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MT6318 HEMA 1 > U3 LAB: METHODS OF BLOOD COLLECTION > Flashcards

U3 LAB: METHODS OF BLOOD COLLECTION Flashcards

1
Q

Methods of Blood Collection

A
  • Skin puncture
  • Venipuncture
  • Arterial blood puncture
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2
Q

Oxygenated blood

A

Arterial blood

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3
Q

Posture

A

Increase in:
- Protein
- Cholesterol
- Iron

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4
Q

Diurnal rhythm

A

Increased (morning), Decreased (afternoon)
- Cortisol
- TSH
- Iron

Decreased (morning),
Increased (afternoon)
- Eosinophil count

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5
Q

Exercise

A

Increase in:
- Creatinine
- TP
- Creatine Kinase
- Myoglobin
- AST
- WBC count
- HDL

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6
Q

Stress

A

Temporary increase (children)
- WBC Count

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7
Q

Diet

A

Affects:
- Blood glucose
- Lipid content

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8
Q

Smoking

A

Increase in:
- WBC count
- Hemoglobin levels (long term smoking)

Decrease in:
- Pulmonary function

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9
Q

T/F: Patient should verbally state name, gender, age, ID number, address, etc

A

True

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10
Q
A
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11
Q

Before blood collection, what is being verified and checked?

A

dietary restrictions, latex sensitivity

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12
Q

Skin Puncture

Equipment

A

Lancet (feathered or glucometer)

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13
Q
A
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14
Q

Skin Puncture

Site for adults

A

3rd (Middle) or 4th (Ring) finger, Earlobe

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15
Q

Skin Puncture

Site for children

A

Heel (lateral)

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16
Q

This is a combination of venous and arterial blood.

A

Capillary blood

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17
Q

Skin Puncture

Ideal depth

A

2 to 3

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18
Q

Skin Puncture

Too much depth will lead to?

A

Osteomyelitis

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19
Q

This refers to the inflammation of surrounding tissues of bone, and may cause bone defect and cancer.

A

Osteomyelitis

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20
Q

What must be wiped off during skin puncture?

A

first drop of blood

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21
Q

Skin Puncture

The first drop of blood must be wiped due to?

A

contamination with tissue juices or debris (sloughing skin)

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22
Q

Skin Puncture

If obtaining blood is difficult, you may use this equipment.

A

warm compress

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23
Q

Deoxygenated blood

A

Venous blood

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24
Q

Venipuncture

Preferred site

A

Antecubital fossa

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25
Q

Venipuncture

Most preferred veins

A
  • Median Cubital vein
  • Cephalic vein
  • Basilic vein
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26
Q
A
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27
Q

Venipuncture

Largest, most anchored, stable vein and no surrounding arteries

A

Median Cubital vein

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28
Q

Venipuncture

Distal to the body, rolling, thumb is in line with this vein

A

Cephalic

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29
Q

Venipuncture

Close to the body, has a lot of nerve endings

A

Basilic vein

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30
Q

Venipuncture

First step

A

Find / palpate the vein

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31
Q

Venipuncture

Tourniquet must be applied how many inches above the puncture site?

A

3 to 4

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32
Q

Venipuncture

Maximum time for the tourniquet

A

1 minute

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33
Q

Venipuncture

More than 1 minute of tourniquet being placed on the arm will result to?

A

Hemoconcentration

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34
Q

Venipuncture

Manner of applying tourniquet

A

half-knot

35
Q

Venipuncture

Finding the vein will be easier if patient will?

A

open and close hand several times

36
Q

Venipuncture

Cleanse the puncture site with?

A

antiseptics (70% alcohol)

37
Q

In culture, what is used to cleanse puncture site?

A

iodophores

38
Q

Venipuncture

Motion of applying antiseptic

A

up down movement with friction in all directions

39
Q

Venipuncture

The inner to outer movement for cleansing is disproved by?

A

Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI)

40
Q

Venipuncture

Why is the inner to outer movement disproved?

A

focuses on surrounding tissues instead of actual puncture site

41
Q

Venipuncture

Placing the tourniquet too low will result to?

