U3.2 Transport systems Flashcards
What does the blood consist of? (4)
- plasma
- red blood cells
- white blood cells
- platelets
What does plasma carry? (4)
- carbon dioxide
- glucose
- urea
- antibodies
How is plasma adapted for substance transport?
It contains proteins, hormones, minerals and salts.
What do red blood cells contain?
Haemoglobin
How are haemoglobins adapted for gas exchange?
They have no nucleus, which increases their surface area to volume ratio.
What do white blood cells do?
They remove pathogens and engulf invading microorganisms.
How are white blood cells adapted for removing pathogens?
They are very flexible.
What are platelets?
Small fragments of cells which have broken off from large cells in the bone marrow.
Where is oxygen transported from and to in the blood?
From the haemoglobin to respiring cells
Where is carbon dioxide transported from and to in the blood?
From respiring cells to the haemoglobin
Where is urea transported from and to in the blood?
From the kidney to the bladder
Where are amino acids transported from and to in the blood?
From the stomach to cells
What does the xylem transport?
Water and minerals
What does the phloem transport?
Food
In what direction do substances flow in the xylem?
Upwards
