U1: Measurement and Health Indicators Flashcards
what is health status?
Refers to an individual or population’s overall health, taking into account a range of measures, such as : life expectancy and experiences of illness, disability, and disease.
why is looking at health status important?
- Make changes in order to improve as a community.
- Identify trends overtime.
- Gives feedback on actions already taken.
what are all the health indicators?
- Self assessed health status
- Life expectancy
- Health adjusted life expectancy (HALE)
- Mortality
- Burden of disease
- Rates of hospitalisation
- Core activity limitation
define self assessed health status.
Measures an individual’s overall perception of their own health status at a given point in time.
define life expectancy.
Measures the number of years a person is expected to live, on the basis that current health conditions do not change.
define health adjusted life expectancy (HALE).
Is a measure of burden of disease on life expectancy at birth. Including an adjustment for time spent in poor health and is the number of years in full health that a person can expect to live, based on current rates of ill health and mortality.
define mortality.
Refers to the number of deaths in a population.
define years of life lost (YLL).
A measure of how many years of expected life are lost due to premature death and refers to the fatal contribution to the burden of disease of disability adjusted life year (DALY).
define morbidity.
Refers to ill health in an individual and the levels of ill health in a given population.
define incidence.
Refers to the number of new cases of a particular disease or condition that arise in a population in a certain period of time.
define prevalence.
Refers to the number of cases of a particular disease or condition that are present in a population at a given point in time.
define years lost due to disability.
- Refers to one full year of healthy life lost due to disability or ill-health.
- Refers to non-fatal contribution to the burden of disease measurement of disability-adjusted life year (DALY).
define psychological distress.
Refers to an individual’s state of psychological suffering, and involves unpleasant emotions and/or thoughts that impact an individual’s ability to function.
define burden of disease.
A measurement of the impact disease and injuries, specifically measuring the gap between the current health status and an ideal situation here everyone lives to an old age, free of disability or disease and is specifically measured by DALY.
define disability-adjusted life years (DALY).
A measure of burden of disease, in which one disability-adjusted life year (DALY) = one healthy life lost due to the experience of disability (YLD) or premature death (YLL).
