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[3Y1S] MT 6320 > U2.2.1 Gr (+) Cocci : Staphylococcus & Microccus > Flashcards

U2.2.1 Gr (+) Cocci : Staphylococcus & Microccus Flashcards

1
Q

Generalities
Belong to Family Micrococcacea

A

Micrococci

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2
Q

Generalities
Gram (+) cocci in clusters; in tetrads

A

Micrococci

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3
Q

Generalities
Usually normal flora and associated with skin lesions and more commonly isolated among immunocompromised patients

A

Micrococci

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4
Q

Generalities
May be found in the environment

A

Micrococci

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5
Q

Odd One Out
Other gram positive cocci that may be mistaken for Staphylococcus are the following:

a. Rothia mucilaginosa/Stomatococcus mucilanginosus
b. Aerococcus
c. Allorococcus otitis
d. Micrococcus luteus

A

d. Micrococcus luteus

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6
Q

Generalities
emerging pathogen (UTI, endocarditis)

A

Rothia mucilaginosa/Stomatococcus mucilanginosus

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7
Q

Generalities
Belong to Family Staphylococcacae

A

Staphylococci

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8
Q

Generalities
Gr (+) Cocci (0.5-1.5 um) in clusters, in pairs, singly

A

Staphylococci

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9
Q

Staphylococci

All are Catalase (+) except

A

AS
1. S. aureus subsp anaerobius
2. S. saccharoluticus

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10
Q

Staphylococci
All are Modified Oxidase (-)

A

SLV
1. S. sciuri
2. S. lentus
3. S. vitulus

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11
Q

T/F All Staphylococci are Motile and non-sporeformers

A

F, all are non-motile and non-spore formers. Bacilli are motile

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12
Q

also called as grape-like clusters

A

Staphylococci

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13
Q

Staphylococci
Gaseous requirements are aerobic or facultative anaerobe except

A

AS (same as + in catalase testing)
1. Staphylococcus aureus subspecies
anaerobius
2. Staphylococcus saccharolyticus

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14
Q

T/F Staphylococci are halophilic and nitrate reducers.

A

T

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15
Q

Staphylococci
Colonical Morphology
Size, Elevation, Consistency, Color

A

Pinhead/Medium-sized, raised, creamy, lemon yellow or golden yellow colonies

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16
Q

Staphylococci
S. albus color

A

white

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17
Q

Staphylococci
S. aureus color

A

golden yellow

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18
Q

Staphylococci
S. citreus color

A

lemon yellow

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19
Q

T/F Other species in Staphylococcus are non-pigmented

A

T

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20
Q

An initial test is performed to differentiate the Staphylococcus species

A

Coagulase Test

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21
Q

Most clinically significant coagulase producing Staphylococci

A

Staphylococcus aureus

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22
Q

Coagulase Producing Staphylococci

A

Staphylococcus aureus, other coagulase-producing staphylococci

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23
Q

Odd One Out
Other Coagulase Producing Staphylococci :
a. S. intermedius
b. S. pseudointermedius
c. S. byicus
d. S. delphini
e. S. lutrae,

A

None, all are coagulase producing Staphylococci HSHJAHHSAJSHASHJAHSHAHAHAHA

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24
Q

Odd One Out
Other Coagulase Producing Staphylococci :
a. S. agnetis
b. some strains of S. schleiferi
c. S. hyicus
d. S. haemolyticus
e. S. scheliferi

A

d. S. haemolyticus

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25
Q

2 groups of Coagulase Negative Staphylococci (CONS)

A

Novobiocin Susceptible & Novobiocin Resistant

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26
Q

Novobiocin Susceptible Staphylococci (Choose 2)
a. S. epidermidis
b. S. saprophyticus
c. S. xylosus
d. S. haemoliticus

A

S. epidermidis & S. haemoliticus`

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27
Q

Novobiocin Resistant Staphylococci (Choose 2)
a. S. epidermidis
b. S. saprophyticus
c. S. xylosus
d. S. haemoliticus

A

S. saprophyticus & S. xylosus

28
Q

Clinically Significant Staphylococci (4)

A

Staphylococcus aureus
Staphylococcus epidermidis
Staphylococcus lugdunensis
Staphylococcus saprophyticus

29
Q

Odd one out
Less common but implicated as opportunistic pathogens
a. S. warneri
b. S. capitis
c. S. epidermidis
d. S. hominis
e. S. schleiferi
f. S. haemoluticus

