U2 L4 Tools, Technology, And Equipment To Produce In Video And Film Flashcards
What is Digital Filmmaking?
processes and techniques used in making films
What form of filmmaking is most preferred to filmmaker purists?
traditional filmmaking (actual film)
What is film?
plastic strip made of chemical layers and a layer of light-sensitive crystals
What was the first major studio that stopped releasing movies on film material in the US?
Paramount
What is a Digital Cinema Package (DCP)?
files on a hard drive for film projection
How can a theater owner cut costs for screening a movie digitally?
film studios pay a virtual print free
What was film projection like in the post WW II era?
- risky
- projectionists highly paid but had dangerous jobs as nitrate film is flammable
- fires in projection booths were common
Why do most directors prefer digital cameras?
- easy to transport and fast
- compared, 35mm film cameras are bulky
What are the most important components in a camera?
- light-processing chip
- video signal
- gears for recording
What is a light-processing chip?
converts light to electrical signal
What are Charge coupled devices (CCD)?
type of light-processing chip that has two sensors
1-sensitive to light color
2-sensitive to brightness
What is the difference between consumer cameras and professional cameras in terms of CCDs?
C- uses only CCD
P- has prism
What is a 3-CCD camera?
produces cleaner, sharper and more saturated image compared to CCD
What is the largest criticism of digital cameras?
lack of depth of field
What is Depth of Field?
distance between nearest and farthest objects that can appear in an acceptable range of focus
What are Complementary Metal Oxide Conductors (CMO)?
- 35mm chips
- capable of producing depth of field that is close to 35mm film cameras
- captures better flesh tones and smoother curves
What is progressive format (p)?
- resolution meaning the FULL picture updates every 1/60th of a second
- film-like look
What is interlaced format (I)?
- resolution meaning HALF of the picture is updated every 1/60th of a second
- video look
What is the smallest high-definition resolution?
280 x 720
720p
What does 1080i represent as a resolution?
1920 x 1080 pixels sent at 60 INTERLACED fps
What does 1080p represent as a resolution?
1920 x 1080 pixels sent at 60 COMPLETE fps
What is recording format?
way the image is captured by chip and processed
What is a lens?
- glass that focuses an image
- light passes through to store in film
What is the primary characteristic of a lens?
focal length
What is focal length?
distance between the optical center of the lens and the camera’s image sensor when focused to infinity
What is the optical center?
the point in a lens where the light rays, from two different sources, cross entering the lens
What is fluorite and what how does it affect a picture?
- composite of plastic
- low light sensitivity with high-quality picture
How can you increase or decrease focal length?
wide-angle adaptor or telephoto lens can be added to a camera
What are Prime lenses?
- fixed focal length
- provides crisp images with less light loss
What is an iris?
camera feature that controls amount of light coming through a lens to control exposure
What is speed in terms of how lenses are categorized?
maximum opening of the iris and how much light it lets through
What are filters?
glass pieces that changes exposure and softness of an image
what is a neutral density filter (ND)?
- reduces light that enters a camera lens
- used for outside shooting to darken sky without affecting subject
What are polarizers?
removes reflections and brings out colors
What are the two types of production monitors?
- cathode ray tube monitors (CRT)
- liquid crystal display monitors (LCD)
What is a cathode ray tube monitor (CRT)?
- similar to home TV
- good contrast range and saturated colors
- standard in industry
What is a liquid crystal display LCD)?
- flat display
- higher quality than flat screen TV
What is a fluid head tripod?
thick oil decreases tension
What is a gear head tripod?
- supports 35mm cameras
- controls camera on two wheels
What is a dolly?
- wheeled platform that moves camera
- can operate on a track
What is a steadicam?
- handheld or worn on vest
- absorbs shock of operator’s movements
What are the two basic categories of lighting?
- Open-face lights
- Fresnels
What are Open-face lights?
has exposed lamp built in front of a focusing reflector
What are Fresnels?
lights that have built-in lens that focuses the light
What are barn doors?
metal flaps that shape the light
What are flood and spotlights?
spreads light across an area or focusses light into a narrow beam
