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N931 Advanced Principles of Anesthesia I > UE + Brachial Plexus Anatomy > Flashcards

UE + Brachial Plexus Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

shoulder

A
  • scapula
  • most proximal upper limb joint
  • consists of scapula, clavicle and proximal humerus
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2
Q

arm bone

A

humerus

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3
Q

forearm bones

A

radius and ulna

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4
Q

wrist

A
  • carpals
  • distal radius and ulna contact carpals
  • carpals contact carpals
  • carpals contact metacarpals
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5
Q

palm bones

A

metacarpals

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6
Q

finger bones

A

digits and phalanges

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7
Q

elbow

A

-consists of distal humerus, proximal radius, and proximal ulna

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8
Q

hand

A
  • palm (metacarpals)

- fingers (phalanges)

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9
Q

what bone does the biceps brachii never attach to?

A

humerus

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10
Q

shoulder flexion

A

swings the upper limb forward at the shoulder

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11
Q

shoulder extension

A

swings the upper limb backward at the shoulder

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12
Q

dorsal (posterior) muscles of upper limbs

A

elevators or extensors

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13
Q

ventral (anterior) muscles of upper limbs

A

depressors or flexors

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14
Q

pectoris major and minor innervation

A
  • lateral pectoral nerve (from lateral cord)

- medial pectoral nerve (from medial cord)

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15
Q

deltoid innervation

A

axillary nerve

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16
Q

triceps brachii + all other extensors (superficial and deep) innervation

A

radial nerve

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17
Q

anterior flexors in arm innervation

A

musculocutaneous nerve

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18
Q

anterior flexors in forearm and hand innervation

A

median and ulnar nerves

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19
Q

progression of main artery of upper limb

A
  • suclavian
  • axillary (at axilla)
  • brachial
  • brachial splits into radial and ulnar
20
Q

structures ANTERIOR to ASM

A
  • phrenic nerve (to diaphragm)
  • subclavian vein
  • transverse cervical artery
  • suprascapular artery
21
Q

structures POSTERIOR to ASM

A
  • brachial plexus

- subclavian artery

22
Q

Erb’s palsy

A
  • results from damage to upper roots of the plexus that serve flexors in shoulder and arm
  • result = extension and pronation
  • damage to C5, C6, C7
  • mostly explained by loss of innervation of musculocutaneous nerve
23
Q

muscles innervated by musculocutaneous nerve

A
  • coracobrachialis
  • brachialis
  • biceps brachii
24
Q

klumpke’s palsy

A
  • results from damage to the lower roots (C7, C8, T1) of the brachial plexus and muscles that move the hand and wrist
  • result = limitations on elbow extension and wrist flexion
25
Q

what does the long thoracic nerve innervate?

A

serratus anterior

26
Q

scapular winging

A

a result of damage to the long thoracic nerve (C5-C7) and weakness in serratus anterior

27
Q

flexors of hand

A

attach to medial epicondyle of humerus

28
Q

extensors of hand

A

attach to lateral epicondyle of humerus

29
Q

innervation of extensors of hand

A

radial nerve

30
Q

innervation of flexors of hand

A
  • median nerve to forearm and thumb

- ulnar nerve to ulnar side of forearm and much of the hand

31
Q

layer 1 of superficial flexors of hand/wrist

A
  • arise at or near medial epicondyle
  • brachioradialis (radial)
  • pronator teres (median)
  • flexor carpi radialis (median)
  • palmar longus (median)
  • flexor carpi ulnaris (ulnar)
  • flexes wrist/hand
32
Q

layer 2 of superficial flexors of hand/wrist

A
  • arises at or near medial epicondyle
  • flexor digitorum superficialis (median)
  • flexes fingers
33
Q

layer 3 of deep flexors of hand/wrist

A
  • flexor pollicis longus (median) - flexion of fingers to make fist
  • flexor digitorum profundus (half median/half ulnar) - flexion of upper half of finger
34
Q

layer 4 of deep flexors of hand/wrist

A

-pronator quadratus (median) - pronation of wrist

35
Q

which nerve passes under the carpal tunnel?

A

median nerve

36
Q

extensor muscles of hand/wrist

A
  • arise from lateral epicondyle and go to fingers (thumb muscles not included)
  • innervated by radial nerve
  • extensor carpi radialis longus
  • extensor carpi radialis brevis
  • extensor carpi ulnaris
  • extensor digitorum
  • extensor digiti minimi
37
Q

extensor muscles going to thumb and index finger

A
  • arise primarily from ulna
  • innervated by radial nerve
  • anconeus
  • supinaotor
  • adductor pollicis longus
  • extensor pollicis brevis
  • extensor pollicis longus
  • extensor indicis
38
Q

thenar

A

thumb side

median but one small part ulnar (flexor pollicis brevis)

39
Q

hypothenar

A

pinky side

ulnar nerve

40
Q

intrinsic muscles of hand on each side you will have (3 things)

A
  • a short flexor muscle
  • an abductor muscle
  • an opponens muscle
41
Q

ulnar claw hand

A

ulnar nerve damage that leads to weakness in the 3rd and 4th lumbricals

42
Q

hand of benediction

A

median nerve damage that leads to weakness in 1st and 2nd lumbricals

43
Q

radial nerve innervation

A
  • motor innervation to all of the muscles in the extensor compartments of the arm and forearm
  • sensory innervation to the part of the dorsum of the arm, forearm and hand
44
Q

median nerve innervation

A
  • motor innervation to most of the forearm flexors, thenar muscles, 1st and 2nd lumbricals
  • sensory innervation to the rays I, II, III and the lateral 1/2 of digit IV
45
Q

ulnar nerve innervation

A
  • motor innervation of 1 half of forearm flexors, hypothenar muscles, adductor pollicis, 3rd and 4th lumbricals, all interossei
  • sensory innervation to medial 1/2 ray 4 and ray 5

N931 Advanced Principles of Anesthesia I (19 decks)

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