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Grade 12- Second Quarter Exams > UCSP SECOND SEM > Flashcards

UCSP SECOND SEM Flashcards

1
Q

a process individuals go through all throughout their lifetime.

A

ENCULTURATION

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2
Q
  • A conscious and unconscious process starting from birth until death
  • Happens through education, family, peers, and other individuals who socialize with a
    person throughout their lifetime.
A

ENCULTURATION

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3
Q

Through enculturation, a person learns and understands social norms, values, behavior,
language, and culture.
TRUE OF FALSE

A

TRUE

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4
Q

Through socialization, a person learns and understands social norms, values, behavior,
language, and culture.
TRUE OR FALSE

A

FALSE- ENCULTURATION

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5
Q

Because of enculturation, a person becomes aware of their rights, obligations, and
privileges as a member of a society.
TRUE OR FALSE

A

TRUE

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6
Q

Because of socialization, a person becomes aware of their rights, obligations, and
privileges as a member of a society.
TRUE OR FALSE?

A

FALSE- Enculturation

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7
Q

In encutulturation, There should be a common and universal consensus existing within a society for norms to
be effective and successful.
True or false

A

True

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8
Q

processes and techniques observed by members of society towards an acceptable, proper, and desirable way of living.

A

SOCIALIZATION

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9
Q

ENCULTURATION VS SOCIALIZATION

A
  • Socialization is a process that helps individuals acquire the skills and knowledge necessary to function within their culture. Enculturation, on the other hand, is about understanding and embracing the culture itself.
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10
Q

Every member if a ssociety has their own ——— or roles.
What is mentioned?

A

Status

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11
Q

Two types of status

A

Ascribed and achieved

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12
Q

What type of status is obtained through birth
Ex. Sex, race, ancestry, etc.

A

Ascribed Status

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13
Q

What type of status is obtained through one’s achievement?
Ex. Educational degree, profession, marriage, etc.

A

Achieved status

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14
Q

What an individual is expected to do given their status

A

Role

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15
Q

Hierarchy of social worth

A

Social stratification

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16
Q

society’s categorization of its people into rankings of socioeconomic tiers based on factors like wealth, income, race, education, and power

A

Social stratification

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17
Q

an intangible idea of one’s self respect, self-esteem, and self-regard

A

Human dignity

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18
Q

“All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights”
This is from what article?

A

Article I of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights

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19
Q

Human dignity is immeasurable, personal and invaluable, when it is attacked degradation and humiliation is experienced hindering one’s self-development.
True or False?

A

True

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20
Q

Human dignity is not immeasurable, personal and invaluable, when it is attacked degradation
and humiliation is experienced hindering one’s self-development.
True or false

A

False

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21
Q

All humans are entitled to having rights regardless of skin color, age, height, race, etc.

A

Fr

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22
Q

The protection of human dignity has been an integral part of our society which is why
offices like ————— is established to oversee the
implementation of human rights in the country.
What is in the blank?

A

Commission on Human Rights (CHR)

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23
Q

a concept which guarantees equality, freedom from degrading behavior, discrimination, and prejudicial views.

A

HUMAN RIGHTS

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24
Q

A set of privileges as a human
- Respecting others and their rights is important for the common good
- Whenever our human rights are protected, so is our human dignity

A

HUMAN RIGHTS

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25
Q

HOW MANY HUMAN RIGHTS ARE IN THE UDHR?

A

30

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26
Q

UNITED NATIONS GENERAL ASSEMBLY ADOPTED WHAT?

