U1AOS3 Typical and Atypical development Flashcards
Typical development
When a child’s behaviours, skills or abilities fall within the expected range of development or progress at similar pace to peers
Typical behaviours
Patterns of behaviours that are expected if an individual or that conform to standards of what is acceptable for a given situation.
Atypical development
When behaviours skills or abilities fall outside the expected range of development or progress at a different rate compared to peers, can go both ways.
Atypical behaviour
Patterns of behaviour that are not expected for an individual or that deviate from the norm and can be harmful or distressing
Categorising behaviour to typical or atypical
- social norms
- maladaptive behaviour
- cultural perspectives
- statistical rarity
- personal distress
Cultural perspectives
The shared rules/expectations by which a culture guides the behaviour of its members
Social norms
Shared standards or social beliefs about what is normal, acceptable or typical behaviour that can be formal or informal
Statistical rarity
Abnormal or atypical behaviours that deviate significantly from the statistical average or mean
Personal distress
Another way of categorising behaviours is whether the behaviour causes personal distress to the individual
Maladaptive behaviour
Behaviour that is unhelpful, dysfunctional and nonproductive and that interferes with a persons ability to adjust to their environment and everyday demands
Normality
Synonym for typicality. Defined as patterns of behaviour that are typical and expected
Neurotypicality
Refers to individuals who have standard or typical brain functioning, processing and behaviours
Abnormality
Behaviours that are unusual, bizzare, atypical or out of the ordinary
Neurodiversity
When a persons brain functions differently in one or more ways compared to what is considered standard or typical
Maladaptive emotions
Very intense or overwhelming emotions that occur frequently, persist for extended periods of time without interruption or are inappropriate for the situation
Maladaptive cognitions
Irrational, inflated thoughts or beliefs that distort a persons perception of reality, usually in a negative way
ASD
Autism Spectrum Disorder is a condition that affects how a person thinks, feels, interacts and experiences their environment. A lifelong disability that can be treated but never cured
Signs and symptoms of ASD
- poor communication and social skills
- inability to understand social and emotional skills
- poor non-verbal communication skills
- struggles to form and maintain relationships
ADHD
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder:
Inattention, hyperactivity and impulsivity
ADHD symptoms
- needs to be present before 12
- persisted for longer than 6 months
- must impair multiple settings
