U3 AOS3 definitions Flashcards
operations management
the management of resources to achieve efficient outputs of goods and services
inputs
inputs are the resources that will be converted into outputs
processes
processes are the activities that help transform inputs into outputs
outputs
outputs are final good or service that is produced and ready for customers.
manufacturing business
A manufacturing business produces a tangible, physical good, either as a finished product or a component part, used as an input in another manufacturing system
service business
provide an intangible product. Services are performed rather than being produced and usually involve provision of labour or expertise in return for payment.
efficiency
how well a business has used its resources to achieved its stated objective.
effectiveness
the degree to which a business achieved its stated objectives.
technology
practical application of science to achieve commercial or industrial objective.
automated production line (APL)
equipment and machines are arranged in a sequence and controlled by computer systems to perform tasks automatically
robotics
integrates computer science and engineering in the design, construction and use of machines to perform manual tasks
computed aided design (CAD)
software that creates product possibilities from a series of parameters
computer aided manufacturing (CAM)
software used to allow the production process to be directed and controlled by computers
artificial intelligence
Deals with the development of computer programs that imitate human intellect
online services
providing information or support over the internet
materials management
involves the planning and coordination of all inputs that are required for an operation system
forecasting
is a planning strategy where past data and trends are used to predict future demand so informed decisions can be made around materials
master production schedule
outlines what is going to be produced in what quantities and when it is going to be produced
materials requirement plan
is an itemized list of materials that are required to meet specific orders
just in time
is a strategy that ensures the right amount of materials arrive just as they are needed for production
quality management
the management of the production process that ensures the outputs produced are consistently reliable and durable
quality control
a procedure that aims to ensure that a good or service adheres to a set of quality criteria by performing checks at regular intervals
quality assurance
a system where the business **meets a set of predetermined quality standards **often set by an independent body
total quality mamagement (TQM)
a holistic approach to quality where all members of an organisation focus on continuous process improvement, customer focus, defect prevention and universal responsibility
quality circle
a group of workers who regularly meet to discuss quality and production issues, with proposed changes to production methods put forward to management
waste
waste includes any **action in the production process **that does not add value for the customer
waste minimisation
waste minimisation is the process of reducing the amount of discarded resources created by the business’s operations system.
reduce
decrease use of resources, activities, labour, and time to decrease waste production
reuse
if waste is produced, make effort to **repurpose instead of discarding **
recycle
convert waste materials into **usable products **
lean management
lean management aims to deliver customer value by systematically reducing waste and focusing on continuous improvement
pull
production of the good or service is only started when customer places an order.
one piece flow
an uninterrupted flow of process from beginning to the end of the production process
takt
the operation system seeks to create a rhythm whereby all the steps in production of the good or service are synchronised to create a “continuous flow”.
zero defects
focuses on quality,** identifying potential defects** as soon as possible to ensure that any issues are resolved quickly and efficiently, resulting in high quality.
corporate social responsibility (CSR)
the commitment by businesses to go above and beyond legal obligations to ensure they are acting in an ethical manner in relations to social, economic, and environmental considerations.
global sourcing of inputs
a business uses suppliers from overseas countries
overseas manufacture
when the production of a good occurs in a overseas location. This may be done by the business or outsourced (global outsourcing).
global outsourcing
where a business hands over part of its operation to an overseas business.
