U2: Introduction to Java Fundamentals Flashcards
Algorithm
Sequential technique that accepts input and produces output needed to solve problem
Computer Programming
Writing code computers can translate and understand (ex: programs, applications)
Computer Science
Ideas, concepts and mathematics behind computer programming
Programmers
- Write code for software.
- Employed in software development and IT.
Programming Skills [A]
- Computer use
- Reading and writing text
- Finding information
Programming Skills [B]
- Oral communication
- Scheduling/budgeting/accounting
- Data analysis
- Job task planning
Programming Skills [C]
- Decision making & problem solving
- Measurement and calculation
- Critical thinking
Intergrated Development Environment (IDE):
- Organizes program and files; ensures code is correct
- Software allows writing of programs
Development Kit
Software turning code into viable computer program
Cloud IDE
- Hosted and accessed through Internet; runs on remote servers
- Accessible by any device
Locally Installed IDE
Installed on developer’s computer
Cloud IDE Accessibility
- Enables real-time collaboration from different locations
- Enhances team productivity; streamlines development
Cloud IDE Scalability
- Provides scalability of computing resources
- Developers can scale projects up or down without limits on hardware
Cloud IDE Integration
- Built-in integrations with other development tools
- Easy to add version control, deployment pipelines, continuous integration, other features
Locally Installed IDE Performance
Provide faster performance; especially for intensive computing resources
Cloud IDE Maintenance
- Handle maintenance on server side
- Reduces burden on developers to manage software installations
Locally Installed IDE Customization [A]
- More flexibility; allows many things
- Design of GUIs
Locally Installed IDE Offline Access
Don’t require internet connection
Locally Installed IDE Customization [B]
- Configuring of settings; install of plugins
- Tailoring environment to workflow
Locally Installed IDE Security
- Provide greater control over data security
- Good for sensitive information
Locally Installed IDE Resource Control
- More control over resources allocated
- Beneficial for resource-intensive work
WORA (Write Once, Run Anywhere)
- Java doesn’t require compiling program for different computer systems
- Occurs by compiler-interpreter model
Examples of Machine Language Instructions
- Moving data from Ram to register
- Sending data to peripheral device
- Machine code from Windows won’t run on Apple system
Compile
- Turning programming language code into machine language code
- Program is translated, put together, built into machine language
Machine Language Code
- 0s and 1s
- Language of CPU and components of computer
- Slightly different for each computer
Program Code Translation
- Program code must be translated into machine language
- Done with either compiler or interpreter
Scanning
- Compiler scans entire program and translates into machine code
- Interpreter translates program 1 line at time
Analysis & Execution
- Compiler takes longer to analyze source code; execution is faster
- Interpreter takes less time; execution time is slower
Intermediate Code Generation
- Compiler generates intermediate object code; requires further linking
- Interpreter generates no intermediate object code; more memory efficient
Errors in Code Translation
- Compiler generates error after scanning whole program
- Interpreter translates until first error met; makes fixing easy
Languages Using Compiler and Interpreter
- Compiler: C, C++, Java
- Interpreter: Python, Ruby
Java Bytecode
- Middle language between programming and machine code
- Machine independent - can run on any machine
Java Virtual Machine (JVM)
- Interpreter for Java bytecode → converts to machine code
- Different for every OS
Clicking “Run Project” on Java
- First translated into Java bytecode using compiler
- Then translated into machine-dependent code by JVM
