LE + Lumbar Plexus Anatomy Flashcards
dorsal muscles in lower extremities
- extend and abduct the hip
- flex knee and toes
- plantar flex the ankle
ventral muscles in lower extremities
- flex the hip
- extend the knee and toes
- dorsiflex the ankle
three parts of the pelvis
- ilium
- ischium
- pubis
elevators in lower extremity
DORSAL
- hip extensors
- abductors and flexors
- knee and toe extensors
- ankle dorsiflexors
depressors in lower extremitiy
VENTRAL
- hip adductors and extensors
- knee and toe flexors
- ankle plantar flexors
posterior divisions of lumbosacral plexus
-go to ventral surface elevators
anterior divisions of lumbosacral plexus
-go to medial and dorsal surface depressors
what ventral rami contribute to lumbar plexus?
L1-L4
what ventral rami contribute to sacral plexus?
L4/L5-S4
what comes off ventral rami L1?
- iliohypogastric
- ilioinguinal
what rami form the genitofemoral nerve?
L1 and L2; two branches of these rami come together to form the genitofemoral
What forms the femoral nerve?
posterior divisions of L2-L4
what does the femoral nerve innervate?
anterior thigh
what forms the obturator nerve?
anterior divisions of L2-L4
what does the obturator nerve innervate?
the medial thigh
what forms the common fibular (peroneal) nerve?
posterior divisions of L4-S2
what does the peroneal nerve innervate?
back of thigh, swings around to front of leg
what forms the tibial nerve?
the anterior divisions of L4-S4
what does the tibial nerve innervate?
continues down the back of the leg from the back of the thigh
what forms the sicatic nerve?
peroneal and tibial nerves
L4-S4 anterior and posterior divisions
what does the sicatic nerve innervate?
back of the thigh
function of iliopsoas nerve
hip flexion
function of femoral nerve
quads - hip flexion and knee extension
function of obturator nerve
adductors - hip adduction
function of peroneal nerve
anterior leg MM - dorsiflexion and toe extension
function of tibial nerve
posterior thigh and leg mm - hip extension, knee flexion, plantar flexion, and toe flexion
what forms the lateral femoral cutaneous nerve?
L2 and L3
what does the lateral femoral cutaneous nerve innervate?
the lateral aspect of the thigh
what is the main branch of the femoral nerve?
saphenous nerve
what does the saphenous nerve innervate?
the medial aspect of the leg and ankle
what does the deep branch of the peroneal innervate?
anterior compartment of leg; in between two big toes
what does the superficial branch of the peroneal innervate?
the lateral compartment of the leg
muscles of the hip
- gluteus maximums
- gluteus medius
- gluteus minimus
- piriformis
- quadratus femoris
where does the sciatic nerve emerge?
emerges from under the piriformis
quadriceps muscles
- sartorius
- vastus lateralis
- rectus femoris
- vastus medialis
what innervates quadriceps muscles?
femoral nerve
arteries of lower limb
aorta –> external iliac artery –> Profunda femoirs (deep artery of thigh) –> femoral artery –> popliteal artery –> anterior tibial –> dorsalis pedis
hamstrings muscles
BITE ME Grandma
- biceps femoris
- semitendinosis
- semimembrinosis
- grasilis
adductor muscles
- adductor longus
- adductor magnus
- adductor brevis
- pectineus
what innervates adductor muscles?
obturator nerve
-includes pectineus that also gets innervation from the femoral nerve
major extrinsic plantar flexors
- gastrocnemius (medial and lateral head)
- plantaris
- soleus
what innervates major extrinsic plantar flexors?
tibial nerve
flexors and foot invertors
- tibialis posterior
- flexor digitorum longus
- flexor hallucis longus
- popliteus
toe extensors and ankle dorsiflexors
- extensor digitorum longus
- extensor hallucis longus
- peroneus tertius
- tibialis anterior
what innervates toe extensors and ankle dorsiflexors
peroneal nerve
foot everters
- peroneus longus
- peroneus brevis
- extensor hallucis longus
- peroneus tertius
superficial intrinsic foot muscles
-plantar aponeurosis helps to stabilize the arch of the foot
short flexors and abductors of foot
- flexor digitorum brevis
- adductor digiti minimi
- abductor hallucis
- all originate from calcaneus
intrinsic foot muscles deep layer
control big toe
-similar to thenar and hypothenar eminences of the hand
goals of lower limb muscles
- maintain stiff lower limb during walking
- change limb angles to propel body forward and swing limb forward
- sense and control limb angles
gluteus maximus function during activity
- extensor that keeps you upright
- thigh/hip extension
- prevents jack-knifing of trunk
lesser gluteals (minimus and medius) function during activity
- abductors that provide balance
- thigh/hip abduction
- function to balance the pelvis
quadriceps (vasti) muscles function during activity
- extensors that resist
- extend knee
- function is to prevent collapse of the knee
hamstrings function during activity
- keep you upright
- extend hip and flex knee
- function is to prevent jack-knifing of trunk
iliopsoas function during activity
- flex thigh (hip)
- initiate limb swinging
adductors function during activity
kind of a mystery
adduct thigh
ankle plantar flexors function during activity
- power locomotion
- plantarflex
- drives toe-off and can store energy
ankle dorsiflexors function during activity
- clearing the floor and landing
- dorsiflex
- control foot position during swing and position foot for heel-strike
nerves that travel around the lateral ankle to the plantar surface of the foot
Tom Dick and never Harry Tibialis posterior flexor Digitorum longus post tib Artery tibial Nerve flexor Hallucis longus
