GEN BIO Flashcards by Ellie mojojo

Which of the following is/are TRUE about flowers?

I. This organ is present in angiosperms only (or flower-bearing plants.

Il. possesses whorls of often colorful

I, II

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it is usually a green flattened lateral structure attached to a stem as a principal organ of photosynthesis

leaf

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Which of the following is TRUE about vascular bundle arrangement in roots of dicots?

The stele is very small and the xylem is localed centrally with the phloem surrounding it

2 xylem vessels may fom a cross-like shape (X’ for xylem), while the phlem is situated in the surrounding gaps

3, xyem vessels will be located more intenally and phloem vessels will be located more externally

1,2

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The human body has dual circulation: systemic circulation and pulmonary circulation. What does pulmonary circulation transport?

A. Deoxygenated blood to the heart, oxygenated blood to the
lungs
B. Deoxygenated blood to the lungs, oxygenated blood to the
heart
C. Oxygenated blood to the body, deoxygenated blood to the
lungs
D. Oxygenated blood to the lungs, deoxygenated blood to the heart

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Meristematic tissue can be divided into two:
A. cork; cambium
B. cortex; pith
C. apical; lateral
D. xylem; phloem
and

C. APICAL; LATERAL

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What is the ultimate goal of gametogenesis?
A. to enhance sex drive among organisms
B. to maintain the number of sex cells in the body, and eliminate the weak ones
C. to make sure that the body is healthy through the production of egg and sperm cell
D. to produce viable gametes or sex cells that are haploid to participate in the process of fertilization

D. to produce viable gametes or sex cells that are haploid to participate in the process of fertilization

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Body is covered with spiny surface, with an internal skeleton inside their body. These provide support and protection to the animal. They use their “tube feet” to move from one place to
another.
A. centipedes, millipedes
B. insects, crabs, spiders
C. snail, clam, oyster, octopus
D. starfish, sea cucumber, sea urchin

D. starfish, sea cucumber, sea urchin

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These serve as the main conducting tissues which transport needed materials by the plant throughout its body via complex tissues.
A. vascular tissue system
B. ground tissue system
C. meristematic tissue system
D. dermal tissue system

A. vascular tissue system

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Complete the analogy: xylem:__ phloem:__

A.tracheids; vessels
B. sieve tubes; tracheids
C. tracheids; sieve tubes
D. sieve tubes; companion cells

C. tracheids; sieve tubes

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Which of the following is NOT a property of phloem?
A. transports water unidirectionally
B. supported by companion cells that help with loading/ unloading of materials
C. transports water and food bidirectionally
D. composed of sieve element cells which connect to form a tube, forming sieve tubes

A. transports water unidirectionally

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It is a special type of meristem that occurs between mature tissues and regenerates the parts removed by grazing animals in grasses.

A.cork cambium
B.fascicular cambium
C.shoot apical meristem
D. intercalary meristem

D. intercalary meristem

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Which of the following statements is/are FALSE about the vascular bundle in the stem of both monocots and dicots?

In monocotyledons, the vascular bundles are found in a scattered arrangement throughout the stem.
In dicotyledons, the vascular bundles are arranged in a circle around the center of the stem (pith).

A. Neither 1 nor 2
B. 1,2 ex
C. 1
D. 2

A. Neither 1 nor 2

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Because of evolution, nematodes developed a two-way opening. It permits the independent elimination of waste and the ingestion of food.

A. Both statements are factual.
B. Both statements are untrue.
C. Only the first statement is factual.
D. Only the second statement is factual.

A. Both statements are factual.

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Fertilization in which gametes are produced by separate individuals or sometimes by individuals of different kinds is
called
A. cross-fertilization
B. dioecism
C. direct development
D. isogamy

A. cross-fertilization

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bring messages to CNS:
; carry messages from CNS:
pass messages between sensory and motor
neurons in the CNS
A. interneurons; motor neurons; sensory neurons
B. interneurons; sensory neurons; motor neurons
C. motor neurons; sensory neurons; interneurons
D. sensory neurons; motor neurons; interneurons

D. sensory neurons; motor neurons; interneurons

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The first step in the germination process is

A. metabolic activation of a dormant seed
B. hydrolysis of maltose to glucose for energy
C. synthesis of amylase, breaking down starch into maltose
D. absorption of water which causes gibberellin to be produced

A. metabolic activation of a dormant seed

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the ____ tissue (cortex and pith) is found internally and assist and storage of materials within the stem

vascular

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Which of the following is/are TRUE about seeds?

