UCSP REVIEWER Flashcards by Ellie mojojo

is a group of academic
disciplines that focus on how individuals
behave within society.
-is one of the branches of science,
devoted to the study of societies and the
relationships among individuals within
those societies

SOCIAL SCIENCES

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

is the systematic study of
humanity, with the goal of
understanding our evolutionary origins,
our distinctiveness as a species, and the
great diversity in our forms of social
existence across the world and through
time.

ANTHROPOLOGY

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Study of human relationship
and institutions.

SOCIOLOGY

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

is the study of politics
and power from domestic, international,
and comparative perspectives.

POLITICAL SCIENCE

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

studies humans and what it means to be a human.

CULTURAL ANTHROPOLOGY

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

is the study of humans as
cultural beings.

ETHNOLOGY

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

is the study of the human
past using material remains

ARCHEOLOGY

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Study of the
relationship between language and
culture.

Anthropological linguistics

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

is a macro-
level theory that sees society as an
interconnected system with each part
having a different function while still
working together. Functionalists view
society as a system whose parts work
together to promote solidarity and
stability

STRUCTURAL FUNCTIONALISM

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

focuses on the
competition among groups within
society over limited resources

CONFLICT THEORY

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

views social and
economic institutions as tools of the
struggle among groups or classes, used
to maintain inequality and the
dominance of the ruling class.

CONFLICT THEORY

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

sometimes
called symbolic interaction perspective,
is a sociology theory that seeks to
understand humans’ relationship with
their society by focusing on the symbols
that help us give meaning to the
experiences in our life.

SYMBOLIC INTERACTION THEORY

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Group of people sharing
common identity, culture, territory, and
language who act together for collective
survival and well-being.

SOCIETY

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

everything a person learns as a
member of the society. People ways of
living.

CULTURE

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Tangible (all
material objects) and Non-Tangible
(belief, norms, tradition etc.)

Components of culture

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

product of behavior
and of the society. Develops through
social interaction.

CULTURE IS SOCIAL

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Culture varies from society to society-

culture is unique to itself due to the fact
that it is a human product.

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

culture is unique to itself due to the fact
that it is a human product.

Culture varies from society to society-

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

people in the society
shares ideas, activities and artifacts.
Transmission is not automatic but largely
depends on the willingness of people to
give and receive it

CULTURE IS SHARED

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Learned socially rather than biologically.
Handed to generations through
generations as a product of
enculturation and acculturation.

CULTURE IS LEARNED AND TRANSMITTED

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Culture exists as a continuous process
and it is responsive to the changing
world.

Culture is continuous and cumulative-

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

practice of comparing other cultural practices. Finding other cultural practices to be inferior and their culture
as superior.
“My culture is the best”. “Our family’s culture is the most important”.

ETHNOCENTRISM

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Preference for the foreign cultures. Seeing their culture as inferior and other’s as superior. “Koreans culture is so much better that Filipinos Culture.”

XENOCENTRISM

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Idea that all norms, beliefs and values are dependent of their cultural context. Practicing diversity. “All cultures are unique and beautiful”

CULTURAL RELATIVISM

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Man was created by God on the 6th day of creation out of dust

BIBLICAL THEORY

Tagalog story of Malakas and Maganda

MYTHS AND LEGEND

Natural selection is the process through which species adapt to their environments. It is the engine that drives evolution. Over time, these advantageous traits become more common in the population. Through this process of natural selection, favorable traits aretransmitted through generations.

SCIENTIFIC THEORY (NATURAL SELECTION BY CHARLES DARWIN)

can lead to speciation, where one species gives rise to a new and distinctly different species. It is one of the processes that drives evolution and helps to explain the diversity of life on Earth.

NATURAL SELECTION

ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS THAT INITIATED HUMAN EVOLUTION

CONTINENTAL DRIFT (PANGAEA) CLIMATE CHANGE

BIOLOGICAL FACTORS THAT INITIATED THE EVOLUTION OF MAN

-development and enlargement of brain -development and enlargement of vocal tract -improvement of the gripping capacity

first to discover in African Region. First to exhibit bipedalism (walking using two feet).

AUSTRALOPITHECUS

lived 2.4- 1.4 million years ago. Toolmaker.

HOMO HABILIS

First to travel outside Africa. First user and maker of fire.

HOMO ERECTUS

First known creator of clothes and ornaments. First practitioner of burials.

