U3P1

Question 1

each organism has a unique combination of characteristics encoded in molecules of

Answer 1

DNA

Question 2

primary function of DNA

Answer 2

store and transmit genetic information, transcribed and translated into proteins

Question 3

DNA polymerase’s role in DNA replication

Answer 3

add new nucleotides to form a complementary strand of DNA

Question 4

mRNA

Answer 4

messenger (transcribes segments of DNA code)

Question 5

DNA replication base pairing rules

Answer 5

at, cg

Question 6

tRNA

Answer 6

transfer (transfers amino acids to ribosome during translation)

Question 7

rRNA

Answer 7

ribosomal (makes up ribosome structure)

Question 8

compare and contrast RNA and DNA

Answer 8

DNA: double stranded, thymine base, keeps going
RNA: single stranded, uracil base, one gene
Both: CA&G backbone covalent bonded, hydrogen bonds

Question 9

base pairing rules for transcription and translation

Answer 9

au, cg

Question 10

tRNA anticodons for this mRNA: UAU GGC UAU

Answer 10

AUA CCG AUA

Question 11

function of RNA polymerase

Answer 11

enzyme that transcribes DNA to build mRNA

Question 12

codon

Answer 12

each nucleotide triplet in mRNA that specifies a particular amino acid

Question 13

process of transcription

Answer 13

1. occurs in nucleus 2. RNA polymerase binds to promoter 3. RNA polymerase reads DNA bases, nucleotides added to build mRNA strand 4. RNA polymerase reaches stop codon and enzyme deatches

Question 14

three possible things resulting from error in DNA replication

Answer 14

genetic variation, mutation, cancer

Question 15

Wilkins and Franklin

Answer 15

their x-ray diffraction photographs suggested that DNA molecules are arranged as a tightly coiled double helix

Question 16

inversion mutation

Answer 16

section of DNA reversed

Question 17

result of point mutation

Answer 17

one nucleotide changed

Question 18

error rate for DNA replication

Answer 18

1 in billion nucleotides

Question 19

chromatin

Answer 19

fine strands of DNA wrapped around protein (histones)

Question 20

chromatid

Answer 20

one copy of a newly copied chromosome which is still joined to other copy by single centromere

Question 21

chromosome

Answer 21

DNA coils into these during cell division, humans have 46

Question 22

uracil

Answer 22

adenine pairs with this instead of thymine during transcription on mRNA

Question 23

splicing

Answer 23

removes introns from pre RNA

Question 24

amino acids

Answer 24

building blocks of proteins

Question 25

each cell in an organism

Answer 25

possesses a complete set of DNA

Question 26

gene

Answer 26

segment of DNA that codes for proteins which make your traits

Question 27

DNA replication is said to be semi conservative

Answer 27

because each newly formed strand has one new strand and one original

Question 28

sugar and phosphate groups

Answer 28

backbone of DNA molecule made up of this

Question 29

can skin cancer be passed on

Answer 29

no, skin cancer in somatic cells

Question 30

mRNA ready for translation contains

Answer 30

exons