis

A

Lesser tuberosity

123
Q

Common inseetion of the pectoralis major(lateral lip), teres major (medial lip) and lattisimus dorsi on floor

A

Intertubercular Bicipital Groove

124
Q

Separates origin of lateral head of triceps above and origin of medial head below

A

Spiral groove with radial n

125
Q

Fracture of humeral shaft may injure

A

Radial nerve and deep brachial artery

126
Q

Children falling on OOH with elbow partially flexed injuring median nerve

A

Supracondylar fracture

127
Q

Fracture of the medial epicondyle damages the

A

Ulnar nerve

128
Q

Articulates with head of radius

A

Capitulum

129
Q

Insertion of brachioradialis 1cm distal to the ulna

Proximal to snuffbox

A

Styloid process of radius

130
Q

Styloid process of radius and ulna lining up on radiograph

A

Smith’s fracture

131
Q

Head of ulna is at

A

distal end

articulates with the disk of the distal radioulnar joint and styloid process

132
Q

Drainage of medial group of lymphatic vessels

A

Enters lateral axillary nodes from basilic vein draining first to central axillary nodes and then to apical axillary nodes

133
Q

Drainage of lateral group of lymphatic vessels

A

Accompanies cephalic vein and drains into lateral axillary nodes into deltopectoral infraclavicular nodes and into the apical nodes

134
Q

Lies between subclavius and pectoralis minor pierced by cephalic vein, thoracoacromial artery and lateral pectoral nerve

A

Costocoracoid membrane

135
Q

Inferior extension of fascia and attached to axillary fascia maintaining hollow of armpit

A

Suspensory ligament of axilla

136
Q

Boundaries of Axilla:

A

Medial wall: upper ribs and intercostal muscle; serratus anterior
Lateral wall: intertubercular groove of humerus
Posterior wall: subscapularis, teres major, latissimus dorsi
Anterior wall: pectoralis major, pectoralis minor and clavipectoral fascia
Base: axillary fascia and skin
Apex: interval between the clavicle, first rib and upepr border of the scapula

137
Q

Branches from upper trunk of brachial plexus

A

2
Suprascapular C5-C6
(Artery over ligament and nerve under the ligament)
Nerve to subclavius C5

138
Q

Branches from lateral cord of brachial plexus

A

2
Lateral Pectoral Nerve C5-C7
Musculocutaneous Nerve C5-C7

139
Q

Branches from medial cord of brachial plexus

A

4
Medial pectoral nerve C8-T1
Medial Brachial Cutaneous Nerve C8-T1 communicates with intercostobrachial nerve
Median Antebrachial Cutaneous Nerve C8-T1
Ulnar nerve C7-T1

140
Q

Branches from medial and lateral cord

A

Median nerve C5-T1

141
Q

Branches from posterior cord of brachial plexus

A 
Upper Subscapular Nerve C5-C6
Thoracodorsal nerve C7-C8 
Lower Subscapular Nerve C5-C6
Axillary nerve C5-C6
Radial nerve C5-T1 (largest)
142
Q

Injury to posterior cord by pressure of crosspiece of a crutch resulting in paralysis of arm

A

Crutch palay

Loss in extensors of arm, forearm and hand producing wrist drop

143
Q

Central structure of axilla

A

Axillary artery

Anatomy (13 decks)

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