I.This is the mature ovule of a flowering plant
II. It is Considered as the embryo. which bears young plant.
III. Seeds might contain one cotyledon (epicotyl) or two cotyledons (hypocotyl)

A. I, II
B.I,II, III
C.I, III
D. II, III

A. I, II

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Which of the following factors considered as essential condtions affect seed germination?
A water, oxygen, fire, freezing
8. temperature, optimal pH, digestion
C. fire, freezing, digestion
D, water, oxygen, temperature, and optimal pH

D, water, oxygen, temperature, and optimal pH

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Which of the following is TRUE about vascular bundle arrangement in the roots of monocots?
1. the stele is large and vessels will form a radiating circle around the central pith
2. xylem vessels will be located more internally and phloem vessels will be located more externally
3. the stele is very small and the xylem is located centrally with the phloem surrounding it

A. 1,2
B. 1,3
C. 2,3
D.1,2,3

A. 1,2

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In cross section of a leaf,
is the site of photosynthesis
and hence is located on the upper surface of the leaf (facing sunlight) while
is the main site of gas exchange and is
hence located on the lower surface of the leaf (near stomata).

A. palisade; spongy
B. vascular bundle; upper epidermis
C. spongy; palisade
D. upper epidermis; vascular bundle

A. palisade; spongy

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Which of the following species possesses aerial roots?
A. orchid
B. grass
C. dandelion
D. corn

A. Orchid

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What is the type of modified stem found in Zingiber officinale (ginger?
A.Corn
B.rhizome
С.stolon
D. tuber

B.rhizome

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it refers to supply and absorption of chemical compounds for the growth and metabolism of plant.

A plant metabolism
B. plant nutrients
C. plant transport
D.plant nutrition

D.plant nutrition

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The body has jointed appendages; an outer covering called exoskeleton made of chitin protects their soft body. A. Phylum Annelida B. Phylum Arthropoda C. Phylum Chordata D. Phylum Echinodermata

B. Phylum Arthropoda

Which of the following is NOT a property of xylem? A. has tracheids tapered at each end B. vessels consist of long tube of vessel elements and has perforation plates C. xylem comes in pits D. connecting sieve cells share a highly perforated sieve plate

D. connecting sieve cells share a highly perforated sieve plate

What is the ultimate goal of gametogenesis? A. to enhance sex drive among organisms B. to maintain the number of sex cells in the body, and eliminate the weak ones C. to make sure that the body is healthy through the production of egg and sperm cell D. to produce viable gametes or sex cells that are haploid to participate in the process of fertilization

D. to produce viable gametes or sex cells that are haploid to participate in the process of fertilization

NPK fertilizer is composed of three major essential elements for plants: nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium. Which of the following statements are TRUE about NPK? 1. it contributes to the energy transferring process for photosynthesis and respiration 2, it helps in cell extension and stomatal regulation, enzyme activation, and photosynthesis 3, it participates in synthesis of chlorophyll A. 1,2,3 B. 1,2 C. 1,3 D. 2,3

A. 1,2,3

This essential element provides general plant growth, flowers and fruits, and chlorophyll synthesis. A. Phosphorus B.Nitrogen C. Potassium D. Sulfur

B. Nitrogen

Which of the following IS NOT TRUE about lateral meristems? a. causes primary growth B. widens the plant C. produces bark on trees D. occurs at the cambium

a. causes primary growth

The study of anatomical forms and structures with emphasis on characteristics useful in distinguishing the species.

MORPHOANATOMY

Divides an organism into mirror image halves

BILATERAL SYMMETRY

the organism can be divided into similar halves by passing a plane at any angle along a central axis

RADIAL SYMMETRY

not identical on both sides of a central line; unsymmetrical; lacking symmetry

ASYMMETRICAL

• Marine • Body is made up of tiny pores • 3 main parts: ostia, osculum, spongocoel. • Asymmetrical

Phylum Porifera

is the large, central cavity of sponges. Water enters the spongocoel through hundreds of tiny pores called ostia and exits through the larger opening called osculum

spongocoel

each of the small needlelike or sharp-pointed structures of calcite or silica that make up the skeleton of a sponge.

spicules

• Animals are heterotrophic; meaning, they cannot make their own food. true or false

true

The onset of cephalization marks a more complex nervous system. In simple cephalized animals, a simple CNS with a small brain and longitudinal nerve cords is present. true or false or both are true neither is true

Both statements are TRUE

Which of the following is/are true about the autonomic nervous system? I. Regulates bodies involuntary responses II. Relays information to internal organs III. Relays information from skin, sense organs & skeletal muscles to CNS

I, II

_____ is a part of neuron receive stimulus and carries it toward the cell body through impulses while _____ is a fiber which carries impulses away from the cell body (soma). a.axon; dendrite b.dendrite; axon c.myelin sheath; node of ranvier d.node of ranvier; myelin sheath

2. dendrite; axon

Which of the following is true about the jellyfish digestive system? 1.The gastrovascular cavity or gastrocoel serves as their main digestive tract. 2.Their food enters and waste product exits the mouth. 3.Their tentacles are capable of absorbing nutrients. 4.They secrete enzymes into their saclike gut.

1. The gastrovascular cavity or gastrocoel serves as their main digestive tract

What makes tapeworms capable of having an increased efficiency as a parasite in terms of digestion? 1.Multiple blind sacs allow an increase of surface area to which nutrients may come in contact. 2.Their sticky surface permits direct contact and absorption of nutrients within their prey. 3.Tapeworms are highly efficient in reproduction since they are dioecious organisms. 4.Their gastrovascular cavity is wide and long.

