U2.1: Ionic model Flashcards
Define Ionic bond
Electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions.
What ions have a stronger electrostatic attraction and a stronger ionic bond?
Ions with a greater charge have stronger electrostatic attractions and stronger ionic bonds
What is the relation between the radius, the charge and the ionic bond of an element?
- Smaller the radius and greater the charge of ions, the stronger of ionic bonds and vice versa
Define melting point
The temperature at which a solid will undergo a change of state to a liquid
Define Volatility
The ease at which a substance vaporises or becomes a gas.
Define lattice enthalpy
A measure of the strength of the electrostatic attraction between ions in an ionic compound
Relation between the lattice enthalpy and ionic bond?
- The larger the enthalpy, the stronger the ionic bond and vice versa
Define electrical conductivity
The ability of charged particles to move through a region of space
What is conductivity exclusively NOT for
Conductivity is not exclusively for electrons, it’s the mobility of ions too (in molten or aqueous state)
What does the strength of ionic bonds depend on
Atomic Radius
Nuclear Charge
What are the polyatomic ions
- Sulfate
- Sulfite
- Nitrate
- Nitrite
- Carbonate
- Hydrogen Carbonate
- Hydroxide
- Ammonium
- Phosphate
Charge of sulfate
SO4 2-
Charge of Sulfite
SO3 2-
Charge of nitrate
NO3 -
Charge of Nitrite
NO2 -
Charge of Carbonate
CO3 2-
Charge of Hydrogen Carbonate
HCO3 -
Charge of Hydroxide
OH -
Charge of Ammonium
NH4 +
Charge of Phosphate
PO4 3-
Order of energy required to breakl the bonds in all tyopes of bonds?
Covalent < metallic < ionic
Explain why the bonding of HCl is less than that of LiCl
- LiCl has ionic bonding whereas HCl has polar, covalent bonding
- The electrostatic forces of attraction in Ionic bonds are much stronger than the Intermolecular forces of attraction in polar covalent bonds.
Which, out of CaO and CaF2, will have a higher melting point
- CaO
- O has a greater charge than Fluorine meaning there’s a stronger ionic bond in CaO than CaF2 hence a greater magnitude of enthalpy charge
When ions lose electrons what do they gain
A positive charge (or forming cations)
And vice versa