A

DECLARATION OF THE RIGHTS OF A CHILD

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27
Q

10 PRINCIPLES THAT GOVERN THE RIGHTS OF CHILDREN

A
  1. The right to equality, without distinction on account of race, religion, or national origin.
  2. The right to special protection for the child’s physical, mental, and social development.
  3. The right to a name and a nationality.
  4. The right to adequate nutrition, housing, and medical services.
  5. The right to special education and treatment when a child is physically or mentally handicapped.
  6. The right to understanding and love by parents and society.
  7. The right to recreational activities and free education.
  8. The right to be among the first to receive relief in all circumstances.
  9. The right to protection against all forms of neglect, cruelty, and exploitation.
  10. The right to be brought up in a spirit of understanding, tolerance, friendship among
    peoples, and universal brotherhood.
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28
Q
A

The 30 Basic Human Rights in the UDHR
1. We are all free and equal. We are all born free. We all have our own thoughts and ideas. We should all be treated in the same way.
2. Don’t discriminate. These rights belong to everybody, whatever our differences.
3. The right to life. We all have the right to life, and to live in freedom and safety.
4. No slavery – past and present. Nobody has any right to make us a slave. We cannot make
anyone our slave.
5. No Torture. Nobody has any right to hurt us or to torture us.
6. We all have the same right to use the law. I am a person just like you!
7. We are all protected by the law. The law is the same for everyone. It must treat us all fairly.
8. Fair treatment by fair courts. We can all ask for the law to help us when we are not treated
fairly.
9. No unfair detainment. Nobody has the right to put us in prison without a good reason and
keep us there, or to send us away from our country.
10. The right to trial. If we are put on trial this should be in public. The people who try us
should not let anyone tell them what to do.
11. Innocent until proven guilty. Nobody should be blamed for doing something until it is
proven. When people say we did a bad thing we have the right to show it is not true.
12. The right to privacy. Nobody should try to harm our good name. Nobody has the right to
come into our home, open our letters or bother us or our family without a good reason.
13. Freedom to move. We all have the right to go where we want in our own country and to

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29
Q

SUPREME GOAL OF THE GOVERNMENT AND STATE

A

PROMOTING AND PROTECTING THE COMMON GOOD

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30
Q

the sum total of the conditions of social life which enable people to enjoy basic human rights as members of the society.

A

THE COMMON GOOD

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31
Q

A collection of people who happened to be together in a particular place - No significant interaction or identity with one another

A

SOCIAL AGGREGATE

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32
Q

People who share a common characteristic.
EX GENDER, OCCUPATION, ETC.

THEY DO NOT INTERACT WITH EACH OTHER

A

SOCIAL CATEGORIES

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33
Q

Not just a collection of beings
- The need for common interests to necessitate interaction with each other

A

GROUPS

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34
Q

A collection of individuals who have regular contact, frequent interaction, mutual
influence, and common feeling of belongingness and work together towards a common
goal
- Example: Family, Peer group, Interest group
- The quality of feeling one has for and with the other individuals in the group

A

GROUP

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35
Q

Collection of people who regularly interact with one another on basis of shared expectations concerning behavior and share a sense of common identity

A

SOCIAL GROUP

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36
Q

KINDS OF GROUP LIFE
PSRIO

A

PRIMARY GROUP
SECONDARY GROUP
REFERENCE GROUP
IN GROUP
OUT GROUP

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37
Q

Direct and personal interactionCharacterized by personal orientation, long-term
relationships, and broadly-defined relationships
- Tremendous influence in individual members
- Examples: Families and close friendships
WHAT KIND OF GROUP LIFE?

A

PRIMARY GROUP

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38
Q
  • Goal oriented
  • Short-term and variable relationships
  • Narrowly-defined relationships
  • Examples: Coworkers and political organization
A

Secondary Groups - Members have casual contact

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39
Q

serve as a point of reference in one’s decision making and evaluation
- Provides a standard
- Serve as models for decisions we make
- Example: KPop stars and classmates

A

REFERENCE GROUP

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40
Q

Strong involvement
- Invokes a sense of loyalty and identification
WHAT KIND OF GROUP LIFE?

A

INGROUP

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41
Q

groups you do not identify with
- Feelings of competition or opposition
- Tendency to dislike or reject people outside of your group
WHAT KIND OF GROUP LIFE?

