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CCEA AS Chemistry Units 1, 2 And 3 > (U1) Shapes Of Molecules And Ions > Flashcards

(U1) Shapes Of Molecules And Ions Flashcards

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1
Q

When a molecule has 2 bonding pairs and 0 lone pairs, what is its:

  • shape
  • bond angle
  • name an example
A
  • linear shape
  • 180º
  • BeCl2 or CO2
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2
Q

When a molecule has 3 bonding pairs and 0 lone pairs, what is its:

  • shape
  • bond angle
  • name an example
A
  • trigonal planar
  • 120º
  • BF3
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3
Q

When a molecule has 4 bonding pairs and 0 lone pairs, what is its:

  • shape
  • bond angle
  • name an example
A
  • tetrahedral
  • 109.5º
  • CH4 or NH4+
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4
Q

When a molecule has 3 bonding pairs and 1 lone pair, what is its:

  • shape
  • bond angle
  • name an example
A
  • pyramidal
  • 107º
  • NH3 or N3O+
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5
Q

When a molecule has 2 bonding pairs and 2 lone pairs, what is its:

  • shape
  • bond angle
  • name an example
A
  • bent
  • 104.5º
  • H2O or BrF2+
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6
Q

When a molecule has 5 bonding pairs and 0 lone pairs, what is its:

  • shape
  • bond angle
  • name an example
A
  • trigonal bipyramid
  • 90º and 120º
  • PF5
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7
Q

When a molecule has 3 bonding pairs and 2 lone pairs, what is its:

  • shape
  • bond angle
  • name an example
A
  • T-shaped
  • 86º
  • BrF3 or ClF3
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8
Q

When a molecule has 2 bonding pairs and 3 lone pairs, what is its:

  • shape
  • bond angle
  • name an example
A
  • linear
  • 180º
  • XeF2 and I3-
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9
Q

When a molecule has 6 bonding pairs and 0 lone pairs, what is its:

  • shape
  • bond angle
  • name an example
A
  • octahedral
  • 90º
  • SF6
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10
Q

When a molecule has 4 bonding pairs and 2 lone pairs, what is its:

  • shape
  • bond angle
  • name an example
A
  • square planar
  • 90º
  • BrF4- and XeF4
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11
Q

State the VSEPR theory (Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion)

State which the order of strengths of repulsion

A
  • Charged clouds arrange themselves to stay as far away from each other as possible to minimise repulsion
  • Lone pair-Lone pair > Lone pair-Bonded pair < Bonded pair-Bonded pair
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12
Q

What causes a change in bond angle?

A

The lone pairs repelling the bonded pairs of electrons

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13
Q

Why do molecules take up shapes? (2)

A
  • according to VSEPR theory, lp-lp repel bp-bp etc.
  • Molecules take up shapes to minimise repulsion
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14
Q

Which atom is affected by repulsion by electron pairs in a molecule?

A

The central atom

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CCEA AS Chemistry Units 1, 2 And 3 (22 decks)

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