Care Ethics

Question 1

According to Lawrence Kohlberg’s theory of moral development, which of the following marks full moral maturity?
A. The cultivation of a “morality of non-violence”
B. The transition from selfishness to responsability
C. The internalization of universal ethical principles
D. All of the above

Answer 1

C. The internalization of universal ethical principles

Question 2

According to Carol Gilligan’s theory of moral development, which of the following marks full moral maturity?
A. The cultivation of a “morality of non-violence”
B. The transition from selfishness to responsibility
C. The internalization of universal ethical principles
D. All of the above

Answer 2

A. The cultivation of a “morality of non-violence”

Question 3

What is Kohlberg’s Theory of Moral Development (what are the levels/stages)?

Answer 3

preconventional level (stage 1: punishment and obedience stage 2: self-interest)
Conventional level (stage 3: interpersonal concordance stage 4: law and order) postconventional level (stage 5: social contract stage 6: universal ethical principle)

Question 4

What are the levels/stages of the development of an Ethic of Care?

Answer 4

Preconventional level: orientation toward individual survival, caring for the self to exclusion of others (“What’s best for me?) —) transition from selfishness to responsibility to others
Conventional level: Goodness as self-sacrifice (“What’s best for them?”) —) transition from “goodness” to truth that she’s a person too.
Postconventional level: Mortality of non-violence (“What’s best for us?”)

Question 5

According to Nel Noddings, what is Natural Caring?

Answer 5

Effortless caring; caring because we want to care; in acting on behalf of another because we want to, we act in accord with natural care; the “I must” accompanies the “I want”

Question 6

According to Nel Noddings, what is Ethical Caring?

Answer 6

Caring because “I must” not because “I want”; occurs in response to memory of natural caring; “the memory of our own best moments of caring and being cared for sweeps over us as a feeling - as an “I must” - in response to the plight of the other and our conflicting desire to serve our own interests.”

Question 7

According to Nel Noddings, ethical behaviour has its source in which of the following sentiments?
A. Natural caring
B. Ethical caring
C. Both A and B
D. Neither A nor B

Answer 7

C. Both A and B

Question 8

According to Nel Noddings, our obligation is limited by which of the following?
A. The weather
B. Relation
C. The “I must”
D. Trust

Answer 8

B. Relation