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UA > UA conditions Test #2 > Flashcards

UA conditions Test #2 Flashcards

1
Q

Fatigue headaches fever exertional dyspnea

A

all anemias

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2
Q

Acute blood loss anemia PP

A

accident or internal hemorrhage

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3
Q

Acute blood loss anemia Blood test

A

normochromicmacrocytosispoikilosytosisnucleated rbireticulocytesincreases WBCs (neutrophils)anisocytosisdecreased platelets”norma makes peter nut really intense all day”

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4
Q

Chronic blood loss anemia PP

A

slow internal bleeding (not noticed until iron depleted)

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5
Q

Chronic blood loss anemia blood test

A

MicrocyticHypochromicincreased plateletsleukopenia

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6
Q

Iron deficient anemia PP

A

currently pregnant, young child growing fastPICAassociated with ulcers and gastrectomy

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7
Q

Iron deficient S&S

A

PICAParesthesiaBurning tongueAngular stomatitis (cracking mouth in corners)GastritisDysphagiaSpooning nails”Peter’s penis burns all day, got syphilis”

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8
Q

Iron deficient Anemia BT

A

Decrease MCV Decrease MCHC Decrease HCT (hematocrit)microcyticnormal WBCHypochromicAnisocytosis Poikilocytes

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9
Q

Iron depletion

A

loss exceeds intakemobilized iron storage

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10
Q

Iron deficient erythropoeisis

A

decreased serum ferrite’ssaturated transfurens

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11
Q

megaloblastic anemia

A

pernicious anemiafolate deficient anemia

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12
Q

pernicious anemia PP

A

numbness or tingling in distal extremitydifficulty walkingepisodic abdominal paingastroectomyA vegantapworm

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13
Q

Pernicious anemia S&S

A

atrophic glossitis (sore, raw pale)episodic abdominal painPallesthesia loss of vibratory sensationsUMNL (paresthesia)post column-pins/needles in distal extremitylat column- weakness, spastic

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14
Q

Pernicious anemia blood test

A

increased MCVdecreased hematocritnormochromicmacrocyticPoikilocytesovalcytesphlimsy RBC

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15
Q

normal iron problem with dna synth.

A

pernicious anemia

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16
Q

only vitamin exclusive to microorganismsstored in liverdepleted in people with gastroectomy or vegan

A

B12

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17
Q

Treatment of pernicious anemia

A

intraMuscular injection of B12

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18
Q

FOLATE DEFICIENCYPP

A

formeruser of alcoholpregnantw/ fatiguenormalB12Heatfood or use powder milkvegans

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19
Q

FOLATE DEFICIENCY BT

A

↓ Serum FolateB12 normalPlatletsnormalWBCnormal

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20
Q

STOREDin LIVERformedby intestinal bacteria

A

folate

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21
Q

deficiency in folate

A

Heat foodsPowdered MilkGoats Milk

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22
Q

APLASTIC ANEMIAPP

A

bloodtest with pancytopenia (decrease in all blood cells)nose/ gum bleedingInfection

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23
Q

APLASTIC ANEMIA SS

A

bleedingfrom the gumsnosebleeds frequent↑susceptibility to infection

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24
Q

Aplastic Anemia BT

A

NormocytesThrombocytopeniaLeucocytopenia↑serum feritanNormochromicB12 & Folic acid normal

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25
Q

BoneMarrow production problem2 WAYS:

A

1) Direct Destruction of Hematocrit[Drugs (chlorophenical), radiation, virus, hepatitis, Epsteinbarr]2) ImmuneComplexMediated Destruction of Marrow Cells

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26
Q

Aplastic Anemia

A

BoneMarrow Transplant

27
Q

Hemolytic Anemias

A

Intrinsic and extrinsic formsoften leasts to Gallstones

28
Q

Hemolytic intrinsic

A

IntrinsicFormproblemw/ membrane, metabolic, or hemoglobin disorder

29
Q

Hemolytic extrinsic

A

ExtrinsicForm factorsoutside the RBC (aquired)***MC cause: malaria

30
Q

Renal Insufficiency Anemia

A

↓ ErythropoietinBUNpresent↑ Hemolysis↑ Urobilinogen levels

31
Q

Liver Disease Anemia

A

↓ production & survival of RBC↑ Blood volume.↑ ReticulocytesPlateletsnormalLeucocytesnormalNormo&Macrocytic

32
Q

spur cells are associated with

A

cirrhosis

33
Q

cirrhosis anemia

A

↑ CholesterolPhospholids normal (trapped in spleen & destroyed)

