U1-Politics and the State

Question 1

What is Power ?

Answer 1

The ability to alter behaviour in order to get what you want

Question 2

What is Hard Power ?

Answer 2

A measurable use of Force or incentives to change behaviour for example :Americas use of 2 atomic bombs in Japan.

Question 3

What is Soft Power ?

Answer 3

A un-measurable use of persuasion or attraction to alter behaviour Eg:Ads to stop smoking through highlighting its benefits

Question 4

What is Authority ?

Answer 4

The socially approved use of power by a person or group over a group of others.EG:Pope/King or Certain Branches of the Government

Question 5

What is Sovereignty ?

Answer 5

The exclusive authority to exercise power within a defined territory.

Question 6

What is the State ?

Answer 6

A entity with sovereignty over an defined territory to exercise control.

Question 7

What qualifies for a State ?

Answer 7

-A defined territory
-Permanent Population
-Government
-=Internal Sovereignty
-Ability to have agreements with other states =External Sovereignty

Question 8

What is a Treaty ?

Answer 8

A formal written agreement between two or more states that is legally binding but not enforced.

Question 9

What is a Bilateral treaty ?

Answer 9

A treaty between two states EG:Two warring nations/Free trade agreement

Question 10

What is a Multilateral treaty ?

Answer 10

A treaty between 3 or more states EG:Geneva convention, prevention of the creation of certain arms.

Question 11

Outline the process for the creation of an treaty

Answer 11

1.Diplomats from parties negotiate terms of the treaty.

2.Partys sign the treaties terms (X Enforced ).

3.Parties Ratify the treaty through domestic law.

4.The treaty comes into force.

Question 12

What do states gain from signing certain types of treaty’s ?

Answer 12

“Free Trade Agreements”-Allows states to gain access to economic markets in other states

Defensive Alliances-Gain greater security usually from more powerful states

Technical/Economic aid- Developing Nations gain aid from wealthier nations

Question 13

What motivates states to sign treaties for the clarification of their relationships with other states?

Answer 13

1.Define terms of a relationship between states clearly.

2.Reduce conflict/Misunderstandings between states

3.Adress the issues between states + Improve relationships through alliances/trade

4.Send messages to other nations on concerns/intentions

5. Interactions between states = More predictable and orderly.

Question 14

How do treaty’s help states address global or regional issues ?

Answer 14

1.Allow for cooperation over issues that require multiple nations to contribute. EG:Global warming

2.Allow borders to cross among multiple states=allow for refugees

3 .Utilise resources from multiple states to combat issues.

Question 15

How does the signing of treaty’s alter the behavior of states?

Answer 15

1.Represent international views on issues
2.If multiple states sign an treaty pressure is placed on states that haven’t signed.

3.Reduction of costs/obstacles from preventing states ability’s to do the correct thing.

Question 16

What is the role of the General assembly ?

Answer 16

Main organ of the UN
1.Forum for the negiotaion between member states.
2.Global issues are put forward + Discussed
3. States can vote on proposals/treaties that are X binding.
4.193 Members each with 1 vote
5.Elects members of the UNSC + Secretory Gen +Set Budget.

Question 17

Role of the security council

Answer 17

Maintenance of International peace of security.

1.5 Permanent + 10 permanent (2yr term)
2.UNSC Resourced=Binding on UN members
3.Only UN body that can impose sanctions or authorise/use force.

Question 18

Role Secretariat

Answer 18

Responsible for daily operations of the UN
1.Led by an “Secretary of General” elected by GA
2.Production of reports + Advice for UNSC/GA
3. Multiple departments with Pacific roles

Question 19

Role of EcoSOC

Answer 19

Discussion of international + Economic Issues + coordination of economic & social activities +Oversee specialised agencies and funds of the UN

1.54 Members
2.Each region given a pacific number of members.

Question 20

Role of the International court of Justice

Answer 20

Setteling of Legal disputes between/among states

1.States not obligated to accept courts final decision (X Binding)
2.Also gives opinion on legal questions
3. Interpretation of treaties & International customs.
4.15 Judges elected for 9 years

Question 21

Define “Development”

Answer 21

A process whereby low-income countries with traditional societies and agriculture-based economies are transformed into industrial economies with high standards of living.

Question 22

Why + How are developing nations assisted?

Answer 22

Developing nations are assisted because is shows that a nation is a good “Global citizen” whilst also addressing transnational problems in underdeveloped nations.

Question 23

What are the development classifications ?

Answer 23

1. Developed Country
2. Developing Country
   3.Least Developed Country

Question 24

External Sovereignty

Answer 24

1.Discuss with other nations issues
2.Can make changes in the international community.

Question 25

What is Internal Sovereignty ?

Answer 25

1. Permanent Population
   2.Defined Borders
   3.Government