HOMO NEANDERTHALENCIS

During a time of dramatic climate change 300,000 years ago, Homo sapiens evolved in Africa. Anatomically they are the modern humans who were practicing industrialization.

HOMO SAPIENS

Paleonthropolgcal fraud in which bone fragments were presented as the fossilized remains of a previously ape and human.

PILTDOWN MAN

is a model that attempts to explain the history of human migration on a global scale. According to this theory, there were 3 consecutive waves where Filipino came from. They are from Negritos, Indonesians, and Malays.

THE WAVES OF MIGRATION THEORY

Filipinos descended from Austronesians (product of intermarriage between Australoids and Mongoloids), who first interacted within the present-day ASEAN region and spread throughout the region through maritime travel.

AUSTRONESIAN THEORY

First man in Philippines. Was discovered at Callao cave, Cagayan on 2007

CALLAO MAN

discovered at Tabon Cave, Palawan and said to be 30,000 years old

TABON MAN

tools were small and handy as well as their arts. Accessories are limited to personal collections. Their subsistence is foraging.

Paleolithic Period (old stone age)

wider and bigger tools. Subsistence agriculture.

Neolithic Period (new stone age)

the process whereby an individual learns to adjust to a group (or society) and behave manner approved by the group (or society). According to most scientists, socialization essentially represents the whole process of learning throughout the life course and is a central influence on the behaviour, beliefs, and actions of adults as well as of children.

SOCIALIZATION

is a first culture learning process, wherein a person understands and internalizes the native culture. It makes an individual aware of his roles, position and functions in society.

ENCULTURATION

is the second culture learning process wherein an individual learns other's cultures and modifies the culture he/she practices.

ACCULTURATION

is important for easily adapting oneself to the foreign environment. Due to this redsull, acculturation can be seen among the people who are far from their native places.

ACCULTURATION

is the position of an individual in relation to another or others, especially in regard to social or professional standing.

STATUS

is beyond an individual's control. It is not earned, but rather is something people are either born with or had no control over. Examples of ascribed status include sex, race, and age. Children usually have more ascribed statuses than adults, since they do not usually have a choice in most matters.

Ascribed Status

on the other hand, is one that is acquired on the basis of merit; it is a position that is earned or chosen and reflects a person's skills, abilities, and efforts. Being a professional athlete, for example, is an achieved status, as is being a lawyer, college professor, or even a criminal.

Achieved Status

people find themselves pulled in various directions as they try to respond to the many statuses they hold.

Role conflict

refers to the stress an individual faces when failing to meet the expectations of specific social role. You cannot balance your role as a student-athlete.

ROLE STRAIN

When an individual stops engaging in a role previously central to their identity and begins the process of establishing a new identity.

ROLE EXIT

the process whereby people change their beliefs, attitudes, actions, or perceptions to more closely match those held by groups to which they belong or want to belong or by groups whose approval they desire.

CONFORMITY

-is any behavior that violates social norms, and is usually of sufficient severity to warrant disapproval from the majority of the society

DEVIANCE

proposes that people's relationships, commitments, norms, and beliefs encourage them not to break the law

SOCIAL CONTROL

unit of people who interact with some regularity and identify themselves as a unit. Collection of people interacting together in an orderly way on the basis of shared expectations.

GROUP

Dyad (2 people) and Triad (3 people)

SMALL GROUP

IN GROUP VS OUT GROUP

Groups according to membership

IN GROUP VS OUT GROUP

PRIMARY AND SECONDARY GROUP

considered as ideal group

REFERENCE GROUP

GROUP THINK AND SOCIAL LOAFING/FREE RIDING

GROUP DYNAMICS

is an approach that proposes a specific way to manage an organization. It proposes that the most appropriate way to run an organization is to structure it into a rigid hierarchy of individuals governed by strict rules and regulations.

Max Weber's theory of bureaucracy

collectivist organizations model is proposed by

Karl marx

in which supervisors and workers function equals for equal wages, would replace the bureaucracies.

COLLECTIVIST ORGANIZATION MODEL

refers to small and highly relational communities, like agrarian societies. These are typically rural communities that are very traditional and very family and community- oriented

GEMEINSCHAFT

means "society." This term refers to modern, usually urban societies in which people are more relationally isolated from one another than in traditional, Gemeinschaft communities. An example of Gesellschaft is any large, modern, urban society like New York City. People live very close together regarding physical distance but live their lives are isolated from the millions of people around them

GESELLSCHAFT