A

OUT GROUP

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42
Q

When members seek satisfaction by being like the other members

A

When members seek satisfaction by being like the other members

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43
Q

Concluded two main reasons for conformity: (1) people want to be liked by the group or
(2) they believe the group is better informed than they are

A

Solomon Asch’s Research

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44
Q
  • Explored the willingness of individuals to follow the orders of authorities when those
    orders conflict with the individual’s own moral judgment
  • People obey either out of fear or out of a desire to appear cooperative–even when acting
    against their own better judgment and desires
  • His research demonstrated how far people will go to obey authority
A

STANLEY MILGRAM’S RESEARCH

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45
Q

Involves acting or agreeing with the majority in a specific group and behaving in a way
that is seen as usual by those people

A

SOLOMON ASCH’S RESEARCH

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46
Q

a community of people occupying a definite portion of the Earth’s surface
- Has its own government
- Inhabitants render habitual obedience free from outside control
- A political concept

A

STATE

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47
Q

FOUR ELEMENTS OF STATE
PTGS

A

PEOPLE
NATION
GOVERNMENT
SOVEREIGNTY

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48
Q

Composed of both males and females for the purpose of reproduction
WHAT ELEMENT OF STATE?

A

PEOPLE

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49
Q
  • Fixed and bounded portion of land
    WHAT ELEMENT OF STATE
A

TERRITORY

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50
Q

The body where people, through representatives, can express their desires.
WHAT ELEMENT OF STATE?

A

GOVERNMENT

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51
Q

Supreme power of the state to rule itself without interference from other states
WHAT KIND OF ELEMENT OF STATE?

A

SOVEREIGNTY

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52
Q

Should be established by the people themselves
- The people should follow the law and respect the authority
WHAT ELEMENT OF STATE

A

GOVERNMENT

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53
Q

A STATE CAN EXIST WITHOUT A GOVERNMENT. TRUE OR FALSE?

A

FALSE

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54
Q

A state is an independent entity where people enjoy freedom
- A territory is not a state if it is not independent
WHAT ELEMENT OF STATE

A

SOVEREIGNITY

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55
Q
  • Inhabitants have the responsibility to protect and conserve it.
  • People must be able to defend their state from invaders justifying the use of force.
    WHAT KIND OF ELEMENT OF STATE ?
A

TERRITORY

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56
Q

Refers to the people who have a common origin, language, beliefs, and customs - Focuses on the people and their cultural commonality
- An ethnic concept

A

NATION

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57
Q

Origins of state
D S F

A

DIVINE RIGHT THEORY
SOCIAL CONTRACT THEORY
FORCE THEORY

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58
Q

The state was created by God for the people
WHAT ORIGIN OF A STATE?

A

DIVINE RIGHT THEORY

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59
Q

People agreed to establish the state for their common benefit

WHAT ORIGIN OF A STATE?

A

SOCIAL CONTRACT THEORY

60
Q

State was established through the use of force in order for people to follow.
WHAT ORIGIN OF STATE?

A

FORCE THEORY

61
Q

Makes laws, policies, and programs for the state
- Protects the national territory and the people from invaders and lawless elements with the
help of the Armed Forces

A

GOVERNMENT

62
Q

FORMS OF DEMOCRACY
D M A/0 D/A

A

DEMORACY
MONARCHY
ARISTOCRACY/ OLIGARCHY
DICTATORIAL/ AUTHORITARIAN

63
Q

TWO KINDS OF DEMOCRACY

A

DIRECT AND INDIRECT

64
Q

The power of the government is exercised directly by the people.
WHAT KIND OF DEMOCRACY?

A

DIRECT DEMOCRACY

65
Q

The power of the government is exercised by the people through representatives
- Citizens elect representatives to govern the state
- Examples: Philippines, United States, Canada
WHAT KIND OF DEMOCRACY ?

A

INDIRECT

66
Q

TWO TYPES OF MONARCHY
AL

A

ABSOLUTE AND LIMITED

67
Q

Power of the government is in the hands of a monarch
- Succeeding kings (monarchs) would also come from the same bloodline.
WHAT KIND OF MONARCHY?

