U3: Fundamentals of Information Systems Flashcards
an arrangement of data (information), processes, people, and information technology that interact to collect, process, store, and provide as output the information needed to support the organization
a. Information technology (IT)
b. Information System (IS)
c. Health information systems
d. models in IT
Information System (IS)
refer to any system that “captures, stores, manages or transmits information related to the health of individuals or the activities of organizations that work within the health sector”
a. Information technology (IT)
b. Information System (IS)
c. Health information systems
d. models in IT
Health information systems
a contemporary term that describes the combination of computer technology (hardware and software) with data and telecommunications technology
a. Information technology (IT)
b. Information System (IS)
c. Health information systems
d. models in IT
Information technology (IT)
Define the way we learn about the world, interpret what we see and apply our knowledge to effect change, whether that is through our own actions or using technology such as a computer
a. Information technology (IT)
b. Information System (IS)
c. Health information systems
d. models in IT
Models in IT
Components of Information Technology
- Hardware
- Software
- Telecommunications
- Networks
- Database
- People
- Procedures
Identify the component of IT:
collective term for computer programs, which are sets of instructions to computer hardware
a. software
b. hardware
software
Choose 2:
general categories of software
a. application software
b. database software
c. system software
d. traditional software
application software
system software
Identify the component of IT:
Collections of interrelated data that are shared by many units and contribute to productivity and efficiency
a. networks
b. telecommunications
c. procedures
d. database
Database
Raw facts;
building blocks of information
a. data
b. information
c. knowledge
Data
T/F:
Data must be formatted for storage, processing and presentation
true
Defines relationships among data
a. data
b. information
c. knowledge
Knowledge
Produced by processing data
a. data
b. information
c. knowledge
Information
Requires applying knowledge to reveal meaning
a. data
b. information
c. knowledge
Information
Collection of data and its associated model
a. database
b. knowledge base
c. ontology
d. rules of inference
Database
Collection of rules can be thought of as a database containing elements of knowledge
a. database
b. knowledge base
c. ontology
d. rules of inference
Knowledge Base
Set of concepts understood in a knowledge base and how these concepts are arranged meaningfully
a. database
b. knowledge base
c. ontology
d. rules of inference
Ontology
Specify how a knowledge base can be applied to a database
a. database
b. knowledge base
c. ontology
d. rules of inference
Rules of inference
Identify the component of IT:
Information systems professionals and users
a. people
b. procedures
c. telecommunications
d. networks
People
Identify the component of IT:
Analyze organizational information needs, design and construct information systems, write computer programs, operate the hardware, and maintain software
a. people
b. procedures
c. telecommunications
d. networks
People
Identify the component of IT:
Rules for achieving optimal and secure operations in data processing
a. people
b. procedures
c. telecommunications
d. networks
Procedures
Identify the component of IT:
include priorities in dispensing software applications and security measures
a. people
b. procedures
c. telecommunications
d. networks
Procedures
Identify the component of IT:
Communication over distance, primarily communication of bits representing many forms of data and information
a. people
b. procedures
c. telecommunications
d. networks
Telecommunications
Identify the component of IT:
Combination of devices connected to each other through one of the communications media (cables, radio waves, etc.)
a. people
b. procedures
c. telecommunications
d. networks
Networks
Types of Networks:
(according to reach and complexity)
- LAN (Local Area Network)
- WAN (Wide Area Network)
- MAN (Metropolitan Area Network)
- PAN (Personal Area Network)
Identify the type of IS:
Its role includes processing business transactions, controlling industrial processes, supporting enterprise communications and collaborations, and updating corporate databases efficiently
a. Operations Support Systems
b. Management Support Systems
c. Specialized Processing Systems
Operations Support Systems
Identify the type of IS:
It provides information and support for decision making by all types of managers
a. Operations Support Systems
b. Management Support Systems
c. Specialized Processing Systems
Management Support Systems
Identify the type of IS:
It can support either operations or management applications
a. Operations Support Systems
b. Management Support Systems
c. Specialized Processing Systems
Specialized Processing Systems
5 Phases in Systems Development Life Cycle (SDLC)
Phase 1: Planning
Phase 2: Analysis
Phase 3: Design
Phase 4: Implementation
Phase 5: Support
Identify the phase in SDLC:
1. Review project requests
2. Prioritize project requests
3. Allocate resources
4. Identify project development team
a. Phase 1: Planning
b. Phase 2: Analysis
c. Phase 3: Design
d. Phase 4: Implementation
e. Phase 5: Support
Phase 1: Planning
Identify the phase in SDLC:
1. Conduct preliminary investigation
2. Perform detailed analysis activities:
- Study current system
- Determine user requirements
- Recommend solution
a. Phase 1: Planning
b. Phase 2: Analysis
c. Phase 3: Design
d. Phase 4: Implementation
e. Phase 5: Support
Phase 2: Analysis
Identify the phase in SDLC:
1. Acquire hardware and software, if necessary
2. Develop details of system
a. Phase 1: Planning
b. Phase 2: Analysis
c. Phase 3: Design
d. Phase 4: Implementation
e. Phase 5: Support
Phase 3: Design
Identify the phase in SDLC:
1. Develop programs, if necessary
2. Install and test new system
3. Train users
4. Convert to new system
a. Phase 1: Planning
b. Phase 2: Analysis
c. Phase 3: Design
d. Phase 4: Implementation
e. Phase 5: Support
Phase 4: Implementation
Identify the phase in SDLC:
1. Conduct post-implementation system review
2. Identify errors and enhancements
3. Monitor system performance
a. Phase 1: Planning
b. Phase 2: Analysis
c. Phase 3: Design
d. Phase 4: Implementation
e. Phase 5: Support
Phase 5: Support
Refers to the general logical structure in which records are stored within a database and the method used to establish relationships among the records
a. hierarchical model
b. database Model
c. relational model
d. object-oriented model
Database Model
Types of Database Model
- Hierarchical model
- Network model
- Relational model
- Object-oriented model
Identify the type of software:
manages computer resources, such as CPU time, memory allocation, and carries out routine operations, such as translation and data communication
a. system software
b. application software
system software
Identify the type of software:
can include programs that carry out narrowly focused tasks, or general-purpose applications, such as spreadsheets and word processors
a. system software
b. application software
application software
Identify the type of data maintenance:
no mechanism for tagging, retrieving, and manipulating data
a. traditional file approach
b. database approach
traditional file approach
Identify the type of data maintenance:
has mechanism for tagging, retrieving, and manipulating data
a. traditional file approach
b. database approach
database approach
T/F:
Database approach has several advantages over the traditional file approach such as:
1. less data redundancy
2. application-data independence
3. greater probability of data integrity
true
“If this, then that” (IFTTT)
statements
a. database
b. knowledge base
c. ontology
d. rules of inference
ontology
The proportion in which models are stored either in the computer or as mental models in the head of a human determines where the interpretation takes place.