A

contamination (may touch the sterile area)

42
Q

Venipuncture

Placing the tourniquet too high will result to?

A

less anchorage to the vein

43
Q

Venipuncture

Needle gauge

A

20-23g

44
Q

Venipuncture

Ideal angle of syringe

A

15 to 30 deg (depends on the nature of vein)

45
Q

T/F: If vein is deep, you should decrease the angle.

A

False

Increase

46
Q

Venipuncture

Depth of syringe

A

0.5 to 1 cm

47
Q

Venipuncture

You may loosen or remove the tourniquet during blood collection if?

A

vein is well anchored on the sytinge

48
Q

Venipuncture

What must be removed first before the syringe?

A

Tourniquet

TOURNIQUET LAGI UNA!!

49
Q

Venipuncture

Time for applying pressure to stop bleeding

A

5 to 10 minutes

50
Q

In arterial puncture, you must apply pressure for?

A

30 minutes

51
Q

T/F: Never flex arm after venipuncture.

A

True

52
Q

Venipuncture

If bleeding is not arrested, you should apply more pressure and?

A

elevate the arm

53
Q

Venipuncture

Inversion of EDTA

A

8 times with an infinity movement

54
Q

Venipuncture

Best anticoagulant for hematology

A

spray-dried EDTA

55
Q

Venipuncture

Liquid anticoagulant will result in?

A

dilution of plasma

56
Q

Venipuncture

Powder anticoagulant will result in?

A

clumping

57
Q

Venipuncture

Patient label must include:

A
  • Full name (Last name, First name, middle name)
  • Age
  • Sex
  • Date of birth
  • In one line: Date, time of collection, and phlebotomist initials
58
Q

T/F: Age is a more important patient identifier than date of birth.

A

True

59
Q

Venipuncture

How to counter check patient label?

A

through patient and request form

60
Q

Venipuncture

2 way

A

ask anything connected to patient (ID, bracelet) and ask them to state their names and sometimes, date of birth

61
Q

Venipuncture

3 way

A

ask attending physician, nurse, guardian (ilagay sa likod ng request form)

62
Q

These may refer to anticoagulants, antiglycolytic agents, and WBC inhibitors.

A

Additives

63
Q

Anticoagulants

A
  • EDTA
  • Heparin
  • Citrate
  • Oxalate
64
Q

Antiglycolytic agent

A

Sodium fluoride

65
Q

WBC inhibitors

A

Sodium polyanethol sulfonate (SPS)

66
Q

T/F: SPS is both an anticoagulant and WBC inhibitor.

A

True

Blood has bacteria, should not be clotted
Also has in vitro effect

67
Q

Red top (glass)

A

exposed in surface area (unknown to the platelet activates its function to create clot)

68
Q

Red top (plastic)

A

has silica (Activates platelets, converts Fibrinogen to Fibrin)

69
Q

Silica causes Fibrinogen to convert to?

A

Fibrin

70
Q

Complications

Refer to bruising, small blood on clotted tissue, only discoloration

A

Ecchymosis

71
Q

Complications

Fainting

A

Syncope

72
Q

Complications

Swelling

A

Hematoma

73
Q

Complications

Prolonged/tight fitting tourniquet

A

Petechiae

74
Q

Complications

Swelling of body fluids

A

Edema

75
Q

Complications

Pink or red plasma, caused by wrong needle gauge

A

Hemolysis

76
Q

Gauge for difficult collection

A

23g

77
Q

Gauge for pediatric collection

A

25g

78
Q

Huge gauge, ____ diameter

A

smaller

79
Q

A huge gauge causes?

A

rupture of blood cells in vitro

80
Q

Complications

Affected lymphatic circulation

A

Mastectomy

81
Q

Complications

Allergies in _______ may be present

A

iodine, latex

82
Q

Complications

Do not collect from the following:

A
  • IV therapy
  • Fistula
  • Scarred or burned
83
Q

Other Complications

A
  • missed hit
  • seizures or tremors
  • vomiting

MT6318 HEMA 1 (6 decks)

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