U2: Upper Respiratory Drugs Flashcards
Diphenhydramine
What is the brand name and what type of drug is it?
Benadryl - antihistamine
Diphenhydramine is contraindicated for:
Closed-angle glaucoma, hepatic disease, GI/GU obstruction, increased ocular pressure.
What are the side effects of diphenhydramine?
Anti-cholinergic side effects: Dry mouth, dizziness, drowsiness, insomnia, tachycardia, difficulty urinating, mucous thickening in airways and constipation
What are the adverse effects of diphenhydramine?
Seizures and thrombocytopenia
Who should use caution when taking diphenhydramine?
Asthmatics
Dextromethorphan hydrobromide
What is the brand name and what type of drug is it?
Robitussin - Antitussive
What are the side effects of dextromethorphan hydrobromide?
Dizziness, drowsiness, fatigue, N/V, restlessness, impaired coordination
What are the adverse effects of Dextromethorphan hydrobromide?
Psychosis, tachycardia, seizures, respiratory depression and serotonin syndrome
Dextromethorphan hydrobromide is contraindicated for:
Hypersensitivity, MAOI therapy (antidepressants)
Who should take caution when using Dextromethorphan hydrobromide?
Asthma, emphysema, hepatic disease, older adults, pregnancy/breastfeeding, smokers
How does Dextromethorphan hydrobromide work?
Suppresses the cough reflex in the medulla
Is Dextromethorphan hydrobromide for a productive or non-productive cough?
Non-productive only.
Pseudoephedrine
What is the brand name and what type of drug is it?
Sudafed - Decongestant
What type of decongestant is pseudoephedrine?
Alpha-adrenergic
What is a side effect of pseudoephedrine?
Insomnia
What are the contraindications of pseudoephedrine?
High BP, type 2 diabetes, hepatic disorder, glaucoma, hyperthyroidism, renal disorder, heart condition and prostate issues
How long is it advisable to take pseudoephedrine?
No longer than 3 days, can cause rebound congestion.
What should patients avoid while using pseudoephedrine?
Caffeine
Which patients should use caution with pseudoephedrine?
Patients using beta-blockers or MAOIs. Could cause hypertension or cardiac arrhythmias
Guaifenesin
What is the brand name and what type of drug is it?
Mucinex - Expectorant
What are the side effects of guaifenesin?
N/V/D, dizziness, headache, drowsiness
Patients who take guaifenesin should (increase/decrease) fluids.
Increase
Is guaifenesin for a productive or non-productive cough?
Productive
Fluticasone
What is the brand name and what type of drug is it?
Flonase - Intra-nasal glucocorticoids
What are the side effects of fluticasone?
Headache, nasal irritation, pharyngitis, fatigue, insomnia, yeast infection, hoarseness, blurred vision
Is fluticasone for short-term or long-term use?
Short term, can cause rebound congestion
What is the proper method for using fluticasone?
Point away from septum and sniff gently.