34
Q

Hypothyroidism [Endocrine]

A

NOReticulocytestestosteronedeficientcy (low RBC production)Normo–cyte & chromic↓cortisol

35
Q

Bone Marrow Infiltration

A

Leukemia,Lymphoma, Mets, MM, Red marrow replaced

36
Q

Hereditary Spherocytosis PP

A

youngchild w/ jaundicesplenomegalyIncreaseurobilinogenbrownstool

37
Q

Hereditary Spherocytosis S&S

A

↑ Urobilinogen in urineJaundiceBrownStoolspleenomegalyMacrocyticcells (lyses when going through capillary)

38
Q

Hereditary Spherocytosis BT

A

increased Neutrophils w/ shift to left↑ Reticulocytes↑ MCHCNORMALMCVThrombocytesNormo/Giant PlateletsMacrocytic

39
Q

Hereditary Spherocytosis treatment

A

Spleenectomy

40
Q

*** Occurs from a SUBSTITUTION of VALINE for Glutamine at the 6 th Postion on Beta ChainIRREVERSABLE↓O 2

A

Sickle Cell Disease

41
Q

Problem w/ Bone Marrow Hyperplasia(ulcer in leg)

A

Sickle cell disease

42
Q

sickle cell disease PP

A

AfricanAmerican decentswellingin dorsum of hand & footDecreasedO2Periostitis

43
Q

sickle cell disease S&S

A

Normo–cytic & chromicPeriostitis(before age 4) &hand& feet syndrome (swelling on dorsal side)Spleen Triad1) blood pooling2) spleenomegaly & hypovolemic shoke3) Functional Asplenia ( blocked RE filters)

44
Q

Sickle cell Blood test

A

Howard Jolly Bodies (remnants of chromatin of RBC)TargetCellsSickleCellsTripanocytes

45
Q

Problemnot making on polypeptide chain at the same rate as the other***MC are Alpha & Beta chainsDestabilizesthe RBC

A

Thalassemiaaka [Medditeranean, Cooley’s Anemia]

46
Q

Thalassemia PP

A

European decentDelayed pubertyprominent jawmongoloid appearance

47
Q

Thalassemia Blood Test

A

Extreme PoikilocytesHoward Jolly Bodies↓ MCVMicrocyticHypochromicOvalcytesTarget Cells

48
Q

**Beta Major thalassemia

A

Iron overloadJaundiceLeg ulcerationSplenomegaly

49
Q

thalassemia treatments

A

Minor(none needed)Major(blood transfusion, splenoectomy)

50
Q

Metabolic Hemolysis

A

deficit in enzyme activity of RBCInherited

51
Q

Metabolic Hemolysis lack of

A

Lacking:pyruvate kinaseglycolytic enzymesmitochondriaG6P DehydrogenasePyramidine 5 Nucleotidase

52
Q

(group of diseases that cuase cancer in Lymphnodes)(usually B &T cells)

A

NonHodgkin’sLymphoma

53
Q

NonHodgkin’sLymphoma S&S

A

-Slow progressive-Painless Lymphoadenopathy (pathological lymphnodes)-one or widespread-Night Sweats-Located retroperitoneal, pelvic, abdominal areas-seen on Xray (dense white masses)-further tested by CT & Xrays-Mediastinal (behind sternum)-Edemain the Face-ureteralblockages (oliguria)-anemia (bone marrow infiltration)

54
Q

NonHodgkin’sLymphoma lab study

A

Normal

55
Q

diagnosis for non hodgkin’s

A

chest X-ray

56
Q

Greatest Age risk (15-35yrs)painless mass in neck

A

Hodgkin’s Lymphoma

57
Q

ReedSternbergCells in lab tests

A

Hodgkin’s Lymphoma

58
Q

Hodgkin’s Lymphoma PP

A

painless mass in neck (made painful by alcohol consumption)Intense itching over the bodydifficulty swallowing

59
Q

Hodgkin’s S&S

A

Ivory VertebraSpinal Cord Compression***Horner’s syndromeleg edematracheal blockagearises in one node, then metastasis

60
Q

leukemia Chronic vs acute

A

chronic- normocytic normochomicacute- pancytopenia, circulating leukoblasts

61
Q

CLL

A

90% >50 years oldincidental discoveryisolated lymphocytesmalignancy of B lymphocytes

62
Q

CML

A

young middle aged adults

63
Q

ALL

A

80% of all childhood leukemia3-7 y/oquick onsetlymph swelling

64
Q

AML

A

few months old or 60+ yearsBone marrow swelling

UA (6 decks)

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