A

ABSOLUTE MONARCHY

68
Q
  • AKA Constitutional Monarchy
  • Power of the government is based on what is written in the constitution
  • The presence of a separate leader from the monarch helps govern the state
  • Examples: United Kingdom, Thailand, Malaysia
    WHAT KND OF MONARCHY ?
A

LIMITED MONARCHY

69
Q

The power of the government is in the hands of the wealthiest/privileged class
- The wealth translates to political control

A

ARISTOCRACY/ OLIGARCHY

70
Q

Power is exercised and controlled by one person or a small group of people
- There is no freedom in this type of government
- Example: The Philippines under Ferdinand Marcos, Sr.

A

DICTATORIAL OR AUTHORITARIAN

71
Q

Three major branches of the ph government.
LEJ

A

LEGISLATIVE
EXECUTIVE
JUDICIARY

72
Q

Enact, amend, and repeal laws.
WHAT MAJOR BRANCH OF PH GOV?

A

LEGISLATIVE

73
Q

In-charge with the administration of laws and of the state.
WHAT KIND OF MAJOR BRANCH OF PH GOV.

A

EXECUTIVE

74
Q

Interprets the law. WHAT KIND MAJOR BRANCH OF LAW?

A

JUDICIARY

75
Q
  • Can also investigate in aid of legislation, decide electoral controversies through the
    Electoral Tribunal (decides on all contests on the election, returns, and qualifications of the Members of Senate), confirm appointments made by the president
    WHAT KIND OF MAJOR BRANCH OF PH GOV
A

LEGISLATIVE

76
Q

Ensures that the laws are implemented
- Headed by the president and is assisted by the vice president
- Includes cabinet members who are appointed by the president
WHAT KIND OF MAJOR BRANCH IN PH GOV

A

EXECUTIVE

77
Q

Includes the Supreme Court and the lower courts
- Supreme Court is composed of the Chief Justice and fourteen associate justices
- Lower courts: Court of Appeals, Regional Trial Courts, Metropolitan Trial Courts,
Municipal Circuit Trial Courts
- Also includes the Court of Tax Appeals, Sandiganbayan, and Shari’ah Courts
WHAT KIND OF MAJO BRANCH OF PH GOV.

A

JUDICIARY

78
Q

Organizations supporting common ideologies, principles, and policies for the general
administration of the government
- Primary goal is to gain control of the government

A

POLITICAL PARTIES

79
Q

TYPE OF POLITICAL PARTIES
C M

A

CADRE PARTIES
MASS PARTIES

80
Q

Members come from elite local organizations

A

CADRE PARTIES

81
Q

Cause-oriented PARTY

A

MASS PARTIESS

82
Q

Influenced by the federal form of government
- Federalism: Power is divided between the central government and local state
governments. Each state shall be empowered to handle their own laws, finances, development plans, health, education, and infrastructure, among others.

A

CADRE PARTIES

83
Q

Involvement comes from the quest to create public policy from their policy preference
- Commonly comes from representatives of interest groups like landowners, labor forces,
trade unions, and financial and commercial sectors

A

MASS PARTIES

84
Q

When resources and wealth of a country are improperly allocated, there would be people
who get more and others would get less
- Poverty is a result of unequal distribution of wealth

A

Social Inequality by Unequal Distribution of Wealth

85
Q

Exploit wealth and enjoy economic and social privileges

A

Capitalists and Oligarchs

86
Q

is achieved when both men and women benefit from the same rights and
opportunities
- Collides with the patriarchal culture of society

A

Gender equality issues

87
Q
  • States integrate with one another to establish strong economic cooperation
A

Globalization

88
Q

Increase in Earth’s average temperature due to greenhouse gasses

A

Global warming

89
Q

long-term change in the Earth’s climate

A

Climate change

90
Q

Due to industrialization, there has been an increase in activities that harm the
environment leading to global warming and climate change

A
91
Q

Members of a political community
- Submits themselves to the government to promote common good and for the protection
of rights

A

Citizen

92
Q

Responsible for protecting the interests of its people

A

Governmwntt

93
Q

Duties of a citizen, give three exmples

A

Be loyal to the Republic
● Defend the State
● Contribute to the development and welfare of the State
Conflict in the Southern Philippines

● Uphold the Constitution and obey the laws
● Cooperate with duly-constituted authorities
● Exercise rights responsibly with due regard for the rights of others
● Engage in gainful work
● Register and vote

94
Q

Challenges of the state
PETECUS

A

Poverty
Education
Terrorism
Environmental issues
Corruption
Unemployment nd underremployment
Sovereignity

95
Q

state or condition in which a person or community lacks the financial
resources and essentials for a minimum standard of living.
What challenge of state?