1.Multiple blind sacs allow an increase of surface area to which nutrients may come in contact.

This the most common form of digestion adapted by both unicellular and multicellular organisms. 1.Exocytosis 2.Osmosis 3.Phagocytosis 4.Pinocytosis

3.Phagocytosis

Which of the following statements is TRUE about the ruminant and pseudo-ruminant digestive system? A. These types of digestive system consist of one stomach. B. Animals having these types of digestive system have gizzard that enables them to digest the food mechanically without grinding using mouth. C. Ruminant and pseudo-ruminant digestive system are found among reptiles and amphibians. D. These digestive systems allow herbivorous animals to digest fiber-rich food such as grasses and roughage.

These digestive systems allow herbivorous animals to digest fiber-rich food such as grasses and roughage.

Circulatory system is important in transporting oxygen and nutrients and eliminating wastes. In the case of fishes like goldfish (Carassius auratus), tawilis (Sardinella tawilis) and silver arowana (Osteoglossum bicirrhosum), they have a circulatory system that is made up of what type? A. double loop circulatory system with four-chambered heart B. single loop circulatory system with two-chambered heart C. single loop circulatory system with one-chambered heart D. double loop circulatory system with three-chambered heart

B. single loop circulatory system with two-chambered heart

How many chambers does a warm-blooded animals require to have more efficient system that will separate oxygenated blood from deoxygenated blood? 2 3 1 4

Oxygen from the air enters the blood stream at what location?

Alveoli

Most reptiles have lower metabolism than most of mammals. For example, the pawikan (Eretmochelys imbricata) moves slow in land but cats (Felis catus) move fast. One of the reasons is their circulatory system. Which of these BEST accounts for these observations in the pawikan’s metabolism? A. Its heart has one ventricle with partial division, which causes deoxygenated and oxygenated blood mix together. B. The blood vessels of pawikan are not highly branched, therefore most of the organs cannot absorb the oxygen needed. C. The pawikan possesses single loop circulatory system, which is equivalent to the fish, therefore they are more metabolically active on water than on land. D. Its lungs can absorb more carbon dioxide than oxygen, thus the circulating blood inside the pawikan’s body is mostly deoxygenated.

A. Its heart has one ventricle with partial division, which causes deoxygenated and oxygenated blood mix together.

Earthworms allow themselves to absorb oxygen under the soil where oxygen level is low. Why is it possible for them to survive in this kind of environment? A. Earthworms have numerous segments wherein each contains a pair of lungs to increase their efficiency when absorbing oxygen. B. They have gills in their body which allows diffusion of oxygen inside and carbon dioxide outside. C.Their skin is innervated by blood vessels, which is capable of diffusing oxygen in and carbon dioxide out. D.Their metanephridia help absorbing oxygen in their blood through filtration

C.Their skin is innervated by blood vessels, which is capable of diffusing oxygen in and carbon dioxide out.

Which of the following is a function of the respiratory system? transport of oxygen gas exchange structural support absorption of nutrients

gas exchange

The function of tongue is to All the above Help in the act of swallowing Help in speaking Help in mixing saliva with the food

all of the above

This is the true stomach of the avian digestive system: food is mixed, broken down, and absorbed Crop Gizzard Gills Proventriculus

Proventriculus

The digestion of food starts in Mouth Liver Large intestine Small intestine

Mouth

Which of the following statements is TRUE regarding the ABO blood system? The only ABO type blood that normally does not have either A or B antigens is AB People who are type AB normally produce both anti – A and anti – B antibodies People who have A antigen normally would not produce an anti – A antibody

People who have A antigen normally would not produce an anti – A antibody

What does the term “striated” mean? Strong Striped Skeletal Smooth

Striped

Which of the following produces an immediate innate immune response by recognizing an invading pathogen and engulfing it? antibody cytokine macrophage inflammation

macrophage

The universal blood donor for the ABO blood system is type O A B AB

What are the different types of muscles that are in our bodies? Cardiac, smooth, and involuntary Voluntary and cardiac Cardiac, Voluntary, and involuntary Cardiac, smooth, and skeletal

Cardiac, smooth, and skeletal

Hydra, starfish, planaria undergo: Sporulation Budding Regeneration Fragmentation

Regeneration

The thin, branched processes of a neuron, whose main function is to receive incoming signals, are called: cell bodies terminals axons dendrites

dendrites

Which of the following is the correct sequence of the layers of meningeal membranes beginning with the brain and going to the skull? Arachnoid mater, pia mater, dura mater Pia mater, arachnoid mater, dura mater Pia mater, dura mater, arachnoid mater

Pia mater, arachnoid mater, dura mater

A reflex action is a pathway that typically involves several neurons and mediates: an action that has to be learned an involuntary response to a stimulus an action that is repeated an action that involves conscious thought

an involuntary response to a stimulus

The “fight or flight” syndrome is controlled by the parasympathetic response system True False

false

The “fight or flight” syndrome is controlled by the parasympathetic response system True False

false