UCSP 3

Question 1

defined as the lifelong process of experiencing, learning, imbibing, and transmitting culture.

Answer 1

socialization

Question 2

it is the process that shapes an individual’s membership in his/her society, enabling him/her to learn and eventually or expectedly mirror the latter’s prevailing norms and values

Answer 2

socialization

Question 3

It refers to society’s defined set of what is good and desirable, which form the foundation of how life should be lived.

Answer 3

values

Question 4

Some theorize that values can be intrinsic or extrinsic: “the values that need to be justified by other values are extrinsic; those do not are intrinsic” (Harold 2005).

Answer 4

values

Question 5

Some theorize that values can be intrinsic or extrinsic: “the values that need to be justified by other values are extrinsic; those do not are intrinsic” SAID BY?

Answer 5

(Harold 2005).

Question 6

defined values as “standards or ideals with which we evaluate actions, people, things, or situations. Beauty, honesty, justice, peace, genorosity are all examples of values that many people endorse.”

Answer 6

Lau and Chan (2021)

Question 7

They identify at least three kinds of values:

Answer 7

-personal
-moral
-aesthetic

Question 8

In their reckoning, personal values are those “endorsed by an individual.”

Answer 8

values

Question 9

In their reckoning, personal values are those

Answer 9

“endorsed by an individual.”

Question 10

they emphasized that moral values are those that

Answer 10

values- “helps determine what is morally right or wrong”

Question 11

they define aesthetic values as those

Answer 11

“associate with evaluation of artwork or beauty.”

Question 12

It refers to rules and expectations that guide the individual’s behavior in his/her society.

Answer 12

norms

Question 13

“norms may be prescriptive or proscriptive and that norms “also sometimes.. refer to patterns of behavior and internalized values”

Answer 13

(horne 2018)

Question 14

refer to customs or beliefs common to members of a particular society

Answer 14

folkways

Question 15

are ‘negative norms’ – things that people find offensive and socially inappropriate if you are caught doing them.

Answer 15

taboos

Question 16

are norms that are actually defined as being legal or illegal. The government has decided these norms so important that you could get in trouble for breaking them.

Answer 16

laws

Question 17

norms (4)

Answer 17

-folkways
-mores
-taboos
-laws

Question 18

moral norms. If you break them you would be seen as not just in poor taste, but immoral.

Answer 18

mores

Question 19

consider folkways, mores, taboos, and laws as the four types of social norms that can help inform people about behavior that is considered acceptable which can obviously can vary across time, culture, place, and even sub-group

Answer 19

sanchez (c.2021)

Question 20

It is simply understood as one’s social position in any given society

Answer 20

status

Question 21

is labeled – when the social position is received at birth or through an involuntary process.

Answer 21

ascribed

Question 22

Status is considered – if it is voluntary gained through personal perseverance.

Answer 22

achieved

Question 23

is the part of our society expects us to play in a given status.

Answer 23

roles

Question 24

one learns more about one’s status and one’s roles

Answer 24

enculturation/socialization

Question 25

Enculturation or socialization happens through

Answer 25

learning

Question 26

Enculturation or socialization happens through learning, as it is defined as

Answer 26

individuals learn their group’s culture through experience, observation, and instructions”

Question 27

refers to entities or institutions that play a role in influencing or shaping the process of enculturation, namely the family, the state, the education system, peer group, and mass media.

Answer 27

agents of socialization

Question 28

is a type of social influence that involves a change in behavior, belief, or thinking to be like others.

Answer 28

conformity

Question 29

It is the most common and pervasive form of social influence.

Answer 29

conformity

Question 30

conformity (3)

Answer 30

-compliance -internalization -identification

Question 31

is when a person seems to agree, and follows what is requested or required of him or her to do or believe in, but does not necessarily have to really believe or agree to it;

Answer 31

compliance

Question 32

is when a person is able to own a certain belief or act, and is willing to make it known publicly and privately.

Answer 32

internalization

Question 33

is when a person is influenced by someone he or she likes or looks up to, like a movie star, a social celebrity, or a superhero

Answer 33

identification

Question 34

identified at least 8 reasons for conformity

Answer 34

williams (c.2012)

Question 35

identified at least 8 reasons for conformity

Answer 35

-informational influence -wish to avoid punishment -risk of disapproval from other group members -lack of perceived alternatives -fear of disrupting the group's operation -absence of communication among group members -no feeling of responsibilty for group outcomes -a sense of powerlessness

Question 36

Sociologist William Graham Summer formally defined as “a violation of established contextual, cultural, or social norms, whether folkways, mores, or codified law.

Answer 36

deviance

Question 37

Sociologist -----formally defined as “a violation of established contextual, cultural, or social norms, whether folkways, mores, or codified law.

Answer 37

william graham summer

Question 38

Theoreticians identify at least 4 four reasons behind deviance:

Answer 38

-Individiual heredity -Group heredity -Personal defieciency -Social failure

Question 39

is response to situations in which an individual’s objectives cannot be achieved through following the norms or expected social behavior.

Answer 39

deviance

Question 40

defined deviance as response to situations in which an individual’s objectives cannot be achieved through following the norms or expected social behavior.

Answer 40

-American sociologist Robert Merton -theory of anomie

Question 41

which means challenging the rules or objectives themselves.

Answer 41

rebellion

Question 42

The strong-willed among those who faced the obstacles will find ways to overcome them through their -----

Answer 42

innovation

Question 43

types of deviance (2)

Answer 43

-formal -informal

Question 44

form of deviance that violates existing laws

Answer 44

formal

Question 45

form of deviance that violates norms which are not formally covered by the laws

Answer 45

informal

Question 46

jean piaget

Answer 46

swiss pyschologist

Question 47

erik erikson

Answer 47

danish-german psychoanalist

Question 48

sigmund freud

Answer 48

austrian neurologist

Question 49

theory of cognitive development

Answer 49

jean piaget

Question 50

Piaget theorized that there are four stages of cognitive development namely:

Answer 50

-Sensorimotor stage (birth to 2 years old) -Preoperational stage (2 to 7 years old) -Operational stage (7-11 years old)

Question 51

psychosocial stages of development

Answer 51

erik erikson

Question 52

psychosexual stages of development

Answer 52

sigmund freud

Question 53

THE DEVELOPMENTAL TASKS OF ANY GIVEN STAGE

Answer 53

-Accepting one’s physical makeup and acquiring a masculine or feminine sex role. -Developing appropriate relations with age-mates of both sexes -Becoming emotionally independent of parents and other adults -Achieving the assurance that one will become economically independent -Determining and preparing for a career and entering the job market -Developing the cognitive skills and concepts necessary for social compliance -Understanding and achieving socially responsible behavior -Preparing for marriage and family -Acquiring values that are harmonious with an appropriate scientific world picture.