Computational models for the automation of data interpretation
T/F:
Humans and computers can share the burden of data interpretation. The amount of interpretation delegated to the computer depends upon how much of the interpretative model is shared between human and computer.
true
Identify the function of operations support systems:
process data resulting from business transactions, update operational databases, and produce business documents
a. transaction processing systems
b. process control systems
c. enterprise collaboration systems
transaction processing systems
Identify the function of operations support systems:
monitor and control industrial processes
a. transaction processing systems
b. process control systems
c. enterprise collaboration systems
process control systems
Identify the function of operations support systems:
support team, workgroup, and enterprise communications and collaborations
a. transaction processing systems
b. process control systems
c. enterprise collaboration systems
enterprise collaboration systems
Identify the function of management support systems:
provide information in the form of prespecified reports and displays to support business decision making
a. management information systems
b. decision support systems
c. executive information systems
management information systems
Identify the function of management support systems:
provide interactive ad hoc support for the decision-making processes of managers and other business professionals
a. management information systems
b. decision support systems
c. executive information systems
decision support systems
Identify the function of management support systems:
provide critical information from MIS, DSS, BI, and other sources tailored to the information needs of executives
a. management information systems
b. decision support systems
c. executive information systems
executive information systems
Identify the category of IS:
knowledge-based systems that provide expert advice and act as expert consultants to users
a. expert systems
b. knowledge management systems
expert systems
Identify the category of IS:
knowledge-based systems that support the creation, organization, and dissemination of business knowledge within the enterprise
a. expert systems
b. knowledge management systems
knowledge management systems
Identify the category of IS:
support operations or management processes that provide a firm with strategic products, services, and capabilities for competitive advantage
a. strategic information systems
b. functional business systems
strategic information systems
Identify the category of IS:
support a variety of operational and managerial applications of the basic business functions of a company
a. strategic information systems
b. functional business systems
functional business systems
Identify the term:
The organization should assess the feasibility of the new system—is it technologically, financially, and operationally feasible? Furthermore, sometimes it is easy to think that implementing a new IS will solve all information management problems
a. The Information Systems Development Life Cycle
b. Systems Development Life Cycle (SDLC)
c. Health Information Systems (HIS)
Systems Development Life Cycle (SDLC)
Identify the term:
important to examine current systems and problems in order to identify opportunities for improvement
a. The Information Systems Development Life Cycle
b. Systems Development Life Cycle (SDLC)
c. Health Information Systems (HIS)
The Information Systems Development Life Cycle
T/F:
In SDLC, the five steps of the cycle are based on the stages of the systems approach.
true
T/F:
In SDLC, it is possible to recycle back to any previous step if more work is needed.
true
Identify the types of database model:
oldest models that are still used in some databases, but are no longer used in newly constructed databases
a. hierarchical model
b. network model
c. relational model
d. object-oriented model
hierarchical and network models
Identify the types of database model:
Virtually all new databases are designed following the?
a. hierarchical model
b. network model
c. relational model
d. object-oriented model
relational and object-oriented models
In the relational model, data are stored as _________.
a. charts
b. numbers
c. tables
tables
Identify the type of database model:
databases that represent data in the form of objects and classes
a. object-oriented database management system
b. object-oriented databases
c. object-oriented programming (OOP)
object-oriented databases (OODB)
Object-oriented databases follow the fundamental principles of ______________.
a. object-oriented database management system
b. object-oriented databases
c. object-oriented programming (OOP)
object-oriented programming (OOP)
Identify the type of database model:
an alternative implementation to that of a relational model
a. object-oriented database management system
b. object-oriented database model (OODBM)
c. object-oriented programming (OOP)
object-oriented database model (OODBM)
Identify the type of database model:
a hybrid application that uses a combination of object-oriented and relational database principles to process data
a. object-oriented database management system
b. object-oriented databases
c. object-oriented programming (OOP)
object-oriented database management system
Identify the type of database model:
Object-Oriented Programming + Relational Database Features = ?
a. object-oriented database management system
b. object-oriented database model
c. object-oriented programming (OOP)
Object-Oriented Database Model
has properties (state) and methods (behavior) and is identified using a unique object identifier
a. entity
b. character
c. file
d. object
object