A

c. S. epidermidis

30
Q

Most clinically significant Staphylococcus species

A

Staphylococcus aureus

31
Q

Can be recovered from almost any clinical specimen

A

Staphylococcus aureus

32
Q

Odd one out
Virulence Factors of S. aureus
a. Hemolysins (alpha, beta, gamma and delta)
b. Panton Valentine Factor - Leukocidin
c. Beta-Lactamase
d. PBP1

A

d. PBP1; should be PBP2

33
Q

Impotant Virulence Factors of S.aureus

A

Protein A, Capsular Polysaccharide, Peptidoglycan & Techoic Acids, Nucleases

34
Q

S. aureus

Heat Stable Toxins

A

Enterotoxins

35
Q

S. aureus
Enterotoxins for Staphylococcal Food Poisoning

A

Toxins A, B, D

36
Q

S. aureus
causes almost all cases of menstruating
TSS

A

TSST-1

37
Q

S. aureus
also known as Epidermolytic Toxin

A

Exfoliative Toxin

38
Q

S. aureus
Toxin implicated in Ritter-Lyell Disease or Scalded Skin Svndrome or Dermatitis Exfoliativa

A

Exfoliative Toxin

39
Q

S. aureus
Also implicated in Bullous Impetigo

A

Exfoliative Toxin

40
Q

S. aureus
suppurative infections

A

Skin Wound Infections

41
Q

Odd One Out
Skin Wound Infections caused by S. aureus
a. Folliculitis
b. Rashes
c. Furuncles (boils)
d. Carbuncles
e. Bullous impetigo
f. Acne

A

b. Rashes

42
Q

S. aureus
Exfoliative dermatitis that occurs among newborns and previously healthy young children; also seen among adults with chronic renal
failure

A

SSS: Scalded Skin Syndrome

43
Q

S. aureus
Multisystemic disease

A

Toxic Shock Syndrome

44
Q

S. aureus
has 2 categories : Menstruating Associated and Non-
menstruating associated

A

Toxic Shock Syndrome

45
Q

S. aureus
S/S: sudden onset of fever, chills, vomiting, diarrhea, muscle pain, rashes, can progress to hypotension and shock

A

Toxic Shock Syndrome

46
Q

S. aureus
Involves the ingestion of a preformed enterotoxin from food that is improperly stored

A

Staphylococcal Food Poisoning

47
Q

S. aureus
S/S: appear rapidly (incubation period: 2-8hrs); nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain

A

Staphylococcal Food Poisoning

48
Q

S. aureus
most common enterotoxin in staphylococcal food poisoning

A

Enterotoxin A

49
Q

Most common other infection of S. aureus

A

Osteomyelitis

50
Q

Odd One Out

Other infections of S aureus include :
a. Osteomvelitis
b. Staphylococcal pneumonia
c. Staphylococcal bacteremia
d. Staphylococcal sepsis
e. Endocarditis
f. Staphylococcal osteomyelitis
g. Septic Arthritis

A

d. Staphylococcal sepsis

51
Q

Staph species
Usually a normal inhabitant of the skin (predominant)

A

S. epidermis

52
Q

Staph species
Most common cause of of prosthetic valve endocarditis

A

S. epidermis

53
Q

Staph species

Common cause of nosocomial UTIs & prosthetic valve endocarditis

A

S. epidermis

54
Q

Staph species

Causes “stitch abscess”

A

S. epidermis

55
Q

Staph species

50% of CONS isolates

A

S. epidermis

56
Q

Staph species

2nd most Common cause of UTIs

A

S. saprophyticus

57
Q

Staph species

Associated with pyelonephritis and cystitis in young women and in older men using catheters

A

S. saprophyticus

58
Q

Staph species

Colony counts may be <100,000 CFU / mI but is still significant to be considered as a cause of UTI

A

S. saprophyticus

59
Q

Staph species

A cause o f nosocomial infections such as endocarditis, septicemia, meningitis and skin and soft tissue infections

A

S. lugdunensis

60
Q

Staph species

Positive for Clumping Factor (slide coagulase)

A

S. lugdunensis

61
Q

Staph species

Causes an aggressive type of endocarditis

A

S. lugdunensis

62
Q

Staph species

High Mortality Rate

A

S. lugdunensis

63
Q

Other Staphylococci

scalp

A

S. capitis

64
Q

Other Staphylococci

Some are normal flora of animals

A

S. intermedius, S. delphini, S. pseudointermedius

65
Q

ODD ONE OUT
Other Staphylococci include
a. S. warneri
b. S. hominis
c. S. schleiferi
d. S. haemoluticus

A

All are staphylococci species

[3Y1S] MT 6320 (8 decks)

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