U.5 Pathology

Question 1

achondroplasia

Answer 1

cartilage formation defect, a cause of dwarfism

Question 2

ankylosis

Answer 2

bent, crooked, or stiff joint; abnormal fusion of the bone

Question 3

arthritis

Answer 3

inflammation of joint(s)

Question 4

arthrodysplasia

Answer 4

abnormal joint development

Question 5

atrophy

Answer 5

decrease in size, wasting away

Question 6

crepitus, crepitation

Answer 6

grating, or crackling sound; latin crepare “crackle

Question 7

genu valgum

Answer 7

knock-kneed; latin genu+valgus= “knee, bow-legged”

Question 8

genu varum

Answer 8

bowlegged; latin genu+varus=”knee, separate”

Question 9

graphospasm

Answer 9

writer’s cramp

Question 10

hypertrophy

Answer 10

excess growth, abnormally large

Question 11

kyphosis

Answer 11

hump back; abnormal forward curvature of upper spine

Question 12

lordosis

Answer 12

sway back; abnormal forward curvature of lower spine

Question 13

muscular dystrophy

Answer 13

group of diseases causing progressive muscle degeneration

Question 14

myoclonus

Answer 14

sudden involuntary muscle contraction

Question 15

myosarcoma

Answer 15

muscle cancer

Question 16

osteogenesis imperfecta

Answer 16

brittle bone disease

Question 17

osteoporosis

Answer 17

loss of bone density, causes weak, brittle bones

Question 18

osteosarcoma

Answer 18

bone cancer

Question 19

rheumatoid arthritis

Answer 19

chronic joint inflammation, an autoimmune disease

Question 20

scoliosis

Answer 20

crooked back; abnormal lateral curvature of spine

Question 21

septic arthritis

Answer 21

infection of the joint

Question 22

subluxation

Answer 22

partial dislocation