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Biology Honors Semester 2 Final Exam > U3P2 > Flashcards

U3P2 Flashcards

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1
Q

steps of mitosis

A

prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telekinesis

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2
Q

prophase

A

chromosomes coil up into short rods

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3
Q

cytokinesis

A

what happens in eukaryotic cells after nucleus divides

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4
Q

metaphase 1

A

stage of meiosis during which homologous pairs line up along the equator of the cell

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5
Q

meiosis

A

guarantees number of chromosomes in gametes is half the number of chromosomes in body cells

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6
Q

crossing over

A

exchange of corresponding segments of DNA that occurs during synapsis

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7
Q

haploid cells

A

1n, cells resulting from meiosis in either males or females

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8
Q

result of normal mitotic division

A

two identical daughter cells

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9
Q

mitosis

A

division of cell’s nucleus

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10
Q

genetic variation

A

result of crossing over during meiosis

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11
Q

how many autosomes and sex chromosomes in each cell of human body

A

22 pairs autosomes, 2 sex chromosomes (determine m/f)

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12
Q

of total chromosomes in body cells if diploid 60

A

60

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13
Q

metaphase 1 of mitosis

A

homologous pairs present

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14
Q

how does DNA compact

A

wraps tightly around histones

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15
Q

metaphase

A

arrangement of all chromosomes along equator

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16
Q

haploid (1n)

A

contains one copy of a chromosome- either mom or dad j

17
Q

diploid (2n)

A

contains two copies of each chromosome, one mom and one dad

18
Q

tal chromosomes in body cells in organism that has haploid 40

A

80

19
Q

difference between anaphase of mitosis and anaphase 1 of meiosis

A

anaphase of mitosis centromere divides

anaphase 1 pairs divide and move one centromere intact

20
Q

what would happen if chromosome number not reduced before sexual production

A

offspring chromosome # would double compared to parents

21
Q

sexual reproduction

A

two parents, offspring genetically different, requires meiosis

22
Q

asexual reproduction

A

one parent, offspring identical, requires mitosis

23
Q

following replication of its DNA

A

each chromosome contains two chromatids, which are attached to each other by a centromere

24
Q

cancer

A

caused by mutation in DNA

25
Q

2n-> 2n 2n

A

mitosis

26
Q

why are muscle cells different from nerve cells

A

express different genes

27
Q

cell differentiation

A

process enabling cells to become specialized

28
Q

epigenome

A

role environment plays in affecting our genomes

Biology Honors Semester 2 Final Exam (8 decks)

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