A

Poverty

96
Q

Inability of people to acquire specialized skills, such as cognitive skills, socialization, memorization of facts which are necessary for personal development and
the development of society.
What kind of challenge of state?

A

Education

97
Q

The unlawful use of violence and intimidation, especially against civilians, in the pursuit of political aims.
What kind of challenge of the state?

A

Terrorism

98
Q

The harmful effects of human activities on the environment.
What kind of challenge of the state?

A

Environmental issues

99
Q
  • dishonest or fraudulent conduct by those in power typically involving
    money
    WHAT KIND OF CHALLENGE OF THE STATE?
A

CORRUPTION

100
Q

refers to the number of people who want a job and do not have one.
WHAT KIND OF CHALLENGE OF STATE?

A

UNEMPLOYMENT

101
Q

t - represents people who are working in a job that does not match their skills or abilities, often leading to earning less than what he or she should earn.
WHAT KIND OF CHALLENGES OF STATE?

A

UNDEREMPLOYMENT

102
Q

absence of independence and freedom in the state

A

SOVEREIGNITY

103
Q

SOCIAL ISSUES IN THE CONTEMPORARY TIMES
SGID

A

SOCIAL INEQUALITIES BY UNEQUAL DISTRIBUTION OF WEALTH
GENDER EQUALITY ISSUES
INDEGINOUS CULTURAL COMMUNITIES
DISCRIMINATION AGAINST PERSONS WITH DISABILITIES

104
Q

POLITICAL AND ECONOMIC ISSUES IN THE DOMESTIC ARENA

A

THE PLIGHT OF FILIPINO LABORERS
ARMED CONFLICT IN THE SOUTHERN PHILIPPINES

105
Q

TYPES OF EDUCATION

A

FORMAL
NONFORMAL
INFORMAL

106
Q

Sickness are caused by supernatural beings. WHAT KIND OF DOCTOR?

A

ALBULARYO

107
Q

HOW DOES ALBULARYO HEAL PEOPLE

A

Bulong/oration ● Rituals

108
Q

THIS KIND OF DOCTOR DIAGNOSE SPRAINS AND FRACTURES

A

MANGHIHILOT

109
Q

HOW DOES MANGHIHILOT HEAL?

A

BULONG/ ORATION AND MASSAGE

110
Q

Determines cause of illness by using potassium alum, candles, eggs, mirror, plain paper, and paper used for rolling cigarettes
WHAT KIND OF DOCTOR?

A

MANGTATAWAS

111
Q

HOW DOES MANGTATAWAS HEAL?

A

● Bulong/oration
● Rituals
● Recommendation to other
folk doctors

112
Q

Determines cause based on the appearance formed from a burned mixture of water, shell, salt, palm leaf, and charcoal from coconut shell. What kind of doctor?

A

Manglulukop

113
Q

How does manglulukop heal?

A

Bulong/oration
● Rituals
● Recommendation to other
folk doctors

114
Q

Illness is caused by sorcery. What kind of doctor?

A

Mangbabarang

115
Q

How does mangbabarang heal?

A

Bulong/oration o rituals

116
Q

The process of enhancing the holistic abilities of an individual toward becoming a responsible citizen.

A

Education

117
Q

The Philippine Constitution holds on to the right of all citizens to quality education at all levels and that the State shall take appropriate steps to make such education accessible to all. What article?

