U1 LEC: INTRO TO CC Flashcards
This refers to the discipline involved in the selection, provision and interpretation of diagnostic testing that uses primarily samples from patients.
Laboratory Medicine
This is a synonymous term to Clinical Laboratory.
Laboratory Medicine
Importance of Lab Med
- Confirms a clinical suspicion
- Excludes diagnosis
- Assists in the selection, optimization, and monitoring of treatment
- Provides a prognosis
- Screening for disease in the absence of clinical signs and symptoms
- Establishes and monitor the severity of a physiological disturbance
Sections in Abroad that are joint in the Philippines
- Toxicology
- Endocrine and Organ Function Testing
- Hemostasis and Thrombosis
- Identity Testing
Sections in the Philippines
- Clinical Chemistry
- Molecular Diagnostics
- Drug Testing
- Microbiology
- Hematology
- Blood Banking / Transfusion Medicine
- Serology and Immunology
- Clinical Microscopy
- Cytology and Anatomic Pathology
This is the laboratory section that performs qualitative and quantitative analyses of blood, urine, spinal fluid, feces, calculi and other materials.
Clinical Chemistry
This is concerned with the analysis of body fluids.
Clinical Chemistry
Manner of reporting for qualitative analysis
Present or absent
Manner of reporting for quantitative analysis
Exact value
4 Key Concepts of CC
- Accurate
- Precise
- Timely
- Relevant
This is the branch of medical science that involves the analysis of biological material, usually body fluids, to provide diagnostic information on the state of the human body.
Clinical Chemistry
This is the foundation of science that underlies biochemistry and pathophysiology.
Clinical Chemistry
Clinical Chemistry is also known as?
Clinical Biochemistry or Clinical Pathology
Importance of CC
indispensable for the determination of the nature of any diseases (which alters normal function)
Roles of the MT
Deliver accurate and precise laboratory information in order to provide reliable laboratory results
This refers to the checking of previous result of patient.
Delta Check
This is the substance of interest being measured, and may be detected qualitatively or quantitatively.
Analyte
Example of Blood Sugar
Glucose
Example of Lipids
Cholesterol
Example of Proteins
Albumin
Example of NPNs
Creatinine
NPNs stands for?
Nonprotein Nitrogen
Example of Enzyme
ALT/AST (Alanine/Aspartate aminotransferase)
Example of Hormones
Estrogen
Example of Drugs
THC (Tetrahydrocannabinol)
This is an analytical instrument used to measure the intensity of light absorbed by a sample at specific wavelengths, providing quantitative data about the concentrations of substances within that sample.
Spectrophotometer
What is being measured in a spectrophotometer?
Light transmitted
This refers to how close a measured value is to the true value or standard.
Accuracy
This refers to the consistency and reproducibility of sample analyzed multiple times and still yield similar outcomes.
Precision
This refers to the ability of an analytical procedure to maintain original accuracy, precision, specificity, sensitivity over an extended period of time.
Reliability
This refers to the ability to detect a disease.
Sensitivity
This refers to the ability to detect a specific disease or pathogen.
Specificity
These are standardized samples with known concentrations of analytes used to verify the accuracy and precision of analytical tests.
Control
This helps in ensuring that thee testing process is functioning well and correctly.
Control
Two types of control
Control Normal and Control Pathologic
What control is higher than the Normal Control?
Control Pathologic
Controls are checked before?
Shift or in the morning
This is a known reference material or substance that is used to calibrate or validate laboratory instruments and assays.
Standard/Calibrator
What material is run when the machine is introduced to a new reagent?
Standard
This refers to the exact value of standard.
Primary Standard
SRM stands for?
Standard Reference Methods
T/F: SRM is based on the Primary Standard.
True
This refers to any biochemical compound that is sufficiently altered in a disease to serve as an aid in diagnosis or prognosis.
Biochemical Marker
This refers to any material coming from the patient’s human body submitted to the laboratory for processing and testing.
Specimen
Most common specimen in the laboratory
Blood
Three Methods of Blood Collection
- Venipuncture
- Capillary Puncture
- Arterial Puncture
Recommended site for venipuncture
Anticubital fossa
Recommended vein for Venipuncture
Median Cubital vein
Examples of tests done with Arterial blood
Arterial Blood Gas
Common arteries for arterial puncture
- Radial artery (Wrist)
- Femoral artery (Groin)
- Brachial artery (Arm)
Capillary puncture is also known as?
Fingerstick / heelstick puncture
This is the liquid portion of unclotted blood and includes Fibrinogen.
Plasma
This is the liquid component of clotted blood, and has no Fibrinogen.
Serum
What liquid portion of the blood is mainly used in CC?
Serum
This includes a numerical test value and label, which allows for precise interpretation of the quantity and context of the substance or property being analyzed.
Laboratory Result
Key concepts of Laboratory Result
- Actual test value
- Label
The label is also known as the?
unit of measurement
This is the identification of the nature of an illness or other problem by examination of symptoms.
Diagnosis
This is an opinion based on medical experience, of the likely course of a medical condition.
Prognosis
