Ubuntu

Question 1

According to Metz, existing attempts to develop a theory of right action informed by African ethics go wrong in which of the following ways?
A. They can’t capture core aspects of African values
B. They’re too vague or limited in their application
C. Either A or B
D. Neither A nor B

Answer 1

C. Either A or B

Question 2

Roughly, ‘ubuntu’ means:
A. Virtue
B. Self-realization
C. Humanness
D. None of the above

Answer 2

C. Humanness

Question 3

‘Ubuntu’ is often associated with which of the following maxims?
A. Existence precedes essence
B. A person is a person through other persons
C. The only thing that’s good in itself is a good will
D. Actions speak louder than words

Answer 3

B. A person is a person through other persons; and is sometimes translated as “I am because we are” or “humanity toward others”.

Question 4

NOT A QUESTION More often for Africans than for Westerners, it is pro tanto wrong:

Answer 4

G. to make policy decisions in the face of dissent, as opposed to seeking consensus.
H. to make retribution a fundamental and central aim of criminal justice, as opposed to seeking reconciliation.
I. to create wealth largely on a competitive basis, as opposed to a cooperative one.
J. to distribute wealth largely on the basis of individual rights, as opposed to need.
K. to ignore others and violate communal norms, as opposed to acknowledging others, upholding tradition and partaking in rituals.
L. to fail to marry and procreate, as opposed to creating a family.

Question 5

According to ‘Ubuntu’, what warrants moral status for a being?

Answer 5

Something -some being- has moral status when and only when they count morally in their own right, that is, when they warrant moral consideration in their own right.

Question 6

According to ‘Ubuntu’, what warrants moral standing for a being?

Answer 6

Something -some being- has moral standing when and only when they count morally, and so warrant moral consideration, but not necessarily in their own right.

Question 7

According to the Interest View of moral status, what gives a being moral status?
A. A capacity to set and pursue ends
B. A capacity to feel pleasure and pain
C. A capacity to commune with others
D. None of the above

Answer 7

B. A capacity to feel pleasure and pain

Question 8

According to moralized relationalism, a being has moral status when _______.
A. They’re actually a part of existing communal relationships
B. They have the capacity to commune with others
C. Neither A nor B
D. All of the above

Answer 8

A. They’re actually a part of existing communal relationships

Question 9

According to modal relationalism, a being has moral status only when ________.
A. They’re actually a part of existing communal relationships
B. They have the capacity to commune with others
C. Neither A nor B
D. All of the above

Answer 9

B. They have the capacity to commune with others

Question 10

If a being has moral standing, then, necessarily, they count morally in their own right.
A. True
B. False

Answer 10

B. False

Question 11

If a being has moral status, then, necessarily, they count morally in their own right.
A. True
B. False

Answer 11

A. True

Question 12

What is a communal relationship?

Answer 12

A relationship in which individuals emotionally, cognitively, and behaviorally identify with others and exhibit solidarity with one another.