U4A1 sleep Flashcards
what is a psychological construct?
concept or model that is ‘constructed’ to describe a specific psychological activity.
define consciousness.
a psychological construct that is the level of awareness an individual has over their thoughts, feelings, perceptions and existence.
what are the two types of consciousness?
normal waking consciousness (NWC)
altered state of consciousness (ASC)
name some examples of an altered state of consciousness.
coma, sleep, anaesthetised, drowsy, daydreaming, meditation, alcohol induced.
what is sleep?
sleep is a psychological construct. it is a naturally occurring ASC that involves a loss of awareness and a disengagement with internal and external stimuli.
name some characteristics of REM sleep.
- rapid movement of eye muscles
- highly active brain, less active body
- most muscle movement not possible
- light stage of sleep
- vivid dreaming can occur
- stage increases as the sleep episode goes on
name some characteristics of NREM sleep.
- lack of rapid movement of eye muscles
- muscle movement is more possible
- dreams can occur, but usually not vivid
- often can’t recall dreams when woken here
- stage decreases as the sleep episode goes on
name and describe the three stages of NREM sleep.
NREM stage 1 – light sleep, easily woken, can hear faint sounds, less awareness of themselves and surroundings.
NREM stage 2 – truly asleep, still relatively light sleep, most sleep spent in this stage
NREM stage 3 – deep sleep, difficulty waking, most likely to experience sleeping walking/talking
describe the relationship between sleep cycles and sleep episodes.
a sleep episode is the full duration of sleep time, made up of multiple sleep cycles, which are 90-minute periods made up of REM and NREM which repeat.
what does EEG do?
detects, amplifies and records electrical activity in the brain through brainwaves.
what does EMG do?
detects, amplifies and records the electrical activity of the body’s muscles.
what does EOG do?
detects, amplifies and records electrical activity of eye muscle movement.
what do EEG brainwaves look like in REM?
high frequency and low amplitude.
what do EEG brainwaves look like in NREM1?
high frequency and low amplitude.
what do EEG brainwaves look like in NREM2?
medium frequency and medium amplitude.
what do EEG brainwaves look like in NREM3?
low frequency and high amplitude.
how is REM and NREM sleep displayed through EMG?
REM: low EMG activity
NREM: medium EMG activity
how is REM and NREM sleep displayed through EOG?
REM: high EOG activity
NREM: low EOG activity
what are sleep diaries?
records with self-reported descriptions from an individual about their sleeping periods, as well as judgements about the nature and quality of their sleep.
what is video monitoring?
use of camera and audio technologies to record an individual sleeping.