U2 L4 Tools, Technology, And Equipment To Produce In Video And Film

Question 1

What is Digital Filmmaking?

Answer 1

processes and techniques used in making films

Question 2

What form of filmmaking is most preferred to filmmaker purists?

Answer 2

traditional filmmaking (actual film)

Question 3

What is film?

Answer 3

plastic strip made of chemical layers and a layer of light-sensitive crystals

Question 4

What was the first major studio that stopped releasing movies on film material in the US?

Answer 4

Paramount

Question 5

What is a Digital Cinema Package (DCP)?

Answer 5

files on a hard drive for film projection

Question 6

How can a theater owner cut costs for screening a movie digitally?

Answer 6

film studios pay a virtual print free

Question 7

What was film projection like in the post WW II era?

Answer 7

• risky
• projectionists highly paid but had dangerous jobs as nitrate film is flammable
• fires in projection booths were common

Question 8

Why do most directors prefer digital cameras?

Answer 8

• easy to transport and fast

- compared, 35mm film cameras are bulky

Question 9

What are the most important components in a camera?

Answer 9

• light-processing chip
• video signal
• gears for recording

Question 10

What is a light-processing chip?

Answer 10

converts light to electrical signal

Question 11

What are Charge coupled devices (CCD)?

Answer 11

type of light-processing chip that has two sensors
1-sensitive to light color
2-sensitive to brightness

Question 12

What is the difference between consumer cameras and professional cameras in terms of CCDs?

Answer 12

C- uses only CCD

P- has prism

Question 13

What is a 3-CCD camera?

Answer 13

produces cleaner, sharper and more saturated image compared to CCD

Question 14

What is the largest criticism of digital cameras?

Answer 14

lack of depth of field

Question 15

What is Depth of Field?

Answer 15

distance between nearest and farthest objects that can appear in an acceptable range of focus

Question 16

What are Complementary Metal Oxide Conductors (CMO)?

Answer 16

• 35mm chips
• capable of producing depth of field that is close to 35mm film cameras
• captures better flesh tones and smoother curves

Question 17

What is progressive format (p)?

Answer 17

• resolution meaning the FULL picture updates every 1/60th of a second
• film-like look

Question 18

What is interlaced format (I)?

Answer 18

• resolution meaning HALF of the picture is updated every 1/60th of a second
• video look

Question 19

What is the smallest high-definition resolution?

Answer 19

280 x 720

720p

Question 20

What does 1080i represent as a resolution?

Answer 20

1920 x 1080 pixels sent at 60 INTERLACED fps

Question 21

What does 1080p represent as a resolution?

Answer 21

1920 x 1080 pixels sent at 60 COMPLETE fps

Question 22

What is recording format?

Answer 22

way the image is captured by chip and processed

Question 23

What is a lens?

Answer 23

• glass that focuses an image

- light passes through to store in film

Question 24

What is the primary characteristic of a lens?

Answer 24

focal length

Question 25

What is focal length?

Answer 25

distance between the optical center of the lens and the camera’s image sensor when focused to infinity

Question 26

What is the optical center?

Answer 26

the point in a lens where the light rays, from two different sources, cross entering the lens

Question 27

What is fluorite and what how does it affect a picture?

Answer 27

• composite of plastic

- low light sensitivity with high-quality picture

Question 28

How can you increase or decrease focal length?

Answer 28

wide-angle adaptor or telephoto lens can be added to a camera

Question 29

What are Prime lenses?

Answer 29

• fixed focal length

- provides crisp images with less light loss

Question 30

What is an iris?

Answer 30

camera feature that controls amount of light coming through a lens to control exposure

Question 31

What is speed in terms of how lenses are categorized?

Answer 31

maximum opening of the iris and how much light it lets through

Question 32

What are filters?

Answer 32

glass pieces that changes exposure and softness of an image

Question 33

what is a neutral density filter (ND)?

Answer 33

• reduces light that enters a camera lens

- used for outside shooting to darken sky without affecting subject

Question 34

What are polarizers?

Answer 34

removes reflections and brings out colors

Question 35

What are the two types of production monitors?

Answer 35

• cathode ray tube monitors (CRT)

- liquid crystal display monitors (LCD)

Question 36

What is a cathode ray tube monitor (CRT)?

Answer 36

• similar to home TV
• good contrast range and saturated colors
• standard in industry

Question 37

What is a liquid crystal display LCD)?

Answer 37

• flat display

- higher quality than flat screen TV

Question 38

What is a fluid head tripod?

Answer 38

thick oil decreases tension

Question 39

What is a gear head tripod?

Answer 39

• supports 35mm cameras

- controls camera on two wheels

Question 40

What is a dolly?

Answer 40

• wheeled platform that moves camera

- can operate on a track

Question 41

What is a steadicam?

Answer 41

• handheld or worn on vest

- absorbs shock of operator’s movements

Question 42

What are the two basic categories of lighting?

Answer 42

• Open-face lights

- Fresnels

Question 43

What are Open-face lights?

Answer 43

has exposed lamp built in front of a focusing reflector

Question 44

What are Fresnels?

Answer 44

lights that have built-in lens that focuses the light

Question 45

What are barn doors?

Answer 45

metal flaps that shape the light

Question 46

What are flood and spotlights?

Answer 46

spreads light across an area or focusses light into a narrow beam