A

(Section 1 Article 14)

118
Q

● Institutional
● Hierarchical
● Standardized and organized
(Curriculum based)
● Diplomas and certificates upon
accomplishment
● Example: School
What type of education?

A

Formal

119
Q

● Organized and systematic education activity
● Flexible and diversified curriculum adapting to learners
● Complements formal education
● No certification
● Example: Sports programs and
Professional Seminars
What type of education?

A

Nonformal education

120
Q

● Lifelong process
● Does not require organized curriculum
or system
● Learning by participating in a society
● Example: Going to Museums,
Learning your Mother tongue language
What kind of education?

A

Informal education

121
Q

The belief in and worship of a superhuman power or powers, especially a God or gods - A particular system of faith and worship

A

Religion

122
Q

The belief that spirits and supernaturals dwell everywhere
- The spirits and supernaturals mostly have ties with nature
- Expressed adoration through idols (Anito)
- Bathalang Maykapal - Supreme Being, the Creator
- Babaylan/Katalona - Spiritual leaders

A

Animism

123
Q

The biggest religion in the country
- Sixteenth Century
- Brought by Spanish missionaries
- God is the creator and sustainer of everything

A

Christianity

124
Q

Sacred text of Christianity

A

Bible

125
Q

Triune God of Christianity

A

Father, Son and Holy Spirit

126
Q

The first organized religion to reach the Philippine Islands
- Fourteenth Century

A

ISLAM

127
Q

brough Islamism to the Philippines

A
  • Sheikh Karim ul’ Makhdum
128
Q

one of the oldest Mosques in South East Asia.

A
  • Sheikh Karimul Makhdum Mosque -
129
Q

Founder of Islam, Prophet

A

MUHAMMAD

130
Q

SACRED TEXT OF ISLAM

A

QU’RAN

131
Q

PLACE OF WORSHIP FOR ISLAM

A

MOSQUE

132
Q

HOLY CITY FOR MUSLIMS

A

MECCA

133
Q

Began during the time of Abraham who received revelations from God or Yahweh

A

JUDAISM

134
Q

HEBRE BIBLE

A

TORAH

135
Q

Sacred temple or place of worship.

A

SYNAGOGUE

136
Q
  • a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being and not merely the absence of
    disease or infirmity
  • Ancient Filipinos believe illnesses were caused by supernatural entities
  • Prayers and sacrifices by a Babaylan were performed to cure illnesses
  • Folk doctors - believes their healing skills came from supernatural beings or is a gift
A

HEALTH

137
Q

believes their healing skills came from supernatural beings or is a gift

A

FOLK DOCTORS

138
Q

serves as the structure of the study. It gives direction to the study and makes the research more systematic.

A

Research design

139
Q

Types of quantitative research designs

A

Experimental and non-experimental

140
Q

– is a quantitative research design that bases its research method on scientific activity called experiment, in which test or examination of a thing under manipulated or controlled environment is sone to determine its validity or truthfulness.

A

Experimental research design

141
Q

– is a quantitative research design that is capable of giving qualitative and quantitative data, but more on qualitative data. Hence, this is often used in the field or social sciences.

A

Non-experimental design

142
Q

Experimental research design has two types.
QT

A

Quasi-experimental and True experimental

143
Q

Non-experimental has 4 types
CCDS

A

Correlational, Comparative, Survey and descriptive

144
Q

Prone to bias caused by your purposive rather than random selection of participants. This is used to investigate causal relationships when the researcher cannot (or doesn’t want to) randomly assign participants.
What type of experimental research design?

A

Quasi-experimental

145
Q

Random selection of participants. It’s a bias free selection that ensures objectivity of results. This is the best way to examine causal relationship.
What kind of experimental research design?

A

True experimental

146
Q

States the difference or similarities between or among people, things, objects, etc. It compares the variables but it does not focus on the relationship.
What type of non experimental research

A
147
Q
  • An effect of globalization where it favors the deregulation of markets and
    industries, the lowering of taxes and tariffs, and the privatization of government functions, passing them over to private business
A

neoliberalism

Grade 12- Second Quarter Exams (6 decks)

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