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Question 1

pituitary gland

Answer 1

the endocrine system’s most influential gland. Under the influence of the hypothalamus, the pituitary regulates growth and controls other endocrine glands

Question 2

occipital lobe

Answer 2

the portion of the cerebral cortex lying at the back of the head, includes areas that receive information from the visual fields

Question 3

somatosensory cortex

Answer 3

an area at the front of the parietal lobes, registers and processes body touch and movement sensations

Question 4

lesion

Answer 4

Scientists can also selectively lesion (destroy) tiny clusters of normal or defective brain cells, leaving the surrounding tissue unharmed

Question 5

temporal lobe

Answer 5

the portion of the cerebral cortex lying roughly above the ears, includes the auditory areas, each receiving information primarily from the opposite ear

Question 6

medulla

Answer 6

Base of the brainstem, controls heartbeat and breathing

Question 7

corupus callosum

Answer 7

the large band of neural fibers connecting the two brain hemispheres and carrying messages between them

Question 8

parietal lobes

Answer 8

the portion of the cerebral cortex lying at the top of the head and toward the rear, receives sensory input for touch andbody position

Question 9

CT (computed tomography) scan

Answer 9

a series of X-ray photographs taken from different angles and combined by computer into a composite representation of a slice of the brain’s structure, AKA CAT SCAN

Question 10

MRI (magnetic resonance imaging)

Answer 10

a technique that uses magnetic fields and radio waves to produce computer-generated images of soft tissue, these display brain anatomy

Question 11

(PET) positron emission tomography scan

Answer 11

a visual display of brain activity that detects where a radioactive form of glucose goes while the brain performs a given task, rather like weather radar showing rain activity, PET-scan “hot spots” show the most active brain areas as the person does mathematical calculations, looks at images of faces, or daydreams

Question 12

MEG (madnetoencephalography)

Answer 12

a brain imaging technique

that measures magnetic fields from the brain’s natural electrical activity

Question 13

frontal lobes

Answer 13

the portion of the cerebral cortex lying just behind the forehead, involved in speaking and muscle movements and in making plans and judgments

Question 14

electrocephalogram (EEG)

Answer 14

an amplified recording of the waves of electrical activity sweeping across the brain’s surface, These waves are measured by electrodes placed on the scalp

Question 15

adrenal glands

Answer 15

a pair of endocrine glands that sit just above the kidneys and secrete hormones (epinephrine and norepinephrine) that help arouse the body in times of stress (FOF)

Question 16

fMRI

Answer 16

a technique for revealing bloodflow and, therefore, brain activity by comparing successive MRI scans, show brain function as well as structure

Question 17

thalamus

Answer 17

the brain’s sensory control center, located on top of the brainstem, it directs messages to the sensory receiving areas in the cortex and transmits replies to the cerebellum and medulla

Question 18

association areas

Answer 18

areas of the cerebral cortex that are not involved in primary motor or sensory functions - rather, they are involved in higher mental functions such as learning, remembering, thinking, and speaking

Question 19

glial cells

Answer 19

provide nutrients and insulating myelin, guide neural connections, and mop up ions and neurotransmitters - Worker bees to neuron queen bees; play a role in learning thinking

Question 20

amygdala

Answer 20

two lima-bean-sized neural clusters in the limbic system, Linked to emotion, aggression and fear

Question 21

cerebellum

Answer 21

functions include processing sensory input, coordinating movement output and balance, and enabling nonverbal learning and memory, “little brain”

Question 22

brainstem

Answer 22

beginning where the spinal cord swells as it enters the skull; the brainstem is responsible for automatic survival functions, it is the The oldest part and central core of the brain

Question 23

hypothalamus

Answer 23

a neural structure lying below(hypo)the thalamus - it directs several maintenance activities (eating, drinking, body temperature), helps govern the endocrine system via the pituitary gland, and is linked to emotion and reward

Question 24

hippocampus

Answer 24

a neural center located in the limbic system that helps process for storage explicit (conscious) memories of facts and events

Question 25

cerebral cortex

Answer 25

the intricate fabric of interconnected neural cells covering the cerebral hemispheres - the body’s ultimate control and information-processing center

Question 26

motor cortex

Answer 26

an area at the rear of the frontal lobes that controls voluntary movements, German physicians Gustav Fritsch and Eduard Hitzig

Question 27

split brain

Answer 27

a condition resulting from surgery that isolates the brain’s two hemispheres by cutting the fibers (mainly those of the corpus callosum) connecting them - this may reduce seizures

Question 28

reticular formation

Answer 28

a nerve network that travels through the brainstem into the thalamus and plays an important role in controlling arousal. it is Inside the brainstem, between your ears; “netlike”